Chapter-8 : Cell the Unit of Life

1. Select the correct statement.

(1) Anything less than a complete structure of a cell does not ensure independent living.
(2) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a living cell.
(3) Robert Brown discovered nucleus.
(4) All of these.

2. _________, the German botanist, examined a large number of plants and observed that all plants are
composed of different kinds of cells which form the tissue of plant.
(1) Rudolf Virchow (2) Schwann
(3) Schleiden (4) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek

3. Differentiated cells are capable of reverting back to the undifferentiated meristematic state, when
required. These cells are important for
(1) wound healing. (2) regeneration.
(3) secondary growth. (4) All of these.

4. ‘Omnis cellula e cellulae’ means

(1) all animals are made up of cells. (2) cell is the basic unit of life.
(3) all cells arise from pre-existing cells. (4) protoplasm is the physical basis of life.

5. Unicellular organisms are not capable of

(1) independent existence. (2) performing essential functions of life.
(3) both. (4) None of these.

6. Which of the following statement is not a part of final cell theory?

(1) Cell has a thin outer layer called plasma membrane.
(2) All living organisms are made up of cells and products of cells.
(3) All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
(4) All of these.

7. Arrange the following cells in an ascending order of their sizes:

a. Mycoplasma
b. Ostrich egg
c. Human RBC
d. Bacteria
(1) (a), (b), (c), (d) (2) (a), (d), (c), (b) (3) (b), (d), (a), (c) (4) (d), (c), (b), (a)

8. The site of respiration in bacteria is

(1) ribosome. (2) microsome. (3) episome. (4) mesosome.

9. The eukaryotic genome differs from the prokaryotic genome because

(1) the DNA is complexed with histone in prokaryotes.
(2) the DNA is circular and single stranded in prokaryotes.
(3) repetitive sequences are present in eukaryotes.
(4) genes in the former case are organized into operons.

10. How many of the following organelles are found in prokaryotic cells?
ER, Golgi complex, Lysosome, Mitochondria, Microbodies, Vacuoles
(1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 0

1
11. What is true for a prokaryotic cell?
(1) They are smaller in size. (2) Multiply much rapidly than eukaryotes.
(3) Greatly vary in shape and size. (4) All of these.

12. What are plasmids?

(1) Naked genomic DNA (2) Smaller DNA than genomic DNA
(3) Enveloped DNA (4) None of these

13. Which of the following is a function of mesosome?

(1) Cell wall formation.
(2) DNA replication and its distribution to daughter cells.
(3) Both (1) and (2).
(4) None of these.

14. Which of the following help in respiration, secretion process and increase surface area for enzymatic
content?
(1) Plasma membrane (2) Cell wall
(3) Mesosomes (4) Glycocalyx layer

15. Which of the following statements concerning prokaryotes is/are true?

(1) Because prokaryotes do not contain organelles, they cannot photosynthesize or carry out cellular
respiration.
(2) Prokaryotes have no chromosomes and therefore lack DNA.
(3) Prokaryotes flagella are similar in structure to eukaryotic flagella.
(4) None of the above.

16. All of the following statements are correct about plasmids except
(1) they are extrachromosomal DNA.
(2) they are smaller, circular, double stranded naked DNA that confer certain unique phenotypic
characters to some bacteria like resistance to antibiotics.
(3) they are used in genetic engineering.
(4) they help in the replication of nucleoid.

17. a. It is the extension of plasma membrane into the cytoplasm.

b. It helps in cell wall formation, DNA replication, helps in respiration, secretion processes, increases
the surface area of plasma membrane and enzymatic contents, also helps in cytokinesis.
c. It is the characteristic of bacterial cells.
The above features are attributed to bacterial
(1) nucleoid. (2) plasmid. (3) mesosome. (4) pilus.

18. Which of the following statements is false?

(1) Bacterial glycocalyx differs in composition and thickness among different bacteria.
(2) Bacterial envelope has a layered structure and each layer has a distinct function but they act as a
single structure.
(3) Bacteria are organelle less and contains ribosomes.
(4) Number and arrangement of flagella variable in bacteria.

19. Select the incorrect statement about prokaryotic ribosomes.

(1) 50 S and 30 S subunits unite to form 70 S ribosomes.
(2) Polysome/Polyribsomes consist of many ribosomes only.
(3) Ribosomes is the site of protein synthesis.
(4) Polysome indicates the synthesis of identical polypeptide in multiple copies.

2
20. Which of the following statement is false for prokaryotic cell inclusions?
(1) These are storage granules in the cytoplasm.
(2) They are membranous.
(3) Phosphate granules, cyanophycean granules and glycogen granules are the examples of cell
inclusions.
(4) Gas vacuole is found in BGA and purple and green photosynthetic bacteria.

21. Extra-nuclear DNA is found in

(1) lysosome and chloroplast. (2) chloroplast and mitochondria.
(3) mitochondria and lysosome. (4) Golgi and ER.

22. The main arena of various types of activities of a cell is

(1) nucleus. (2) plasma membrane.
(3) mitochondrian. (4) cytoplasm.

23. The ability of proteins to move within the cell membrane is measured with its
(1) quasi-fluid nature. (2) fluidity.
(3) semi-permeable nature. (4) ability to do endocytosis.

24. How many of the following contents are present in the cell wall of algae?
Cellulose, pectins, galactans, mannans, hemicellulose, calcium carbonate
(1) Three (2) Four (3) Five (4) Six

25. The cell wall and middle lamellae may be traversed by _______ which connect the cytoplasm of the
neighbouring cells.
(1) annulus (2) pore (3) plasmodesmata (4) gap junctions

26. The plasma membrane is

(1) impermeable. (2) permeable. (3) semi-permeable. (4) selectively-permeable.

27. Find out the correct statement with respect to fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane.
(1) It was proposed by Robertson.
(2) Lipids of bilayer do show flip-flop movement.
(3) Glycocalyx is a short chain of oligosaccharides attached to cytoplasmic face of proteins.
(4) Extrinsic proteins are present at outer side only.

28. Identify the wrong statement regarding a cell membrane.

(1) The detailed structure of the membrane was studied only after the advent of the electron
microscope in the 1950s.
(2) The lipids are arranged within the membrane with the polar head towards the inner sides and the
hydrophobic tails towards the outer part.
(3) In human beings, the membrane of the erythrocyte has approximately 52% proteins and 40%
lipids.
(4) The lipid component of the membrane mainly consists of phosphoglycerides.

29. Which of the following is an example of active transport performed by the cell membrane?
(1) Diffusion (2) Na+/K+ pump (3) Osmosis (4) Both (1) and (3)

30. The _______ nature of the cell membrane is also important from the point of view of functions like
cell growth, formation of intercellular junctions, secretion, endocytosis, cell division, etc.
(1) amphipathic (2) elastic (3) solid (4) fluid

3
31. Consider the following statements:
a. The middle lamella is a layer mainly of calcium pectate which holds or glues the different neigh-
bouring cells together.
b. A non-living rigid structure called the cell wall forms an outer covering for the plasma membrane
of fungi and plants.
c. Peripheral proteins lie on the surface of cell membrane while the integral proteins are partially or
totally buried in the membrane.
d. Biochemical investigation clearly revealed that the cell membranes also possess protein and
carbohydrate.
How many of the above statements are incorrect?
(1) All of these (2) Two (3) Three (4) None of these

32. Which of the following is not a function of cell wall?

(1) Interaction with outside world. (2) Provide structural support and shape.
(3) Prevent from bursting and collapsing. (4) Exchange of nutrition takes place through it.

33. In plasma membrane, lipids have their polar heads facing

(1) outer side. (2) inner side. (3) in the middle. (4) stable facing nowhere.

34. Which of the following are not the components of plasma membrane?
(1) Sugar (2) Protein (3) Cholesterol (4) None of these

35. Which of the following organisms have cell wall made up of cellulose, galactans, mannans and
minerals like calcium carbonates?
(1) Fungi (2) Plants (3) Algae (4) All of these

36. Which component of middle lamella holds neighbouring cells together?

(1) Calcium phosphate (2) Sodium pectate
(3) Calcium pectate (4) Sodium phosphate

37. Which of the following statement is incorrect about the plasma membrane?
(1) The ratio of proteins and lipid varies considerably in different cell types.
(2) 50% protein and 40% lipids are generally present in the plasma membranes.
(3) The arrangement of proteins (P) and lipids (L) is L–P–P–L.
(4) Head of lipid (fatty acid) is hydrophilic

38. According to the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, the proteins are located
(1) in a continuous layer over the outer surface of the membrane only.
(2) in a continuous layer over the inner surface only.
(3) in discontinuous arrangement, both on the surface (as peripheral proteins) and in the interior of
the membrane (as integral proteins).
(4) in the middle of the membrane, between the lipid layers only.

39. Middle lamellae

(1) mainly consists of Ca-pectate.
(2) holds different neighbouring cells together.
(3) is formed as cell plate during cytokinesis.
(4) all of these.

40. The main chemical component of fungal cell wall is

(1) peptidoglycan. (2) chitin. (3) hemicellulose. (4) pectin.

4
41. Proteins synthesised by ribosomes on the ER are modified in the cisternae of Golgi body before they
are released from its _____.
(1) trans face (2) formative face (3) cis face (4) Both (2) and (3)

42. Select the incorrect statement for Golgi apparatus.

(1) It was first observed by Camillo Golgi.
(2) It consists of many flat, disc-shaped sacs or cisternae.
(3) Fixed number of cisternae are present in a Golgi complex.
(4) Golgi cisternae are concentrically arranged near the nucleus.

43. Which one of the following is not considered as a part of the endomembrane system?
(1) Golgi complex (2) Peroxisome (3) Vacuole (4) Lysosome

44. Select incorrect statement for vacuole.

(1) Tonoplast facilitates the transport of a number of ions and other materials along concentration
gradients.
(2) It contains materials not useful for the cell.
(3) It can occupy upto 90% of the volume.
(4) It is bound by a single membrane.

45. Which of the following is not true for cytoplasmic vacuoles?

(1) These are non-cytoplasmic areas.
(2) They are supposed to be greatly expanded mitochondria.
(3) Vacuoles of animal cells are bounded by a lipo-proteinaceous membrane.
(4) In plant cells, the vacuoles can store pigments and inorganic nutrients etc.

46. Which one of the following organelles is not present in an animal cell?
(1) Vacuole (2) Lysosome (3) Golgi complex (4) Glyoxysome

47. Which of the following organelles contain enzymes that have digestive action?
(1) Ribosomes (2) Polysomes (3) Plastids (4) Lysosomes

48. Lysosomes are rich in

(1) nucleic acids. (2) hydrolytic enzymes.
(3) carbohydrates. (4) hormones.

49. Select the correct statement with respect to endoplasmic reticulum.

(1) ER divides the intracellular space into two distinct compartments, that is, luminal (cytoplasm)
and luminal (inside ER) compartments.
(2) The ER often show ribosomes attached to their inner surface.
(3) RER is frequently observed in the cells actively involved in protein synthesis.
(4) RER is extensive and continuous with inner membrane of the nucleus.

50. In animal cells lipid like _______ hormones are synthesised in SER.
(1) non-steroidal (2) steroidal (3) ribozyme (4) catalytic

51. The Golgi cisternae are concentrically arranged near the a with distinct b cis or c face and d trans or
the e face.
(1) a – mitochondria; e – maturing; e – forming
(2) a – convex; c – forming; e – concave
(3) a – maturing; c – forming; e – convex
(4) a – nucleus; c – concave; e – forming

5
52. Which of the following functions are not performed by the Golgi complex?
(1) It acts as an important site of formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids.
(2) It is involved in packaging materials.
(3) Modification of proteins synthesised by the ER.
(4) It acts as a site for synthesis of steroidal hormones.

53. Read the following statements carefully with respect to lysosomes:

a. Lysosomes are membrane less vesicular structures.
b. They are formed by the process of packaging in Golgi apparatus.
c. They are rich in hydrolytic enzymes.
d. They enzymes found in them are active at basic pH.
e. They are also called triggerers for cell division.
f. It contains minerals, sap, vitamins and sucrose.
How many of the above statement are correct?
(1) Two (2) Three (3) Four (4) Five

54. The vacuole is bound by a a membrane called b . In plant cells, vacuoles can occupy upto c of the
volume of the cell. In Amoeba, the d vacuoles are important for excretion.
a b c d
(1) double, pellicle, 40%, food
(2) single, tonoplast, 90%, contractile
(3) double, tonoplast, 60%, gas
(4) single, pellicle, 75%, food

55. The hydrolytic enzymes found in lysosomes are active at pH

(1) 4–5. (2) 7. (3) 7.5–8.5. (4) 1–2.

56. Select the correct option.

(1) Phagosome + Pinosome = Primary lysosome
(2) Primary lysosome + Undigested food = Tertiary lysosome
(3) Secondary lysosome + Endosome = Phagosome
(4) Secondary lysosome + Wastes = Tertiary lysosomes

57. Which of the following is not a storage disease?

(1) Polynephritis (2) Albinism
(3) Hurler’s disease (4) Pompe’s disease

58. Which of the following term is not associated with lysosomes?

(1) Triggrers of cell division (2) Suicidal bags
(3) Protein factories (4) Disposal units

59. Lysosomes contain some enzymes called a which are used for dissolving the b of ovum during
fertilisation.
(1) a – nucleosidases; b – nictitating membrane
(2) a – peroxidases; b – tapetal membrane
(3) a – catalases; b – biunit membrane
(4) a – sperm lysin; b – limiting membrane

60. Ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum by

(1) ribozyme. (2) sn-RNPs.
(3) ribophorins. (4) centrosphere.

6
61. Which of the following statements is not true about microsomes?
(1) These are fragments of endoplasmic reticulum containing ribosomes.
(2) They contain large amount of RNA and phospholipids.
(3) They are found in abundance in living eukaryotic cells.
(4) They can be obtained by high speed centrifugation.

62. Around the Golgi complex, an organelle free cytoplasm is present which is called as
(1) centrosphere. (2) ectoplasm.
(3) zone of exclusion. (4) cytocentrum.

63. How many Golgi complex are present in the rhizoidal cell of Chara?
(1) 25,000 (2) 300–400 (3) 5 lakhs (4) Less than 10

64. How many of the following organelles are found both in animal and plant cells?
Mitochondria, Plastids, Golgi complex, Ribosomes, Lysosomes, Centrioles, Vacuoles, Plasmids
(1) Three (2) Four (3) Five (4) Six

65. Golgi apparatus is important site for the formation of

(1) protein and lipids. (2) glycoproteins and glycolipids.
(3) carbohydrates and proteins. (4) glucose and lipids.

66. Which of the following is correct about vacuole?

(1) Vacuole contains water sap, excretory product and other material not useful for the cell.
(2) In plant cell, the vacuole can occupy up to 90% of the volume of the cell.
(3) Vacuole is bounded by tonoplast.
(4) All of these

67. The SER can be formed by

(1) addition of ribosomes to RER. (2) removal of proteins from RER.
(3) removal of ribosomes from RER. (4) addition of lipids to RER.

68. a. Varied number of cisternae is present in a Golgi body.

b. Golgi cisternae are concentrically near the nucleus.
c. GB shows polarity – Cis/proximal/forming/concave force near nucleus and
distal/convex/trans/maturation face.
d. The cis and trans face are interconnected.
e. Both the faces are similar.
Which of the above statements about GB is/are false?
(1) Only (c) and (e) (2) Only (d) (3) Only (d) and (e) (4) Only (c)

69. Which of the following enzymes is absent in lysosome?

(1) Lipases and proteases (2) Carbohydrase
(3) Polymerases (4) Nuclease

70. The concentration of a number of ions and other materials is higher in vacuoles than that in
cytoplasm. Why?
(1) Tonoplast has a number of active transport system that pumps ions into vacuole from cytoplasm.
(2) Through osmosis, a large amount of ions go continuously to vacuole from cytoplasm.
(3) Cytoplasmic ions enter the vacuole through osmotic flow of water.
(4) Vacuole is always engaged in the hydrolysis of salts into their ions.

7
71. Which of the following statements are true about endoplasmic reticulum?
a. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum makes lipids.
b. It is also called the control centre of the cell.
c. It processes carbohydrates.
d. It modifies chemicals that are toxic to the cell.
(1) All except (d) (2) All except (b)
(3) Only (a) and (d) (4) All of these

72. RER is found abundantly in those cells which are actively involved in
(1) protein synthesis. (2) lipid synthesis.
(3) steroidal hormones synthesis. (4) glycogen metabolism.

73. Select incorrect statement for plastids

(1) Amyloplasts store carbohydrates (starch).
(2) Ribosomes of the chloroplasts are larger than the cytoplasmic ribosomes.
(3) Chloroplasts are double membrane bound.
(4) The stroma of the chloroplast also contains enzymes for the synthesis of proteins.

74. The inner membrane of the mitochondria is usually, highly convoluted, forming a series of infoldings
known as
(1) thylakoids. (2) larnellae. (3) cristae. (4) grana.

75. In mitochondria, cristae act as sites for

(1) protein synthesis. (2) phosphorylation of flavoproteins.
(3) breakdown of macromolecules. (4) oxidation-reduction reaction.

76. Which of the following statements regarding mitochondrial membrane is not correct?
(1) The outer membrane resembles a sieve.
(2) The outer membrane is permeable to all kinds of molecules.
(3) The enzymes of the electron transfer chain are embedded in the outer membrane.
(4) The inner membrane is highly convoluted forming a series of infoldings.

77. Amyloplast is concerned with

(1) absorption of water. (2) absorption of light.
(3) store fat. (4) store starch.

78. How many chlorophyll molecules combine to form quantasomes?

(1) 100 (2) 150 (3) 200 (4) 230

79. When green tomato fruits turn to red, then

(1) chloroplasts are disintegrated and get converted into chromoplasts.
(2) new chromoplasts are formed.
(3) chromoplasts are changed to chloroplasts.
(4) None of these.

80. All plastids have essentially same structure because

(1) they have to perform same functions.
(2) they are localized in aerial parts of plant.
(3) all plastids store starch, lipid and proteins.
(4) one type of plastids can be differentiated into another type of plastid depending on cell re-
quirements.

8
81. Select the wrong statement from the following.
(1) Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain an inner and an outer membrane.
(2) Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment, the thylakoid space bounded
by the thylakoid membrane.
(3) Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA.
(4) The chloroplasts are generally much larger than mitochondria.

82. The presence of DNA in mitochondria and chloroplast supports the hypothesis that
(1) glycolysis occurs in both mitochondria and chloroplast.
(2) mitochondria and chloroplast both originated as independent free living organisms.
(3) ATP is produced in mitochondria as well as in chloroplast.
(4) mitochondria and chloroplasts undergo meiosis and mitosis independent of nucleus.

83. If we separate the cell organelles of a living cell, then which part should be alive?
(1) Endoplasmic reticulum. (2) Chloroplast.
(3) Cell wall. (4) Ribosome.

84. A protoplast is
(1) a cell organelle. (2) a cell with a wall.
(3) a single wall-less cell. (4) cell without nucleus.

85. In which of the following organisms maximum numbers of mitochondria are found?
(1) Liver cells of humans (2) Heart cells of humans
(3) Flight muscles of insects (4) Giant amoeba Chaos chaos

86. The matrix of mitochondria consists of

(1) single, circular DNA molecule, few RNA molecules and ribosomes.
(2) enzymes for Krebs’ cycle and glycolysis, and ribosomes (70 S).
(3) DNA, RNA and enzymes for light and dark reactions of photosynthesis.
(4) Oxysomes, enzymes of ETC and DNA molecules.

87. Fill in the blanks and select the option with all correct blanks.
a. If outer mitochondrial membrane is removed, the structure is called __________.
b. The inner mitochondrial membrane is rich in double phospholipids called __________.
c. In scurvy disease, numerous mitochondria combine with each other and form a large lobe called
__________.
d. The life span of mitochondria is __________.
e. Maximum number of mitochondria are found in __________.
(1) a – protoplast; b – phospholipids; c – plastidome
(2) b – cardiolipins; d – 5 to 10 days; e – flight muscles of insects
(3) c – chondriosphere; d – 90 to 120 days; e – giant amoeba – chaos chaos
(4) b – ribophorins; c – chondrii; d – infinite

88. Identify the wrong statements with respect to leucoplasts:

(1) These are colourless and irregularly shaped.
(2) Found in those cells where direct sunlight is not available.
(3) Grana and photosynthetic pigments are present in abundance.
(4) Their main function is storage of food.

89. Select the correct match with respect to the shape of chloroplasts
(1) Chlamydomonas – Spiral (2) Ulothrix – Star shaped
(3) Zygonema – Cup shaped (4) Oedogonium – Reticulate shaped.

9
90. Consider the following characters:
a. Single-membraned organelle
b. Maternal inheritance
c. Double-membraned organelle
d. Semi-autonomous organelle
e. Component of endo-membrane system
f. Endosymbiotic origin
g. Amembranous organelle
h. Universal occurrence in eukaryotic cells.
How many of the above characters are shown both by mitochondria and chloroplasts?
(1) Four (2) Five (3) Six (4) Seven

91. The functional units of Mitochondria and Chloroplast are respectively

(1) microsome and chlorosome.
(2) ergastoplasm and chromomere.
(3) oxysome and quantasome.
(4) golgisome and microsome.

92. What could be the length of inner mitochondrial membrane if the number of oxysomes is 10 –10 , and
4 5

the distance between two oxysomes is 100 Å?

(1) 10 – 10 Å
6 7
(2) 10 – 10 Å
2 3
(3) 10 – 10 Å
8 10
(4) 10 – 10 Å
3 4

93. Select the incorrect statement:

(1) The chloroplast contains chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments.
(2) Chromoplast contains water soluble carotenoid pigments like carotene, xanthophylls.
(3) Plasmid is easily observed under microscope.
(4) Chloroplast is double membrane bound organelle.

94. Extranuclear genes are found in

(1) lysosome and chloroplast. (2) GB and ER.
(3) nucleus and mitochondria. (4) mitochondria and chloroplast.

95. Which of the following is correct about the outer and inner membrane of chloroplast?
(1) Less permeable and more permeable respectively.
(2) More permeable and less permeable respectively.
(3) Both are equally permeable.
(4) Both are equally impermeable.

96. Which of the following feature is not associated with mitochondria?

(1) Circular nucleic acid (2) Elementary particles in matrix
(3) 70S ribosomes (4) Division through fissions

97. Mitoplast is
(1) outer membrane less chloroplast. (2) outer membrane less mitochondria.
(3) granum less chloroplast. (4) well developed nucleus.

98. Which of the following is not true for ribosomes?

(1) When associated with ER, they are attached with their 40S subunit.
(2) Each ribosome is made up of two subunits.
(3) ER bound ribosomes syntheses secretory proteins and lysosomal proteins.
(4) Free ribosomes synthesize non-secretory proteins.

10
99. Polysome is formed by
(1) ribosomes attached to each other in a linear arrangement.
(2) several ribosomes attached to a single mRNA.
(3) many ribosomes attached to a strand of endoplasmic reticulum.
(4) a ribosome with several subunits.

100. The two sub-units of ribosome remain united at a critical ion level of
(1) calcium. (2) copper. (3) manganese. (4) magnesium.

101. Protein synthesis in an animal cell, takes place

(1) in the cytoplasm as well as mitochondria.
(2) only on ribosome attached to nucleus.
(3) only in the cytoplasm.
(4) in the nucleolus as well as in the cytoplasm.

102. Sedimentation coefficient is indirectly a measure of

(1) density and size. (2) volume and specific gravity.
(3) molecular weight and velocity. (4) mass and surface tension.

103. Which of the following is not the component of 80S ribosomes?

(1) 23S rRNA (2) 5.8S rRNA
(3) 18S rRNA (4) 5S rRNA

104. Consider the following statements regarding ribosomes:

a. Ribosomes are amembranous organelles which are found in every type of cell.
b. It consists of two subunits which unite during the time of protein synthesis.
c. In eukaryotic cells, they are also found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
d. They are made up of r-RNA and proteins.
e. The charge on ribosomes is negative.
How many of the above statements are incorrect?
(1) Two (2) Three (3) Four (4) None

105. 70S ribosomes are found

(1) in prokaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplast.
(2) in prokaryotic cells and in cytoplasm of eukaryotes cells.
(3) on endoplasmic reticulum.
(4) on endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membrane.

106. Which of the following statement is incorrect with respect to ribosomes?

(1) The type of ribosomes of prokaryotes is 70S.
(2) Ribosomes were discovered by George Palade.
(3) They are made up of RNA only.
(4) Ribosomes are also known as protein factories.

107. a. Granular structure.

b. First observed under the electron microscope as dense particles by George Palade.
c. Composed of RNA and proteins.
d. Not surrounded by any membrane.
Above given statements are true for which cell organelle?
(1) Nucleolus (2) Ribosomes (3) Cristae (4) Chloroplast

11
108. Cell organelle which is also called cell engine is
(1) ribosome. (2) lysosome.
(3) vacuoles. (4) endoplasmic reticulum.

109. Select incorrect statement for centrioles.

(1) Submicroscopic, microtubular and subcylindrical structures.
(2) Each centriole has a cartwheel organization having a whorl of nine peripheral triplet fibrils of
tubulin (9 + 2) tilted at an angle of 40°.
(3) The three subfibres of a triplet from outside to inside are designated as C, B and A.
(4) These are mostly present in animal cells and flagellated organisms and structures like spores, and
gametes, etc.

110. The tail of a sperm is made up of

(1) ribosome. (2) lysosome. (3) Golgi complex. (4) centrioles.

111. Which of the following organelle can act as an intracellular scavenger?

(1) Lysosome (2) Mitochondria
(3) Peroxysomes (4) Glyoxysomes

112. Which of the following is not the function of centrioles?

(1) It forms the basal body of cilia.
(2) It helps in the formation of spindle fibres during cell division.
(3) Osmoregulation.
(4) Both (1) and (2).

113. Cytoskeleton helps in

(1) mechanical support to cell. (2) providing mobility to cell.
(3) maintenance of the shape of cell. (4) All of these.

114. Find out the incorrect statement:

(1) Centrioles form basal bodies of cilia or flagella.
(2) Centriole gives rise to spindle fibres at the time of cell division in animal cell.
(3) Centrosome is an organelle usually containing two cylindrical structures called centrioles.
(4) Peripheral fibril of centriole is doublet.

115. Select the incorrect statement:

(1) Cilia and flagella are hair-like outgrowths of the membrane.
(2) Cilia cause the movement of either the cell or the surrounding medium.
(3) Bacterial flagella are structurally similar to eukaryotic flagella.
(4) Flagella responsible for cell movement.

116. Choose the false statement:

(1) Centrosome – Cytoplasmic structure of animal cells
(2) Centrioles form spindle poles.
(3) Centriole – Membrane-less, but surrounded by amorphous pericentriolar bodies.
(4) Centrosome occurs in every animal cells and most of the plant cells.

117. Which of the following statements is incorrect for centrioles?

(1) Both the centrioles in a centrosome lie perpendicular to each other.
(2) Central proteinaceous hub is missing in a centriole.
(3) Each centriole has an organization like that of cartwheel.
(4) Centrosome usually contains two cylindrical centrioles.

12
118. Find out the incorrect statement with respect to glyoxysomes.
(1) It is reported from the endosperm of germinating seeds.
(2) They usually occur in fat-rich plant cells.
(3) They are associated with glyoxylate cycle.
(4) They develop from mitochondria.

119. Select correct statement about nucleolus:

(1) It is a membrane bound structure.
(2) Get more active at end of prophase.
(3) Content of nucleolus is discontinuous with the rest of the nucleoplasm.
(4) It is a site for ribosomal RNA synthesis.

120. _____ represents position of centromere.

(1) Chromomere (2) Telomere (3) Satellite (4) Primary constriction

121. Beaded appearance of chromosome is called

(1) centromere. (2) centriole. (3) satellite. (4) chromomere.

122. Isobrachial chromosome is

(1) telocentric. (2) acrocentric. (3) sub-metacentric. (4) metacentric.

123. Which of the following is an example of mesokaryotic cell?

(1) Bacteria (2) PPLO (3) Virus (4) Dinoflagellates

124. Larger and more numerous nucleoli are present in cells actively carrying out
(1) lipid synthesis. (2) protein synthesis.
(3) vitamin synthesis. (4) carbohydrate synthesis.

125. How many kinetochores are present in a single centromere?

(1) One (2) Two (3) Many (4) Absent

126. Which of the following is nucleo-proteinaceous?

(1) Chromosomes, viruses and ribosomes (2) Centriole, viruses and lysosome
(3) Viruses, chromosomes and vacuole (4) Nucleus, GB, DNA

127. Nuclear DNA exists as a complex of proteins called _________ that condenses into___________
during ________.
(1) chromatids; chromosomes; cell division (2) chromosomes; chromatin; interphase
(3) chromatin; chromosome; interphase (4) chromatin; chromosome; cell division

128. Which one of the following cellular parts is correctly described?

(1) Thylakoids – flattened membranous sacs forming the grana of chloroplasts
(2) Centrioles – sites for active RNA synthesis
(3) Ribosomes – those on chloroplasts are (80 S) while those in the cytoplasm are smaller (70 S)
(4) Lysosomes – optimally active at a pH of about 8.5

129. Which of the following set of organelles is single membraned?

(1) Lysosomes, Microbodies, Sphaerosomes and Vacuoles
(2) Ribosomes, Glyoxysome, Peroxisomes and Golgi-complex
(3) Centrioles, Lysosomes, Mitochondria and Nucleolus
(4) Chloroplasts, Chromosomes, Centrosomes and Vacuoles

13
130. How many of the following structures are possessed by the plant cells:
Cell wall, Centrioles, Plastids, Cell membrane, Vacuoles
(1) One (2) Two (3) Three (4) Four

131. Mark the incorrect statement:

(1) The largest isolated single cell is the egg of an Ostrich.
(2) Mesosomes are the cell membrane extensions.
(3) Inclusion bodies are always bounded by a membrane system.
(4) RBC membrane in human beings has 52% protein.

132. Select the incorrect statement:

(1) Micro bodies contain various enzyme and are present in both plant and animal cells.
(2) Few chromosome have non-staining secondary constriction of constant location. This give the ap-
pearance of a small fragment called the satellite.
(3) Nucleoli are spherical structures present in nucleoplasm and it is a site for ribosomal RNA
synthesis.
(4) Every chromosome essentially has a secondary constriction or the centromere on the sides of
which disc-shaped structures called kinetochores are present.

133. Read the following statements:

a. Mitochondria and chloroplast are energy transducers.
b. The functions of mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisome are not coordinated with ER, GB,
lysosome and vacuoles, so they are a part of the endomembranous system.
c. Internal compartmentalization causes the division of labour within eukaryotic cells that greatly in-
creases overall cellular function.
d. Prokaryotic cells have various types of cell organelles.
How many of the above statements are correct?
(1) One (2) Three (3) Four (4) Two

134. Mark the correct option with respect to informosomes.

(1) mRNA + ribosomes (2) mRNA + protein
(3) DNA + protein (4) polyribosomes

135. What is common in mitochondria, chloroplast and nucleus?

(1) They are double membrane bound organelles.
(2) They are single membrane bound organelles.
(3) They are included in endomembrane system.
(4) They have 80S ribosomes.

14