BASIC ENGLISH
1 NOUNS
Danh từ số ít/ danh từ số nhiều
Grammar
Danh từ đếm được/ danh từ không đếm được
Ngữ pháp
Cách thành lập danh từ số nhiều
1 Vocabulary
111
Vocabulary box
English Phonetics (C) or (U)? Plural (if any) Vietnamese
bucket /ˈbʌk.ɪt/ Cái xô
envelope /ˈen.və.loʊp/ Phong bì
spoon /spuːn/ Cái muỗng
sand /sænd/ Cát
toothbrush /ˈtuːθ.brʌʃ/ Bàn chải đánh rang
wallet /ˈwɑː.lɪt/ Ví tiền
egg eɡ/ Trứng
jug /dʒʌɡ/ Bình (trà, sữa)
salt /sɑːlt/ Muối
toothpaste /ˈtuːθ.peɪst/ Kem đánh rang
water /ˈwɑː.t̬ ɚ/ Nước
watch /wɑːtʃ/ Đồng hồ
cheese /tʃiːz/ Phô mai
hat /hæt/ Mũ
job /dʒɑːb/ Công việc
meat /miːt/ Thịt
island /ˈaɪ.lənd/ Đảo
key /kiː/ Chìa khoá
umbrella /ʌmˈbrel.ə/ Ô/ dù
bread /bred/ Bánh mì
wood /wʊd/ Gỗ
jar /dʒɑːr/ Cái hũ
boat /boʊt/ Thuyền
sheep /ʃiːp/ Con cừu
leaf /liːf/ Lá cây
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2 Grammar
Danh từ có thể đếm được hoặc không đếm được.
2.1 Danh từ đếm được (Countable Nouns)
Ví dụ: (a) cat (a) man (a) bottle (a) house (a) key (an) idea
Bạn có thể sử dụng số đếm trước danh từ đếm được:
one/ two/ three (etc.) + countable nouns
Danh từ đếm được có thể dưới dạng số ít (= một) hoặc số nhiều (= hai hoặc hơn)
Singular a car the car my car etc.
Plural cars two cars the cars some cars many car etc.
2.2 Danh từ không đếm được (Uncountable Nouns)
Ví dụ: water air rice salt plastic money music tennis
Không thể dùng danh từ không đếm được với số đếm.
Không thể dung a/an + danh từ không đếm được
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Exercise 1. What are these things? Some are countable and some are uncountable. Write
a/an if necessary. The names of these things are:
jug water
toothpaste toothbrush egg money : cash (U)
coin (C)
wallet sand bucket envelope
Exercise 2. Some of these sentences are OK, but some need a/an. Write a/an where
necessary.
1. I haven’t got watch. a watch
2. Do you like cheese? OK
3. I never wear hat. a hat
4. Are you looking for job? a job
5. Kate doesn’t eat meat.
OK
7. I’m going to party tonight.
a party tonight
8. Music is wonderful thing. a wonderful thing
9. Jamaica is island. an island
10. I don’t need key.
a key
11. Everybody needs food.
OK
12. I’ve got good idea.
a good idea
13. Can you drive car?
a car
14. Do you want cup of coffee?
a cup of coffee
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15. I don’t like coffee without milk. ok
16. Don’t go out without umbrella.
an umbrella
Exercise 3. What are these things? Write a … of … for each picture. Use the words in the
boxes.
1. a carton of milk 4. a bar of chocolate 7. a bowl of soup
2. 5. a cup of coffee 8.
a piece of wood a loaf of bread
3. 6. a piece of paper 9.
a glass of water a jar of honey
2.3 Cách thành lập danh từ số nhiều
Hình thức số nhiều của danh từ thường có -s
Những đồ vật sau luôn ở hình thức số nhiều:
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Những danh từ số nhiều sau không kết thúc bằng -s:
Exercise 4. Write the plural.
families
1. flower flowers 5. umbrella umbrellas
……….. 9. family ………..
boats addresses feet
2. boat ……….. 6. address ……….. 10. foot ………..
3. woman women
……….. 7. knife knvies
……….. 11. holiday ………..
holidays
4. city ………..
cities 8. sandwich sandwiches
……….. 12. potato ………..
potatoes
Exercise 5. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences.
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sheep
1. There are a lot of ……………………………….. in the field.
2. Gary is cleaning his ……………………………….
teeth
3. There are three ………………………………..at
people the bus stop.
brothers
4. Lucy has got two ……………………………….
5. There are a lot of ……………………………….
fish
6. The ……………………………….
leaves are falling from the tree.
Exercise 6. Are these sentences OK? Change the sentences where necessary.
1. I’m going to buy some flowers. OK
I need a new pair of jeans or I need some
2. I need a new jeans.
new jeans.
3. It’s a lovely park with a lot of beautiful tree. trees
4. There was a woman in the car with two mens. two men
5. Sheep eat grass. Ok
6. David is married and has three childs. children
7. Most of my friend are student. friends / students
8. He put on his pyjamas and went to bed. ok
9. We went fishing, but we didn’t catch many fish. ok
10. Do you know many persons in this town? people
11. I like your trouser. Where did you get it? trousers
12. The town centre is usually full of tourist. tourists
13. I don’t like mice. I’m afraid of them. ok
14. This scissor isn’t very sharp. scissors
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