Understanding Static Routing Basics
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsUnderstanding Static Routing Basics
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsA.
U: 2013/2014
Static Routing
Educational Unit: Network
Teaching Unit: IP Networks and Routing
1
Responsable U.E: [Link]@[Link]
Reminder: A router: why use one?
In a small business network, all the
computers are connected directly and
access the Internet through a
router.
When the company is important,
established on different sites, it has
several networks connected to each other by
routers.
The internet is made up of thousands of
routers capable to transport
the information from one computer to another.
2
Reminder: Operating principle of routing
When a computer sends a message to another outside its network, this message is
transmitted to the router which performs the following actions:
– Read the recipient's address
– Check its routing table to determine the route to take for
reach this destination.
– Send the message to the next router
3
Router interfaces
• The router has several interfaces, each belonging to an IP network.
different: LAN or WAN.
4
Router interfaces
5
Routing table
• A router uses a routing table to determine the shipping location.
packages.
• The routing table contains a set of routes.
• Each route describes the gateway or the interface used by the router to
reach a given network.
• A road has four main components:
– The destination network
– The subnet mask
– The address of the gateway or interface
– The metric
6
Routing table: Example
7
Types of roads
8
Static Routing
Definition
.Programmed by the network administrator to determine the
path that a package must take to reach its destination.
.The routing tables are filled in manually.
.Static routes do not adapt to changes in
network environments.
.It is used on small networks or on edge networks.
.For very stable networks
. Tedious and carries a significant risk of error if the network is large (> 10)
routers)
9
Static Routing
10
Static Routing
When to use static routes?
Static routes should be used in the following cases:
. A network only has a few routers. In this case,
the use of a routing protocoldynamic presents none
substantial benefit. On the contrary, dynamic routing risks increasing
the administrative burden.
. A network is connected to the Internet through a single ISP: It
it is not necessary to use a dynamic routing protocol on this
link because the ISP represents the only exit point to the Internet.
11
Static Routing
Summary of static routes
. Route summarization reduces the size of the routing table.
. The summary of routes is the process of combining a number of routes.
static in a single static route.
. Several static routes can be summarized into a single route.
static if :
Destination networks can be summarized in one address.
unique network.
The multiple static routes all use the same interface of
next hop output or IP address.
12
Static Routing
Default static route
. The default static route corresponds to all packets.
. Commonly used when connecting a router
peripheral of a company to the ISP network.
. When a router is connected to only one other router. This case
is called 'end router'.
13
Static Routing: Basic Commands
14
Static routing: Basic commands
15
Static routing: Basic commands
16
Limits of static routing
If a road is defective, the
router continues to want to use.
This is one of the limits of routing.
static.
Solution:
Dynamic routing
17