Water Treatment Solutions for Periquito
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ScribdTranslationsWater Treatment Solutions for Periquito
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ScribdTranslations2.1.- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.
The environment has been mistreated due to many causes, one of
it is due to the direct action of man. According to Dr. Lee Jong-Wook the
World Health Organization (WHO) states that: The case of water
drinking water is one of the clearest examples, its supply is a
a problem that has troubled man since ancient times.
Romero (2012) stated that according to data provided by the
World Bank, 45% of the global population lacks direct access
to drinking water services. Other sources speak of one billion of
people without access to the service, while two billion five hundred million do not
they have purification service. In developed countries, children
consume 30 to 50 times more water than in the so-called developing countries
of development.
This water issue has caused it to grow and spread.
various diseases. In developing countries, four-fifths of the
diseases are transmitted by her, with diarrhea being the main cause
of infant mortality. In this regard, Bos (quoted by Mejía, 2014) states that: The
the relationship between water and health is of great importance and has a strong local dimension, and affects
around 1.1 billion people lack access to sources of
improved drinking water, and about 2.4 billion people lacking
adequate sanitation. According to the WHO, there is evidence that there are
serious waterborne diseases that result in
death of about 2,213,000 people.
The state of Sucre is not exempt from this reality, as within its geography
preserves urban and rural areas surrounded by canals, ditches, and ravines
which are used unconsciously by families for the launch of
garbage, wastewater, and all kinds of solid and liquid waste, putting
public health at risk; many communities belonging to this state
they benefit from the water service through pipe connections that
they come directly from the rivers and are sent to homes without any type
of water treatment, risking the health of the users.
In the Montes municipality, Sucre state specifically in the population
from Periquito, parish Arenas, it was observed that the water conditions of
human consumption were not the most suitable. To verify the above,
a visit was made to the company Hidrocaribes where they supplied us
the data from the physicochemical analyses over a period of 3 years (2015-
2017) it was found that the turbidity of the water for the period
the rain was not the most appropriate, it was in a range greater than 5 NTU
as established by Official Gazette No. 36,395 in the Sanitary Regulations of
Drinking Water Quality.
Subsequent to this, a diagnosis was made on the treatment system.
water that feeds the community of Periquito in which it was able to verify that
the conditions of the dam intake are not the most appropriate, the damming of the
it was destroyed by the various floods of the river, causing the pipe
the intake is not completely submerged, causing a decrease
in the feed flow, the roughing system does not meet the
optimal conditions for such activity, since the grids depending on the
established in the OPS/CEPIS/04.115 standard meets the specifications
of dimensions, but it does not comply with the material of construction which is iron
galvanized, because it is made of commercial steel,
causing accelerated degradation over time, which brings about
consequence of the passage of a larger amount of solid waste.
It is also important to highlight that the disinfection process is not the
the application of sodium hypochlorite is not carried out
continuously, due to the lack of the chemical sending the liquid to the community
without any type of treatment, apart from the connection of the hose to the
The feed pipe is poorly connected and is not in shape.
perpendicular in the direction of the fluid, it is found transversely
causing friction with it preventing the treatment from flowing
continuously.
In this regard, the community of Periquito, Arenas, Río Arenas, La
Guajira and Cerro Colorado consume drinking water without treatment.
suitable, generating diseases in the community due to agents
microbial (bacteria, protozoa, viruses) such as: cholera, meningitis, diarrhea,
gastroenteritis, dengue, scabies, hepatitis, among others.
Es por ello que en continuidad con los estudios anteriormente realizados,
it is proposed to establish the appropriate treatment for this effluent and design the
water treatment units corresponding to this type of water such as
the filtration and chlorination process that goes in accordance with it
established by the sanitary standards for drinking water quality (Decree 883
Official Gazette 36.395). If the proposed proposal is not taken into consideration,
the supply system would be exposed to a series of problems,
como el desabastecimiento en el suministro de agua en el período de lluvia y la
proliferation of diseases, among others.
To respond to the purpose of the research, the following are formulated
questions:
How can population growth be estimated in the community of
Budgie for the year 2035?
How could the average operating flow and the flow be evaluated?
maximum daily required for a future population?
What are the changes in the current installation that will optimize the
performance and capacity of the drinking water treatment plant of the
community of Periquito in the future?
How can a proposal for redesigning a treatment plant be validated?
of drinking water for the community of Periquito?
How can the investment costs of the treatment plant be estimated?
water from the Periquito community?
JUSTIFICATION OF THE RESEARCH.
The present research was conducted with the objective of establishing the
appropriate treatment and to propose the installation of new equipment
required for these waters such as the filtration and chlorination process in the
drinking water treatment system located in the community of Periquito,
Arenas parish, Sucre state due to deficiencies in it.
due to the lack of an adequate disinfection system, as well as the lack
of equipment that allows for the removal of suspended particles and microorganisms
present in the water.
The project includes the study of the locality, the quality of the water,
water demand, and the design of each operation involved in the process
that could be defined in function of the physicochemical analyses and
microbiologicals obtained in Hidrocaribes, through which it was proceeded to
similar to the highest turbidity of the water present in the analyses with a
sand sample, all necessary tests were carried out on them
laboratory and through these it was determined that it is necessary to implement
a filtration and disinfection stage. These operating conditions
They will allow modifying the conditions to improve water quality.
The fact that this water is not treated properly has caused
various diseases (cholera, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, dengue, scabies,
among others) to the inhabitants of the community, that is why the present
research represents a useful contribution to provide solutions to the
current problems faced by the Periquito community.