Task

Vt = Vs + Va + Vw
Vt = Vs + Vp
Vp = Va + Vw
en dondeVtes volumen total,Vses volumen de suelo (partículas),Vaes volumen de aire,
Vwvolumen de agua yVpVolumen de poros.

where the soil water mass is calculated using the following expression:
Mw = Mt - Ms and Mtes the mass of wet or total soil and the mass of dry soil (Ms)

Vw
θ = = Yes
Vt

whereθ It is the volumetric water content of the soil and it gives the bulk density of the soil.

:
h = θx depth
where is the water content in the soil expressed as a column of water

. .
. . =
1.85

where P.M.P is the permanent wilting point and C. de C. is the field capacity

Hd = Ha x U.R.

where Hd is the available or deficit moisture, Ha is the usable moisture and U.R. is
the irrigation threshold

Hd = ([Link] C.–P.M.P) x Da x depth x U.R.

Hd = (CC-Pw) x Da x profundidad

where Pw is the moisture content for a given irrigation threshold

Pw = C. of C. - Hd
 Hsat = (%E–Pw x Da) x prof

Where Hsat is the water needed to carry from any moisture content to
saturation and E is the porosity

Extensive properties

Vt = Volumen total
Vp = Volumen ocupado por poros
Vs = Volumen ocupado por sólidos
Vw = Volumen de agua
Va = Volume of air
Ms = Mass of solids
Mw = Mass of water

Intensive properties

Density of water

Mw
Dw =
Vw
Real Density (of particles or of the solid phase)
Ms
Dr =
Vs
Apparent Density
Ms.
Done
Vt
Porosity
Vp
E=
Vt

Porosity occupied by air

( − )
=
Vt

Water content (% based on mass)

= × 100
Ms.

Water content (based on mass)

=
Ms.
Water content (% base on volume)
= x 100
Vt

Water content (based on volume)

=
Vt

% porosity saturation
= x 100
Vp

Relation of pores
=
Vs

Exercises

A soil sample with 40% porosity has a total volume of 120 cm.3and a content
humidity of 0.3 cm3/cm3If the density of the solid phase is 2.5 g/cm3, what is the density
apparent?

2. A wet soil has a moisture content of 0.15 g/g. If 200 g of soil is needed.
dry for an experiment How many grams of moist soil are needed?

A soil has a porosity of 0.45 cm3/cm3If the soil moisture content is 0.2
g/g and the average particle density is 2.6 g/cm3, calculate the cm of water in a
depth of 30 cm of soil.

4. It is desired to bring soil to C. of C. It is known that the soil reaches C. of C. with a value of 0.4
cm3/cm3(moisture content based on volume). If the soil is at P.M.P., what height of
How much water (cm) should be applied to make the soil reach C. of C. up to a depth of 80 cm?

Porosidad = 50%; Densidad real = 2.6 g/cm3

5. There is a soil in which a volume of 1000 cm3it would have 340 cm3from water to C. of C. The
Porosity is 54%. What volume of water does the arable layer (15 cm deep) require for
hectare to remain at C. of C. if the soil is at P.M.P.?

A sample of wet soil has a volume of 150 cm3, a wet mass of 240 g and a
space occupied by air of 0.15 cm3/cm3If the particle density is 2.65 g/cm3Calculate:

a) Apparent density based on dry mass.

b) Moisture content based on mass.

c) Moisture content based on volume.

d) Total porosity.

7. It is known that watering a soil that is at field capacity with a water height of 16 cm results in C.
C. up to a depth of 80 cm. To C. of C. The moisture content based on volume is
0.4 cm3/cm3Indicate:

a) Soil field capacity.

b) Permanent wilting point.

c) Usable humidity (%).

d) What soil depth remains at C. de C. after irrigating for 20 hours, if the speed
average infiltration is 0.8 cm/h. At the moment when irrigation begins, the soil has a
contenido de humedad de 10% (con base en la masa)?

Porosidad del suelo = 50%; Dr = 2.6g/cm3

The moisture content of a soil at C. of C. is 0.4 cm.3/cm3Indicate the water height (cm)
What needs to be added to this soil to fully replenish the usable moisture in it?
depth of 100 cm.

A soil sample has a moisture content of 35% (based on mass). What

amount of water that should be added to a sample of 1 kg of that soil to achieve its content of
humidity increased to 50%?
10. A soil sample was taken at a depth of 15 cm that weighed 350 g, then it was dried in
an oven at 105°C for 24 hours and its mass was 280 g. If the apparent density of said soil is
of 1.3 g/cm3calculate:

a) The volume of water that the soil sample had in the field.

b) The gravimetric moisture content that the soil sample had in the field.

c) The volumetric moisture content that the soil sample had in the field.

d) The height of water in the first 30 cm of depth of that soil.

e) If subsequently to the soil sampling, 14 mm of rain falls, what depth of

soil is located at C. of C.?

11. Regarding the floor of exercise 11:

a) What volume of water should be added for the moisture content of the sample to reach
C. of C. (40% based on mass)?

b) What height of water should be applied to 1 ha so that the moisture of the first 30 cm of it,
soil reaches C.C. (40% based on mass)?

12. What is the maximum load that a 5m dump truck must withstand?3of capacity if the sand
What transport is completely saturated? Da = 1.8 g/cm3.

13. In order to know the Da of a homogeneous soil, loamy, 80 cm deep

that was saturated, a cube-shaped sample measuring 10 cm on each side was taken, and
it was determined to be 1900 g. The sample was immediately taken to an oven at 105°C until a
constant weight of 1400g.

To know the moisture content at C. of C., this soil was allowed to drain for 24 hours and it
took a sample that gave the following results: 1570 g and 1250 g in wet and dry mass,
respectively.

To determine the P.M.P., a sample was placed in a pressure plate at 15 bars that weighed 1320.
in wet condition, when dried in an oven at 105°C it weighed 1175 g. Knowing the moisture content of
said ground to C. of C. and P.M.P. I will determine:

a) If the U.R. is 30%, how many grams of water would need to be added to a cylindrical planter of 40?
cm high and 30 cm in diameter that is filled with this soil?

b) How many m3of water per hectare exists in the soil at the moment when it has ceased
drainage of excess water?
14. Calculate the volume of water in half a hectare of soil that has a content of
humedad de un 23% Da= 1.35 g/ cm3and a depth of 75 cm.

15. It is determined that the porosity of mineral soil is 50%, it is known that 12 are needed.
cm of water to saturate the entire profile from C. de C. 3.5 cm is required to take it from a
moisture content of 18% up to C. of C. What is the depth of the profile?

16. A soil has a C. of C. of 18% and a porosity of 55%. What volume of water would it drain?
for each cubic centimeter of soil if it were saturated?

17. In a flowerpot, what is the amount of water needed to saturate the soil if it is known that its
volume is 950 cm3C. of C. 27 %, P.M.P. 10 %, Pw 20 % and its Da 1.32 g/cm3?

18. Determine Hd and Hsat in a soil at a depth of 60 cm that has a C.C. of 27.7
%, P.M.P. 13%, Pv 23% and a porosity of 50.1%

19. If: C. of C. 27.3%, P.M.P. 14%, Pw 19.7%, Da 1.4 g/cm3and H 83 cm.

a) Determine the porosity

b) What % of pores is filled with water?

c) If there is a rainfall of 14 mm, what is the height of soil wetting?

20. A sample of wet soil has a mass of 1000 g and a volume of 640 cm3Upon being
Dried in an oven at 105 °C for 24 hours, its dry mass was 800g. Calculate the density.
apparent, the volume of water and the volume of dry soil. Assume a true density of 2.65 g/cm3.

21. A soil presents the following characteristics:

Depth C. of C. (%) P.M.P. (%) Da (g/cm3) E(%) Pw (%)

(cm)
0-25 30 15 1.35 48 22
25-50 28 12 1.4 47 21
50-88 26 11 1.41 47 20

a) Determine the usable moisture.

b) Determine the moisture deficit.

c) How deep does a 30 mm rain wet C. de C.?

d) Determine saturation humidity from Pw.

22. For a soil with the following characteristics:

Profundidad (cm) C. of C. (%) P.M.P. ( %) Da (g/cm3)

0-30 30 15 1.35

30-80 28 13 1.4

80 Impermeable stratum

a) Calculate the water sheet that should be applied to leave a groundwater level at 40 cm from the
surface.

b) If it rains 45 mm before irrigation, does the water table form or not? If it does, at what depth?
from the surface? Consider a U.R. 25%.

23. There are 5 hectares of alfalfa with a root depth of 80 cm, it is being irrigated with a UR.
of 30% in a soil with the following characteristics:

Depth C. de C. (%) P.M.P. (%) Da (g/cm)3)

0-25 30 12 1.41
25-45 30 12 1.42

45-80 28 11 1.35

a) If it rains 25 mm before irrigation, how deep does the soil become moist?

b) If there is an impermeable layer at 80 cm, what amount of rain will leave a water table at 25?
cm of the surface?
24. A soil has the following characteristics:

Depth C. of C. % P.M.P. % Yes Pw %

0-17 59.5 26.4 0.94 30

17-28 67.1 35.7 0.79 35

28-43 61.6 38.6 0.71 40

43-67 55.0 37.2 0.98 55

67-98 55.5 38.5 0.94 55.5

98-120 57.5 40.7 0.89 57.5

a) Calculate the porosity (%)

b) Determine the usable moisture.

c) Determine the moisture deficit.

d) How deep did the C. of C. soil remain after a 50 mm rainfall?

25. Samples were taken from two soil strata with a cylinder 10 cm long and 5 cm in diameter.
radio, it was then determined as follows:

Depth CC (%) P.M.P. (%) Da (g/cm)3)

0-30 30 15 1.35

30-80 28 13 1.40

a) If the UR is 30%, how many cubic meters of water should be applied per hectare?

b) If 45 mm of rain falls before irrigation, is a groundwater level formed or not? If it is formed, how far up to
what depth?

c) If a sample of 100 cm is taken3from the first layer before watering, how much would it weigh
that sample?