2nd Year of High School

Literature–Teacher Ciomara - Activity 001

→ Romanticism in Brazil (revision of chapters 1 and 2, unit 1, book 1A)

1) The following excerpt is part of the poem 'Youth and Death,' by the romantic poet Castro Alves:
Oh! I want to live, to drink perfumes In your fire kisses there is so much life...
In the wildflower, which perfumes the air; Wandering Arab, I will sleep in the afternoon
To see my soul leave into the infinite, In the cool shade of the upright palm tree.
What white candle in the expanse of the seas. But a dark voice answers me:
In the bosom of a woman there is so much aroma... You will have sleep under the cold slab.
This poem, as the title itself suggests, addresses the poet's discontent with the anticipation of premature death, still in
youth. The image of death appears in the word:
to embalm. to sleep.
b) infinite. they are.
c) amplitude.

2) Read the excerpt.

Pale, in the light of the gloomy lamp, It was the sea virgin! In the cold foam
Reclined on the bed of flowers, By the tide of the cradled waters!
Like the moon by embalming night, It was an angel among the dawn clouds
Among the clouds of love, she slept! That in dreams she bathed and forgot!
The woman frequently appears in the poetry of Álvares de Azevedo as a figure:
a) sensual. natural.
b) concrete. e) inaccessible.
next.

3) Read the excerpt.

Oh warriors of the Tupi Tribe
Oh warriors, hear my songs.
The generation of romantic poetry represented there is:
pre-romantic. d) ail of the century.
b) social. ultraromantic.
c) Indianist.

The impossibility of achieving the absolute dream of the Self generates unease, despair, frustration, which sometimes leads to
suicide, reflecting the evasion in death, a definitive solution for the:
a) cult of the real. evil of the century.
b) nationalism. e) Indianism.
c) cult of the fantastic.

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5) Read the excerpt.
My land has palm trees
Where the thrush sings
As aves que aqui gorjeiam
They don't chirp like there.
The above fragment, from a poem by Gonçalves Dias, characterizes the:
a) nationalism. d) pessimism.
b) disease of the century. e) phantasmagoric.
c) cult of the fantastic.

Read the fragment.

Song of the Tamoio (Natalícia)
Don't cry, my son: Life is a struggle,
Do not cry, for life That the weak shall fall,
It's a fierce struggle: That the strong, the brave,
To live is to fight. Only can exalt.
The Indianism of our romantic poets is
a) a way of presenting the Indian in all his objective reality; the Indian as an ethnic element of the future Brazilian race.
b) a way to reconstruct the serious danger that the indigenous people represented during the establishment of the captaincy of São Vicente.
c) a French model followed in Brazil; a need for exoticism that is no different from the European model.
a way to lyrically eternalize the acceptance, by the Indian, of the new civilization that was settling in.
e) a way of presenting the indigenous person as an aesthetic motif; idealization with sympathy and pity; exaltation of bravery, of
heroism and all superior moral qualities.

7) Read the fragment.

From the tamarind, the flower lies half-open,
Now releases the sweetest aroma,
Also my heart, like these
flowers
the best perfume at the foot of the night exudes!
It is possible to recognize, in the above stanza, an example of the current.
a) Baroque, by the image that evokes nature as a symbol of the transience of life.
b) Arcadian, for the poet reveals his love for an idealized nature.
c) romantic, through the identification of human feelings with aspects of nature.
d) parnasian, by presenting nature as an image of perfection.
e) symbolist, because nature is just a resource that the poet transcends, reaching a level of complete spirituality.

8)(PUC-PR) Read the excerpt.

In the dead hours of the night When the majestic moon
How sweet it is to meditate Rising beautiful and lovely,
When the stars twinkle Like a vain maiden
On the calm waves of the sea! It will mirror in the waters!

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The first stanza of the poem 'Saudades' by Casimiro de Abreu demonstrates the author's tendency to:
a) to use a flowery, complex language.
b) to reflect on nature, without making value judgments.
c) to address themes common to human subjectivity.
to extravasate feelings of deep sadness.
e) analyze the theme of saudade, expressing exacerbated sensuality.

9) Read the excerpt.

MUITO ROMÂNTICO(Caetano Veloso)
I have nothing to do with this nor come talk I make my syllable sound in time
I can't understand your logic I only sing what is asked to be sung
My sung word can scare away I am what sounds, I do not sugarcoat.
And to his ears it seems exotic All I want
But the fact is that I can't let myself It is a perfect major chord
Let this conversation go as it hasn't worked out. With everyone able to shine in the song
I think nothing is left to keep I sing only what can no longer be silenced
Of the very little that there was between you and me In other words, I am very romantic.
No force will make me silent
Although it is not from the romantic chronological period, this song by Caetano Veloso presents characteristics of
Romanticism.
Select the options that confirm this statement:
There is an overflow of individual emotion, subjectivism.
II—Extreme concern with form.
III—The reasons of the heart and individual rebellion.
IV—Freedom of thought.
a) I, II, III, IV. d) II, III, IV.
b) I, III, IV. e) I, II, III.
c) I, II, IV.

10) Read the excerpt of the song 'Sadness', by Vinícius de Moraes.

Sadness
Please go away
My soul that cries
Are you seeing my end (...)
My suffering is already too much
I want to return to that life of joy
I want to sing again
In the verses of this popular song, the lyrical I stands in opposition to one of the characteristics of Romanticism:
a) the emphasis on the poetic exploitation of the local landscape. the poet's escape into a historical past.
b) the break with established values. e) the cult of reason, to the detriment of emotions.
c) the taste for melancholy and suffering.

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DISCUSSIVE QUESTIONS

ATTENTION: Remember that your response must always be in the form of a clear, coherent, and cohesive text, with
introduction, development and conclusion; always following the standard norm of the language. And, furthermore, you should always
exemplify your arguments with elements from the text.

1) The poetic excerpts are part of Gonçalves Dias' work. It is up to you to analyze them, taking into account the
characteristics that marked the first romantic phase.
Exile Song I-Juca Pirama
My land has palm trees, Our sky has more My song of death, From the thriving tribe,
Where the Sabiá sings; stars, Warriors, listen: That now wanders errantly
The birds that chirp here, Our floodplains have more I am a child of the jungles, By inconsistent fate,
They do not sing like there. flowers, I grew up in the jungles; Warriors, I was born;
Our forests have more Warriors, descending I am fierce, I am strong,
life From the Tupi tribe. I am a child of the North;
Our life more loves. My death song,
Warriors, listen.

2)(FUVEST)

I. Pale in the light of the gloomy lamp II. One night, I remember... she was sleeping
Reclined on the bed of flowers In a gently leaning net...
Like the moon through the embalmed night Almost open the robe... let my hair down
Among the clouds of love she slept! (Álvares de Azevedo) And the bare foot on the close carpet. (Castro Alves)

The two texts present different conceptions of the figure of women. If both texts are romantic, how to explain the
difference in the treatment of the theme? Point out in both texts contrasting situations that reveal these different conceptions.

Read the texts to answer the following questions.

TEXT 1 - Love (Álvares de Azevedo - 1831-1852) TEXT 2 - I Know That I Will Love You
Let's love! I want love Vinícius de Moraes–1913-1980
To live in your heart! I know that I will love you
To suffer and love this pain For all my life, I will love you.
Faints from passion! Em cada despedida eu vou te amar
In your charms Desperately
And in your paleness I know that I will love you
And in your burning tears
And every verse of mine will be to tell you
Because I know that I will love you
Throughout my life

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To sigh with languor! And every verse of mine will be to tell you
I want to drink from your lips That I know I will love you
Your loves from heaven, Throughout my life
I want to die in your embrace
I do not rise from your breast! I know that I will cry
I want to live in hope, With each of your absences, I will cry,
I want to shake and feel! But each turn of Yours will erase
In your fragrant braid What this absence of yours has caused me
I want to dream and sleep!
Come, angel, my maiden, Eu sei que vou sofrer
My soul, my heart! The eternal misadventure of living in wait
What a night, what a beautiful night! To live by your side
How sweet is the change of wind! For all my life.
And among the sighs of the wind I know
From night to soft freshness, I will love you.
I want to live a moment,
To die with you of love!
[Link]
[Link]

3) Based on the reading of TEXT 1, answer.

a) Explain how the romantic poet sees the feeling of love. Justify your arguments with elements from the text.

b) Identify and explain what romantic characteristics are present in this poem. Justify your answer with
elements of the poem.

4) Based on the reading of TEXT 1 and TEXT 2, answer.

a) In Romanticism, it is common for a man to pay a 'loving vassalage' to a woman, adopting a behavior that
It resembles that of medieval knights. Highlight and explain at least one verse from each text in which this occurs.
characteristic manifests.

b) Can we affirm that these texts belong to the same stylistic trend, despite being from different periods?
Support your arguments with elements from the texts.

ANSWER KEY:
A 6) E
2) E 7) C
C 8) E
4) D 9) B
5) A 10) C

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DISCURSIVE:
1)Ambos os textos, de Gonçalves Dias, ilustram a primeira fase romântica no Brasil, pois apresentam nacionalismo
fanaticism; idealizes the heroic figure of the Indian and the exotic nature, as we see in: "Our floodplains have more
flowers," and in: "Warriors, descending/ From the tupi tribe." To build a national identity, since it was a time of
Independence of Brazil.
In the first text, the woman is viewed through the pessimistic lens of the malady of the century, the lyrical self idealizes the deceased beloved and the

describes sensually, in a coffin, 'Reclining on a bed of flowers.' In the second text, the beloved is
described with eroticism and in an embodied way, participating in the game of romantic seduction: 'Almost open the robe...'
loose the hair.” Therefore, both texts idealize the loved ones, but one is the dead woman and the other is the active woman.
The lyrical I sees love as something greater than life and death itself, idealizing the feeling so much that it cries out for
death, as an escape from earthly suffering: 'I want to live a moment,/ Die with you out of love!'. We have
a typical vision of the evil of the century.
b) This poem presents pessimism, escapism, and the idealization of feelings, as we see in: "To suffer and
to love this pain." Thus, we observe the traits of the second romantic generation.
In both poems, we observe the behavior of loving vassalage, as the lyrical self positions itself as a servant.
from your beloved: "I want to drink from your lips/ Your loves from heaven," and in: "The eternal misfortune of living in waiting/
To live beside you." Both poems place the lyrical I as submissive in relation to the divinized loved ones.
b) Both poems reveal a romantic tendency of idealizing love and the beloved: 'To live in your heart!' and
I will love you for all my life.

Hot tip!

Remember to read the books:

1) I-Juca Pirama, de Gonçalves Dias
2) Lira dos vinte anos, de Álvares de Azevedo
3) O navio negreiro, de Castro Alves
Our readings of the quarter!
All available in the digital library of the Edros Portal!