The Reproductive System
Q1. How many seminiferous tubules are present per testicular lobule?
Options:
(a) 1-3
(b) 500
(c) 1000
(d) At maximum 10
Ans. (a)
Solution:
Each testicular lobule contains 1 to 3 seminiferous tubules, where sperm production occurs.
The testes contain approximately 250 lobules, and the seminiferous tubules connect to the
rete testis, which then leads to the epididymis through the vasa efferentia. This structure is
essential for the development and storage of sperm.
Q2. Corpus luteum in mammals is present in :
Options:
(a) Brain and connects the two cerebral hemispheres
(b) Ovaries and produces progesterone hormone
(c) Heart and initiates atrial contraction
(d) Skin and acts as a pain receptor
Ans. (b)
Solution:
The corpus luteum is formed from the follicular cells of the empty Graafian follicle after
ovulation. It is located in the ovaries and plays a crucial role in secreting progesterone and a
smaller amount of estradiol. Progesterone is essential for maintaining the uterine lining and
supporting early pregnancy if fertilization occurs.
Q3. What are the signs of puberty in human male and females ?
Solution:
Signs of Puberty in Human Males:
1. Change of Voice: The voice deepens due to the growth of the larynx and vocal cords.
2. Discharge of Semen: The onset of ejaculation indicates the development of
reproductive capabilities.
Signs of Puberty in Human Females:
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1. Appearance of Menstruation: The onset of menstrual cycles signifies reproductive
maturity.
2. Development of Mammary Glands: Breast development occurs as part of sexual
maturation.
3. Widening of Hips: Changes in body shape, including hip widening, prepare the body
for potential childbirth.
Q4. Give two important unique features of the human reproductive system.
Solution:
Two Important Unique Features of the Human Reproductive System:
1. Longest Reproductive Phase: Humans have an extended reproductive phase, with
females capable of reproduction from puberty until menopause, spanning several
decades.
2. No Specific Breeding Season: Unlike many animals that have specific mating
seasons, humans can conceive and reproduce at any time throughout the year,
allowing for greater flexibility in reproduction.
Q5. (i) Name the female sex hormones and structures which secrete them.
(ii) How is the foetus protected ?
Solution:
(i) Female Sex Hormones and Their Structures:
1. Oestrogen: Produced by the ovarian follicles and the placenta during pregnancy.
2. Progesterone: Secreted by the corpus luteum after ovulation and by the placenta
during pregnancy.
3. Relaxin: Produced by the ovary and the placenta, playing a role in pregnancy and
childbirth.
(ii) Protection of the Foetus:
The human foetus is protected by the amnion layer, which contains amniotic fluid that
cushions and provides a stable environment. Additionally, the yolk sac contributes to early
nutrition and further protection during the initial stages of development.
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