1. Oktaviani, srikandi. A pragmatic analysis of illocutionary act in home alone 3 movie.

Curup: STAIN curup A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IN HOME ALONE 3 MOVIE This research concerns about Pragmatic Analysis of Illocutionary Act in Home Alone 3 Movie. The question of this research are what kind of illocutionary act in home alone 3from John Hughes and Hilton Green Movie as it is understood by the interlocutors and what are the function of illocutionary act in home alone 3from John Hughes and Hilton Green Movie as it is understood by the interlocutors. The theory are pragmatic as branch of linguistic which studying structure of language externally, speech act and kinds of act further more in kinds of act there are lucutionary act, Illocutionary act, and Perlocutionary act. This research is descriptive qualitative that focused to illocutionary act of the utterances in script from Home Alone 3 Movie. The resource data of this research is primary data which was interconnected directly or reference to problem of the research and directly from the source (the dialogue that exist illocutionary act from the Home Alone 3 Movie ). The techniques of collecting data in this research are selective listening and observation method. The first is selective listening to decide what the elements of language which become the target, then observe all emergences. And the target language is kinds of illocutionary act. Besides selective listening, the research uses a checklist about the speect act especially kind of illocutionary act. In this research the researcher uses the equal (equivalent) method in pragmatic, where the instrument are the speaker. Analysis the data in this research uses qualitative analysis. The steps are : A set of data are presented dealing with the objectives of the study, Collect the data from dialogue of Home Alone 3 Movie, Choose the dialogue and classify them in their type. There are the dialogue which exist speech act unsure especially kinds of illocutionary act like : assertive,

directive, commisive, expressive and declarative, After collecting data, they are analyzed based on the qualitative method, Describing and explaining what kind of illocutionary act in home alone 3 movie, Expalining the function of illocutionary act in home alone 3 movie, Make the conclution based on data. 2. Astria, yuni. pragmatic analysis on directive utterance in the film of forest Gump. Curup: STAIN curup PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS ON DIRECTIVE UTTERANCE IN THE FILM OF FORREST GUMP ( A PRAGMATIC STUDY ON FORREST GUMP FILM). This research concerns about Pragmatic Analysis on Directive Utterance in the Film of Forrest Gump ( A Pragmatic Study on Forrest Gump Film). The question are what are the function of directive utterances in Forrest Gump film and what are the relationships between structural form and general communication function of directive utterance in Forrest Gump film. This research theory are Pragmatic, directive speech act involve declarative, interrogative, imperative, next is implicature that contain of conversational implicature and conventional implicature. The kind of this research is descriptive qualitative research in which focus on the analysis of textual dat (form of words) rather than number. All of the data of this research are taken from scripts of Forrest Gump film, the dialogues spoken by the characters. There are 63 data which contain directive purposes. To collect the data the research use document from the movie and collected by observation, the researcher use grand organization and reading the script. This research uses content analysis is a procedure fot the catagorization of verbal or behavioral, for purposes of classification, summarization and tabulation and the basic of analysis is a descriptive account of the data.

3. Ruwidhani, presupposition and entailment analysis of harry potter novel. Curup: STAIN curup PRESUPPOSITION AND ENTAILMENT ANALYSIS OF HARRY POTTER NOVEL This research concerns about presupposition and entailment analysis of harry potter novel. The question is what kind of presupposition and entailment analysis in Harry novel. This research theory are pragmatic and presupposition. This research is descriptive qualitative method. The object of the research is the utterance produced the main actor in the Harry Potter novel, namely Harry. The researcher collects the data by observation so that The researcher observe the utterance related presupposition by using the checklist designed based on the component of facet according the concept of presupposition, and The researcher collect the docement related resources such as, collecting the related presupposition on the harry potter novel. The observation is used to observe the component of facet involved in presupposition. Its result will be filled in the checklist form for each concept as the first step to analyze the data. The step used to observe are Collecting the data, classfying the instrument, concluding the instrument, analyzing the data based on the instrument. 4. Riandari, widia. Pragmatic analysis of reference and inference on titanic film. Curup: STAIN curup PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF REFERENCE AND INFERENCE ON TITANIC FILM. This research concerns about Pragmatic Analysis Of Reference And Inference On Titanic Film. we always uses reference and inference in our daily communication. The

questions are what are the effects of zero anophoraobout speaker or listener? And what are the performance of the role of co-contex and the context on titanic film?. This research is descriptive qualitative that focused to illocutionary act of the utterances in script from Home Alone 3 Movie. The context of the research are utterances of the actor on Titanic film script which is have reference and inference element on titanic film. It investigates the utterance which have reference and inference conflict in the role of co-text and the zero anophora. Data collection techniques are observation, getting the script, reading and watching the film, coding data, classifying, and analyzing. The steps to analysis this research are identify the data, clarifying the data, coding the data, and selecting the data. 5. Wijayanti, emi. a pragmatics analysis of deixis used in english translation of bukhori hadith. Curup: STAIN curup. A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS USED IN ENGLISH OF BUKHORI HADITH This research concerns about A Pragmatics Analysis Of Deixis Used In English Translation Of Bukhori Hadith. This research theory are The Notion of Pragmatics, the notion of deixis, kind of deixis, types of personal deixis, and instrument to find references and function of personal deixis. This research is presented through descriptive qualitative style, that is by using verbal interpretation not in numerical. They can be organized to permit the researcher to contrast, compare, analyze, and bestow patterns upon them. The object of this research is the personal deictic; the data are personal pronoun, while the source of data is English Translation of Bukhori Hadith in chapter about Tayamum, Prayer and Hiring that is translated by Dr. Ahmad Zidan and Mrs. Dina Zidan. The data collection technique are Non Participant observing technique, reading the script, coding the data, classifying, analyzing. The steps to analize the data are Classifying the types of TRANSLATION

personal deixis in English Translation of Bukhori Hadith by referring to Yules theory about types of personal deixis. Describing the reference of deixis by referring to Hurford and Brendan theory of deixis, that is reported speech. Classifying the functions of personal deixis in English Translation of Bukhori Hadith by theory of syntactic function.

6. Buyonge, creck. Presupposition and implicature in the use of modal constructions, conditionals and honorifics in ekegusii. Njoro: Egerton University PRESUPPOSITION AND IMPLICATURE IN THE USE OF MODAL CONSTRUCTIONS, CONDITIONALS AND HONORIFICS IN EKEGUSII The thesis is cast within a pragmatic framework, an approach that studies language by making reference to aspects of context and what they contribute towards describing and understanding language. Specifically, this thesis deals with the expression of pragmatic meaning (presupposition and implicature) in the use of ekegusii modals, conditionals and honorifics. These research theories are reviewing the pertinent literature on presupposition and implicature, modality, conditionals and honorifics. The research was carried out in Nyamira District, Kenya. Data on modal constructions and conditionals was collected from natural conversational settings, the language data being recorded on cards as it occurred without researcher intervention. For honorifics, a combination of unobtrusive observation and oral interview. The research findings demonstrate that each of the Ekegusii language categories studied conveys certain presupposition and implicatures, compelling us to uphold the initial hypotheses, namely (a) the pragmatic use of Ekegusii modal constructions determines our inference of their presuppositions and implicatures; (b) the pragmatic use of Ekegusii conditionals determines our inference of their presuppositions and implicatures; and (c) the pragmatic use of honorifics in Ekegusii determines the presuppositions and implicatures they convey.

7. Betzner, Anne,E.(desember, 2008) Pragmatic and Dialectic Mixed Method Approaches: An Empirical Comparison. The University Of Minnesota PRAGMATIC AND DIALECTIC MIXED METHOD APPROACHES: AN EMPIRICAL COMPARISON This study empirically compares the dialectic and pragmatic approaches to mixed methods and probes key issues underlying the methodology, including unique yield from mixed method studies, the importance of paradigmatic divergence between methods, and the financial demands of mixed method studies. The research questions include the following: What are the substantive findings of single methods? What findings converge and diverge? What findings are unique?, What are the substantive findings of pragmatic versus dialectic mixed method studies? How are the two mixed method study findings similar and different from one another? What unique information do the mixed method findings produce over and above single methods?, To what extent are the inferences drawn from single method findings meeting key criteria for validity / trustworthiness? To what extent are inferences drawn from single method and mixed method findings valid / trustworthy according to The Program Evaluation Standards (Joint Committee, 1994)? How do stakeholders view the credibility and utility of single method findings and mixed method findings? What do they see as the advantages and disadvantages of mixing? What are their prior beliefs about the credibility of diverse methods and paradigms? The theories are paradigms, An Historical Review of Mixed Methods, Applying Pragmatism to Mixed Methods, Applying Dialectics to Mixed Methods, Validity. This study investigates mixed methods in order to provide evidence to assist

evaluators and applied researchers to optimize their designs of mixed method research and evaluation. the research methods employed in the study in four sections. First, an overview of the methodology will be described. Second, a timeline for the secondary data is presented. Third, the overarching methodology and rationale for this dissertation study is discussed.

Last, the specific research methods utilized to answer research questions 1 through 5 are presented. The evaluation data collection period spans from December 2003 to May 2006 and involves three data collection methods: a telephone survey that includes data collection at intake, 6-months post-enrollment and 18-months post enrollment; focus groups and interviews. 8. Bentahar, jamal. ( April 2005). A Pragmatic and Semantic Unified Framework for Agent Communication. University of laval quebec A PRAGMATIC AND SEMANTIC UNIFIED FRAMEWORK FOR AGENT COMMUNICATION The first problem that we address in this thesis is the lack of flexibility in most current agent communication protocols (FIPA Interaction Protocols, 2001, 2002). Based on the problems above, the research question follow: How may autonomous agents participate in conversations in a flexible way?, How can we unify these approaches?, How can the link between pragmatics and semantics be established in such an Approach?, How can we formally specify and verify the agent communication Mechanisms?. In the literature, three main approaches have been proposed for modeling agent communication: the mental approach, the social approach, and the argumentative approach. At the beginning of this thesis, we studied research work done in the domain of agent communication. Researcher noticed that the classical protocols used in this field are not suitable in the context of MASs in which agents are autonomous. Particularly, we noted the absence of the reasoning aspect in these protocols. For this reason, we looked at the work done in another field: argumentation and defensible reasoning. Researcher had the idea to combine an approach proposed in the domain of agent communication, the social approach, which has the advantage of being semantically verifiable and an argumentative approach.

9. Al farsi, june (2008). Morphological Awareness and Its Relationship to Vocabulary Knowledge and Morphological Complexity among Omani EFL University Students. The university of Queensland MORPHOLOGICAL AWARENESS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE AND MORPHOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY AMONG OMANI EFL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS The study attempts to address the aspects of morphological awareness as demonstrated by Omani EFL learners, and the correlation between morphological awareness and vocabulary size and morphological complexity. The study will investigate the following questions : To what extent are students aware of analytic and synthetic word formation rules?, How does this awareness related to vocabulary size? Does morphological awareness discriminate between the students performance on complex word and simple words?. The theories of this research are Morphology and Lexicon, Morphological Awareness and Vocabulary, Knowledge Morphological Awareness: CrossLinguistic Variation. As the data collected in this study is quantitative, descriptive statistics and correlation are reported. Mean and standard deviation are used to summarize the results of the Morpheme Identification Test, the Morphological Structure Test, and the Vocabulary Level Test. Skewed distribution in both of the variables (morphological awareness and vocabulary size) is detected, and this is taken into account in statistical analysis. Brown (1988) states, skewedness tends to depress correlation coefficient (p. 146). Skewedness indicates that Spearmans rho is a better measure of the strength and direction of the association. 10. Youssefi, kazem (march 2009) An analysis of the translation of metaphors in Hafizs selected poems. Malaysia: university sains Malaysia

AN ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATION OF METAPHORS IN HAFIZS SELECTED POEMS This research will look at Hafizs poems and discusses the intricacies of translating them. Next the main problems faced by the translators in translating metaphors will be discussed. Hafizs poems were unknown to English readers until around the eighteenth century when his poems were translated into English. The above objectives should be achieved via the following research questions: What metaphorical aspects and messages of Hafiz's poems have not been adequately translated and thus have been ignored? Which of the translators has been more successful in translating Hafizs metaphors?. The current research aims at the world of the translations of Hafizs poems to investigate the translation of metaphors in his selected lyrics. To perform this task, the study considers: Identifies and analyzes seven lyrics which contain metaphors. Compares the translations of the selected lyrics by Gertrude Lowthian Bell (1897), Wilberforth Clarke (1891), Arthur John Arberry (1977), and Shahriaris translation (2005). The objectives of the study are to: Identify the metaphors in Hafiz's selected poetry Analyze how these metaphors have been translated Assess the translation strategy Suggest other strategies for translating the metaphors.