National University of the Peruvian Amazon

Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science

Operational Research - I Page 1/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

FORMULATION OF PROBLEMS

Problem 01:
A company manufactures two products P1 and P2, each requiring components C1 and
C2 the availability of components and selling price is shown in the following
frame:
Product Components Selling Price
C1 C2 (S/./Unit)
P1 1 2 4
P2 3 1 3
Dispose 15000 10000
It is requested to formulate the problem and optimize sales revenue.

Solution 01:

Xi = unidades del producto a producir (i = 1, 2)

Objective Function: max Z = 4X1+ 3X2

Restrictions:
X1+ 3X2<= 15,000
2X1+ X2<= 10,000
X1, X2>= 0

For the problem, the objective function Z = 4X1+ 3X2indicates that X1 are the units of the
Product 1 whose selling price is 4 soles, X2 are the units of product 2 whose
The selling price is 3 soles. This function called objective will be optimal if we consider
the mentioned restrictions, namely the units of product X1 plus the units
the product of X2 multiplied by 3 must be less than 15,000 units.

This problem seeks to find a mathematical equation that optimizes income.

sales, that is to say, it is more profitable to choose a certain number of
components for the preparation of each product.

Likewise, it not only consists of finding the mathematical formula but also in
function a series of constraints for optimization to be achieved.

Problem 02:
The production capacities of product P from factories A and B, the costs per
transported unit to consumption centers C1and C2and their demands are
how does it continue:

Factory Transport Costs (S/. / Unit) Production

C1 C2 Unit
A 5 10 300
B 12 3 400
Demand 250 350
National University of the Amazon of Peru
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Informatics
Operational Research - I Page 2/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

(Unit)

The problem is to formulate and minimize the total transportation cost.

Solution 02:

Xij =unidades transportadas de la fábrica i (i = 1,2) al centro de consumo j (j = 1,2)

Función Objetivo:mín Z = 5X11+ 10X12+ 12X21+ 3X22

Restrictions:
Factory A: X11+ X12<= 300
Factory B: X21+ X22<= 400

Consumption Center C1: X11+ X21>= 250

C2 Consumption Center: X12+ X22greater than or equal to 350

This problem seemed very interesting to include because it involves minimizing the
transport costs through a mathematical model considering constraints that
They occur in production (factory capacity) and in demand.

The objective function takes the unit costs for the transported units of
each factory towards each consumption center.

Problem 03:
The production capacity of TEXTIL-PERU is 900 units per month.
unit production costs and the monthly sales commitment to EXPORT-PERU
they are as follows:

Mes Costo de Producción

Sales (Units)
(S/. / units)
1 100 300
2 150 350
3 200 400
The problem is requested to be stated:

Solution 03:
Xi = Producción en el mes i (i=1,2,3)

Función Objetivo: min Z = 100X1+ 150X2+200X3

Restrictions:
Month 1: X1<= 900
X1>= 300

Month 2: X2<= 900

National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 3/49
(Problems from San Marcos)

X1+ X2>= 650

Month 3: X3<= 900

X1+ X2+ X3greater than or equal to 1050

The objective of this problem is to minimize costs based on a series of

restrictions (production capacity and sales commitment).
The objective function is based on the product of unit costs and units.
produce. The restrictions consider the sales commitments for each month.

Problem 04:
FLORANID S.A. is a company dedicated to the commercialization of fertilizers.
plants that use 3 different types of ingredients A, B, and C, to obtain 3 types
of credits 1, 2, and 3.

Regarding the ingredients, their availability is limited and their costs are
following:
AVAILABLE QUANTITY COSTS
INGREDIENT
(kg) (pts/kg)
A 4,000 1.300
B 6,000 1,500
C 2,000 1.000
The costs of the subscriptions are:
Fertilizer 1 2,000 pts/kg
Fertilizer 2 3,000 pts/kg
Fertilizer 3 1500 pts/kg.

In addition to the above, the ingredients must be mixed in specific proportions.

to ensure a proper combination:

For fertilizer 1, no less than 25% of A and no more than 40% of C; for fertilizer 2, not
less than 30% of A, no less than 20% nor more than 30% of B and no more than 15% of
C; and for the fertilizer 3, no less than 35% of B.

With all the information that FLORANID S.A. has provided us, they ask us to
let's determine: How much of each type of fertilizer needs to be produced so that
is the company's profit maximized?

Thus, with the provided data, we can build a first outline that allows us to
will allow the development of the linear programming model for the resolution of the problem:

SUBSCRIPTION QUANTITY
COSTS
INGREDIENTS AVAILABLE
1 2 3 (pts/kg)
(kg)
A X11 X12 X13 4000 1300
B X21 X22 X23 6000 1500
C X31 X32 X33 2000 1000
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 4/49
San Marquinos Problems

DECISION VARIABLES

Xijamount of ingredient of type for each type of fertilizer.

RESTRICTIONS

X11+ X12+ X13≤4000

X21+ X22+ X23≤6000 Availability restrictions
X31+ X32+ X33≤2000

0.75 X11-0.25 X21- 0.25 X31greater than or equal to 0

0.60 X31- 0.40 X11- 0.40 X21greater than or equal to 0
0.70 X12-0.30 X22- 0.30 X32greater than or equal to 0
0.80 X22- 0.20 X12- 0.20 X32greater than or equal
Specific mixing restrictions
to zero
0.70 X22- 0.30 X12- 0.30 X32greater than or equal to 0
0.85 X32- 0.15 X22-0.15 X12greater than or equal to 0
0.65 X23-0.35 X13- 0.35 X33greater than or equal to zero

OBJECTIVE FUNCTION Bº = Income - Expenses

Fertilizer 1:

2000(X11+ X21+ X311300X11– 1500X21- 1000X31= 700X11+ 500X21+ 1000X31

Fertilizer 2:

3000(X12+ X22+ X321300X12- 1500X22– 1000X32= 1700X12+ 1500X22+ 2000X32

Fertilizer 3:

1500(X13+ X23+ X331300X13– 1500X23– 1000X33= 200X13+ 500X33

Max (700X11+ 1700X12+ 200X13+ 500X21+ 1500X22+ 1000X31+ 2000X32+ 500X33)

Thus, once the decision variables, the objective function, and the
restrictions subject to it, we have worked on the data to proceed with its resolution.
Therefore, the following table shows the summary of the optimal solution found.
through the calculations, and on the next page we present the final table of
SIMPLEX.
OPTIMAL SOLUTION:
X11= 0 S1= 0
X12= 4000 S23328
X13= 0 S3= 0
X21= 0 S4= 0
X22= 2182 S5equals zero
X23= 490 S61818
X31= 0 S7= 727
X32= 1091 S8= 0
National University of the Amazon Peru
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 5/49
(Problems of San Marquinos)

X33= 909 S9= 0

Z = 12700000 S10= 0

This table mainly highlights the presence of 10 slack variables (S),

each of which refers to each of the restrictions that condition
to the objective function.

Therefore, since we already know that a basic variable is one whose solution
optimal is different from zero, we could classify the variables of the solution of the
next form:

Basic variables: X12, X22, X23, X32 , X33, S2, S6, S7.

Non-basic variables: X11, X13, X21, X31, S1, S3, S4, S5, S8, S9, S10

Thus, as reflected in the solution of the linear programming model

what we have defined, these would be the combinations of ingredients and the quantities
of fertilizer produced that allow us to maximize profit:

Fertilizer 1:
We do not use any ingredients to obtain this type of fertilizer, so
We are not going to produce anything from him.

Fertilizer 2:
To obtain this type of fertilizer, we will use 4000 kg of ingredient A, 2182
kg of ingredient B and 1091 kg of ingredient C, so we are going to produce and
sell 7273 kg of fertilizer type 1.

Fertilizer 3:
To produce this type of fertilizer, we will use 490 kg of ingredient B and 909 kg.
from ingredient C, without using anything from ingredient A, from which
We will produce and sell 1399 kg of type 3 fertilizer.

Problem 05:

A distilling company has two grades of raw whisky (unblended), I

and II, from which it produces two different brands. The regular brand contains 50% of
each of grades I and II, while the super brand consists of two thirds.
of grade I and one third of grade II. The company has 3000 gallons of
grade I and 2000 gallons of grade II for mixing. Each gallon of the regular brand
produces a profit of $5, while each gallon from the supermarket produces a profit of
$6 How many gallons of each brand should the company produce in order to maximize
its uses?

BRANDS GRADE I GRADE II UTILITY

REGULAR 50% 50% $5
SUPER 75% 25% $6
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 6/49
(San Marquinos Issues)

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the amount of regular brand whiskey in gallons

x2the amount of super brand whiskey in gallons

Max Z = 5x1+ 6x2…….(1)

Subject to:
1500x1+ 1000x2< 3000 …….. (2)
2250x1+ 500x2< 2000 ……….(3) what remains proposed
x1, x20

Problem 06:

A company sells two different mixes of nuts. The mixture more

the cheaper contains 80% peanuts and 20% nuts, while the more expensive
contains 50% of each type. Every week the company obtains 1800 kilos of
peanuts and 1200 kilos of nuts from their supply sources. How many kilos of
each mix should produce in order to maximize profits if the earnings are $
10 per kilo of the cheapest mixture and $15 per kilo of the more expensive mixture
face?

MIXTURE PEANUT NUT EARNINGS BY

WEEK
CHEAP 80% 20% $10 PER KILO
FACE 50% 50% $15 PER KILO

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the amount of the mix of the BARATA brand in kilograms

x2the amount of mix of the CARA brand in kilograms

Max Z = 10x1+ 15x2…….(1)

Subject to:
1440x1+ 240x2< 1800 …….. (2)
900x1+ 600x2< 1200 ……….(3) what remains stated
x1, x20

Problem 07:

(Decisions about production) A company produces two products, A and B. Each

Unit A requires 2 hours on each machine and 5 hours on a second machine.
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 7/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

Each unit of B requires 4 hours on the first machine and 3 hours on the second.
machine. 100 hours are available per week on the first machine and 110 hours
in the second machine. If the company makes a profit of $70 for each unit of
A and $50 for each unit of B. How much should be produced of each unit for the purpose?
to maximize total utility?

PRODUCT HRS HRS UTILITY

MACHINE 1 MACHINE 2
A 2 5 $70 PER KILO
B 4 3 $50 PER KILO

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the quantity of production of A in units

x2the quantity of production of B in units

Max Z = 70x1+ 50x2…….(1)

Subjects to:
2x1+ 4x2< 100 ……... (2)
5x1+ 3x2what remains proposed
x1, x20

Problem 08:

(Decisions about production) In the previous exercise, suppose that an order is received
for 14 units of A per week. If the order must be fulfilled, determine the new value
of the maximum utility.

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the production quantity of A in units

x2the Quantity of production of B in units

Max Z = 70x1+ 50x2…….(1)

Subject to:
2x1 + 4x2< 100 …….. (2)
5x1+ 3x2< 110 ……….(3) what remains posed
x1, x2> 0
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Pág. 8/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

Problem 09:

(Decisions on Production). A manufacturer produces two products, A and B, each one

of which it requires time on three machines, as indicated below:

PRODUCT HRS HRS HRS USEFULNESS

MACHINE 1 MACHINE 2 MACHINE 3
A 2 4 3 $250 PER
KILO
B 5 1 2 $300 POR
KILO

If the number of available hours on the machines per month are 200, 240, and 190 in the
for the first, second, and third cases, respectively, determine how many units
Each product should be produced in order to maximize total utility.

Solution:

What are we going to Maximize?

x1the quantity of production of A in units

x2the quantity of production of B in units

Max Z = 250x1+ 300x2......(1)

Subject to:
2x1+ 5x2< 200 ……... (2)
4 times1+ 1x2< 240 ……...(3)
3x1+ 2x2< 190 ........... (4) what remains posed
x1, x20

Problem 10:

(Production decisions) In the previous exercise, suppose that a sudden drop

the market demand for product A forces the company to increase its
price. If the profit per unit of A increases to $600, determine the new
production program that maximizes total utility.

Solution:
PRODUCT HRS HRS HRS USEFULNESS
{"MÁQUINA 1":"MACHINE 1","MÁQUINA 2":"MACHINE
MACHINE 2"} 3
A 2 4 3 $600 PER
KILO
B 5 1 2 $300 PER
KILO
What are we going to maximize?
National University of the Amazon of Peru
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operations Research - I Page 9/49
San Marquinos Problems

x1the production quantity of A in units

x2the quantity of production of B in units

Max Z = 250x1+ 300x2…….(1)

Subject to:
2x1+ 5x2< 200 ...... (2)
4x1+ 1x2< 240 ……...(3)
3x1+ 2x2< 190 ........... (4) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

Problem 11:

(Decisions about production) In exercise 5, suppose that the manufacturer is forced

due to competition to reduce the profit margin of product B. How much can it decrease?
the usefulness of B before the manufacturer has to change the production program? (The
production program should always be chosen in a way that maximizes total utility.

Solution:
PRODUCT HRS HRS HRS UTILITY
MÁQUINA 1 MÁQUINA 2 MACHINE 3
A 2 4 3 $600 PER
KILO
B 5 1 2 $ X PER KILO
What are we going to maximize?

x1the quantity of production of A in units

x2the production quantity of B in units

but in this case, we must take into account that it should be minimized, now the
The utility of PRODUCT B is reduced by half, therefore
fall

Max Z = 250x1+ 150x2…….(1)

The production program must always be chosen to maximize utility.
total).
Subject to:
2x1+ 5x2< 200 ……... (2)
4x1+ 1x2< 240 ……...(3)
3x1+ 2x2< 190 ........... (4) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

Problem 12:

(Investment decisions) A Finance manager has $1×106of a fund of

pensions, part of which must be invested. The manager has two investments in mind,
some convertible bonds that produce an annual 6% and some mortgage bonds
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 10/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

cash that produces a 10% annual return. According to government regulations, no

More than 25% of the invested amount can be in mortgage bonds. Furthermore, it
the minimum that can be put into mortgage bonds is %100,000. Determine the
amounts of the two investments that will maximize the total investment.

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the amount of investment in conservative bonds

x2the amount of investment in mortgage bonds

Max Z = x1+ x2…….(1)

Subject to:
(0.06)(1,000,000)x1(0.1)(1,000,000)x2(1,000,000)(0.25) ……... (2)
x2100,000 ……... (3)
x1, x20

Problem 13:

(Decisions about crop planting) A farmer has 100 acre-feet in which

You can plant two crops. You have $3000 to cover the planting costs. The
farmer can rely on a total of 1350 man-hours allocated for harvesting
the two crops and the table shows the following data per acre:
CROPS COST OF DEMAND UTILITY
PLANT MAN-HOURS
FIRST $20 5 $ 100
SECOND $40 20 $ 300

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the production quantity of the FIRST CROP in acre-feet

x2the production quantity of the SECOND CROP in acre-feet

Max Z = 100x1+ 300x2…….(1)

The production program must always be chosen in such a way that it maximizes utility.
total).
Subject to:
x1+ x2< 100 ......... (2) this equation is due to the fact that it only has 100 acre-feet for the
crops
5x1+ 20x2< 1350…... (3)
20x1+ 40x2< 3000 ......(4) what remains Proposed
x1, x20
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
School of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operations Research - I Page 11/49
San Marquinos Problems

Problem 14:

(Decisions about crop planting) In the previous exercise, determine the portion
of the land that must be proposed with each crop if the profit from the concept of
second crop rises to $450 per acre.

Solution:
CROPS COST OF DEMAND UTILITY
PLANT MAN-HOURS
FIRST $20 5 $ 100
SECOND $40 20 $ 450

What are we going to maximize?

x1the production quantity of the FIRST CROP in acre-feet

x2the production amount of the SECOND CROP in acre-feet

Max Z = 100x1+ 450x2…….(1)

The production program should always be chosen in such a way that it maximizes utility.
total).
Subject to:
5x1+ 20x2< 1350…... (2)
20x1+ 40x2< 3000 ......(3) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

Problem 15:

(Dietary Planning) The hospital dietitian must find the optimal combination
discount on two products, A and B, which contain:
- at least 0.5 milligrams of thiamine
- at least 600 calories

PRODUCT THIAMINE CALORIES

A 0.2 mg 100
B 0.08 mg 150
Solution:

Variables:
x1= la Cantidad mas Barata del producto A
x2the Cheapest Quantity of Product B

Max Z = x1+ x2…….(1)

Subject to:
0.2x1+ 0.08x2at least
100x1+ 150x2150 ......(3) what remains Proposed
x1, x20
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 12/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

Problem 16:

(Purification of the mineral) A company owns two mines, P and Q. In the following table
it shows the production of the elements per ton produced by both
mines respectively:

COPPER MINES ZINC Molybdenum COST PER TON OF

OBTAINING MINERAL
P 50 lb 4 lb 1 lb $ 50
Q 15 lb 8 lb 3 lb $ 60

The company must produce at least the following quantities each week of the
metals listed below:
- 87,500 pounds of copper
- 16,000 pounds of zinc
- 5,000 pounds of molybdenum

How much mineral should be obtained from each mine in order to fulfill the
production requirements at a minimal cost?

Solution:

Variables:
x1the Amount of Ore from MINE P in pounds
x2the Amount of Mineral from MINE Q in pounds

Max Z = 50x1+ 60x2......(1)

50x1+ 15x2< 87,500 ......... (2) (COPPER)
4x1+ 8x2< 16,000…... (3) (ZINC)
x1+ 3x2< 5000 ......(4) (MOLYBDENUM)
x1, x20 what is proposed

Problem 17:

(Storage Space) The warehouse of a department, for industrial chemistry, stores,

at least 300 glasses of one size and 400 of a second size. It has been decided that the
The total number of stored glasses must not exceed 1200. Determine the quantities.
possible of these two types of glasses that can be stored and show it with a
graph.

Solution:

Variables:
x1= la Cantidad de vasos de primer tamaño
x2the quantity of second size glasses
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 13/49
San Marquinos Problems

Max Z = x1+ x2…….(1)

Subject to:
x1> 300…... (2) (at least)
x2400 ......(3)
x1+ x2< 1200 .......(4)
x1, x20

Problem 18:

(Storage Space) In the previous exercise, let's suppose that the cups of
first size occupies 9 in2from the shelf and those from second 6 in2The total area of
available shelves for storage is at most 62.8 ft2Determine the
possible quantities of the glasses and show it with a graph.

Solution:

Variables:
x1the number of first size glasses
x2 the number of second size glasses

Max Z = x1+ x2…….(1)

Subject to:
x1300... (2) (at least)
x2> 400 ......(3)
x1+ x2< 1200 .......(4)
9x1+ 6x2< 62.8 .......(5)
x1, x20

Problem 19:

(Diet Planning) A person is thinking about replacing meat in their diet.

for soybeans. One ounce of meat contains an average of almost 7 grams of
protein while an ounce of green soybeans contains almost 3 grams of
protein. If it requires that your daily protein intake comes from meat and from the
combined soybeans must be at least 50 grams. What combination of
Will these nutrients form an acceptable diet?

Solution:

Variables:
x1the Amount of Meat
x2the Amount of Soybeans

Min Z = x1+ x2......(1)

Subject to:
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 14/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

7x1+ 3x2> 50 .......(5)

x1, x20

Problem 20:

(Ecology) A fish pond supplies them every spring with two species of
fish S and T. There are two types of food F1y F2available in the pond. The weight
average of the fish and the average daily food requirement for each fish of
each species is given in the following table:

Species F1 F2 Average Weight

S 2 Units 3 Units 3 pounds
T 3 Units 1 Units 2 pounds

If there are six hundred of F1and three hundred of F2everyday. How do you debit supply
the pool for what the total weight of fishes are at least 400 pounds?

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the Supply Quantity of Fish (SPECIES S) in Spring in Units

x2the Supply Quantity of Fish (SPECIES T) in Spring in Units

Max Z = x1+ x2......(1)

Subject to:
2x1+ 3x2< 600 …….. (2)
3x1+ 1x2< 300 ……….(3)
3x1+ 2x2> 400 what remains Proposed
x1, x20

Problem 21:

A farmer has 200 pigs that consume 90 pounds of special feed every day.
days. The food is prepared as a mixture of corn and soy flour with the
following compositions:
Pounds for Pound of Food
Food Football Protein Fiber Cost ($/lb)
Corn 0.001 0.09 0.02 0.2
Soy Flour 0.002 0.6 0.06 0.6

The dietary requirements of pigs are:

At least 1% calcium
At least 30% protein
Maximum 5% fiber
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 15/49
(San Marquino Problems)

Determine the food mixture with the minimum cost per day

Solution:

What are we going to minimize?

x1the Amount of Corn Pound by Pound of Food
x2the Amount of Soy Flour per pound of Food

Min Z = 0.2x1+ 0.6x2…….(1)

Subject to:
0.001x1+ 0.002x2< (90)(0.01) …….. (2)
0.09x1+ 0.6x2< (90)(0.3) ……….(3)
0.02x1+ 0.06x2(90)(0.05) .......... (4) what remains posed
x1, x20

Problem 22:

A small bank assigns a maximum of $20,000 for personal loans and for
automobiles during the next month. The bank charges an annual interest rate of 14%
personal loans and 12% for car loans. Both types of
loans are settled in periods of three years. The amount of the loans for
car being at least two times greater than that of loans
personal. Past experience has shown that unpaid debts
they make up 1% of all personal loans How should they be allocated
funds?

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the Amount of Personal Loan Funds
x2the Amount of car loan funds

Min Z = 0.2x1+ 0.6x2…….(1)

Subject to:
(0.14)(20,000)x1(0.12)(20,000)x2< 20000 …….. (2)
x2(2)(0.14)(20,000) ……….(3)
x1(0.01)(0.12)(20,000) .......... (4) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

Problem 23:

A radio assembly plant produces two models HiFi-1 and HiFi-2 on the same line.
of assembly. The assembly line consists of three stations. The times of
assembly in the workstations are:
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 16/49
(San Marcino Problems)

Minutes per Unit of Minutes per Unit of

Workstation HiFi-1 HiFi-2
1 6 4
2 5 5
3 4 6

Each workstation has a maximum availability of 480 minutes per day. Without
embargo, the workstations require daily maintenance, which contributes to
10%, 14% and 12% of the 480 total minutes available daily for the
stations 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The company wants to determine the units
daily tasks that will be assembled from HiFi-1 and HiFi-2 in order to minimize the sum of non-time
used (inactive) in the three stations.

Solution:

What are we going to minimize?

x1The Amount of Daily HiFi Units - 1

x2the Quantity of Daily HiFi Units - 2

Min Z = x1+ x2…….(1)

Subject to:
6x1+ 4x2(0.1)(480) …….. (2)
5x1+ 5x2< (0.14)(480) ……….(3)
4x1+ 6x2(0.12)(480) .......... (4) what remains proposed
x1, x20

Problem 24:

An electronics company produces two models of radio, each in

a production line of different volume. The daily capacity of the first line
it has 60 units and the second has 75 radios. Each unit of the first model uses
10 pieces of certain electronic components, while each unit of the second
models require eight pieces of the same component. The maximum daily availability
The special component consists of 800 pieces. The profit per unit of models 1 and 2 is
$30 and $20, respectively. Determine the optimal daily production of each model.
radio.

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the production quantity of model 1 of Radio

x2the production quantity of model 2 of Radio

Max Z = 30x1+ 20x2…….(1)

National University of the Peruvian Amazon
School of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 17/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

Subject to:
x1< 60 …….. (2)
10x1+ 8x2< 800 ……….(3)
x2< 75 .......... (4) what remains proposed
x1, x20

Problem 25:

Two products are manufactured by passing successively through three machines. The time per
the machine assigned to the products is limited to 10 hours per day. The time of
production and the profit per unit of each product are:
Minutes Per Unit
Product Machine 1 Machine 2 Machine 3 Profit
1 10 6 8 $2
2 5 20 15 $3
Note: Determine the optimal combination of the products.

Solution:

What are we going to minimize?

x1the Quantity of Units of Product 1

x2the Quantity of Units of Product 2

Min Z = 2x1+ 3x2…….(1)

Subject to:
10x1+ 5x2< 10 …….. (2)
6x1+ 20x2< 10 ……….(3)
8x1+ 15x2< 10 .......... (4) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

Problem 26:

A company can advertise its product through the use of radio and television stations.
locales. Their budget limits advertising expenses to $1000 per month every minute of
A radio ad costs $5 and each minute of advertising on television costs $100.
the company would like to use the radio at least two times more than television.
past experience shows that every minute of television advertising will generate in terms
General 25 more sales than each minute of advertising on the radio. Determine the allocation.
optimal monthly budget for radio and television ads.

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the monthly budget amount for the Radio

x2the monthly budget amount for the television
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 18/49
(Problems from San Marcos)

Max Z = x1+ x2…….(1)

Subject to:
5x1+ 100x2< 1000 …….. (2)
x2(2)(x1)
x1(25)(x2) ……….(3)
x1, x20

Problem 27:

A company produces two products: A and B. The sales volume of product A is

at least 60% of the total sales of the two products. Both products
they use the same raw material, whose daily availability is limited to 100 lb. The
Products A and B use this raw material at rates of 2 lb/unit and 4.
lb/unit, respectively. The selling price of the products is $20 and $40 per
unit. Determine the optimal allocation of raw material to the two products.

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the Quantity of Units of Product A

x2the Quantity of Units of Product B

Max Z = 20x1+ 40x2…….(1)

Subject to:
2x1+ 4x2< 100 …….. (2)
x1(0.6)(60) ……….(3)
x1, x20

Problem 28:

A company makes two types of hats. Each hat of the first type requires
twice as much labor time as a product of the second type. If all the
hats are exclusively of the second type. The company can produce a total of
500 units per day. The market limits daily sales of the first and second types to
150 and 200 units. Let it be assumed that the profit obtained per product is $8 per
type 1 and $5 for type 2. Determine the number of leftovers of each type that must
be elaborated to maximize profit.

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the Quantity of Units of the HAT TYPE 1

x2the Quantity of Units of Hat TYPE 2
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operations Research - I Page 19/49
(San Marquino Problems)

Max Z = 8x1+ 5x2…….(1)

Subject to:
150x1+ 200x2< 500 …….. (2)
x1(2)(200) ……….(3)
x1, x20

Problem 29:

A small company has two machines to produce two products. Each

The product must go through machine A and then through machine B. The product 1
requires 3 hours on machine A and 2 on machine B, while product 2
requires 1 hour from machine A and 2 hours from machine B. The capacity of the
Machine A and B are 500 and 650 weekly hours respectively. Product A leaves 350.
The first product A leaves 800 pesos and the second product B leaves 600 pesos in profits. Analyze the situation.
from the operation of this, given that due to a shortage of raw materials it cannot produce more
of 21 units of the product.

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the Quantity of Units of Product A

x2the Quantity of Units of Product B

Max Z = 350x1+ 600x2…….(1)

Subject to:
3x1+ 1x2< 500 …….. (2)
2x1+ 2x2< 650 …….. (3)
x1+ x2< 21 ……...….(4)
x1, x20

Problem 30:

The group 'IMPEXA' wishes to advertise its products in three different

media: radio, television, and magazine. The main objective is to reach as many customers as
It is possible. They have conducted a study and the result is:

Durante el día Durante la noche Radio Revistas

Number of clients 450,000 800,000 675,000 200,000
potentials that can
reach by units of
advertising
500,000 1,000,000 650,000 250,000

"IMPEXA" does not want to spend more than $1,200.00. Additionally, on television advertising, they do not
They want to spend more than 750 thousand pesos. They want to buy three units of television.
National University of the Amazon of Peru
Faculty of Engineering in Systems and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 20/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

during the day and 2 units at night. Frame the problem as a model of
programación lineal.

Solution:

What are we going to MAXIMIZE?

x1the number of potential customers per day

x2the Number of Potential Customers per night
x3the Number of customers by Radius
x4the number of customers per magazine

Max Z = x1+ x2+ x3+ x4…….(1)

Subject to: (BALANCE RESTRICTIONS)
x1+ x2+ x3+ x4< 1,200,000
x1+ x2< 750,000
x1450,000
x1 < 500,000
x2800,000
x2< 1,000,000
x3375,000
x3< 650,000
x4200,000
x4< 250,000
3x1< 2x2

Problem 31:

Mrs. Morales has a diet to follow, which meets the following requirements.
nutritional.
At least 4 mg of vitamin A
At least 6 mg of vitamin B
At most 3 mg of vitamin D

Likewise, the diet consists of bread, cheese, beef, and meat. The following table provides us
da los requerimientos por vitamina en mg. así como el costo:
Content in mg per gram of product

PRODUCT COST VITAMIN A VITAMIN B VITAMIN D

PAN 40 0.20 0.18 0.10
CHEESE 31 0.15 0.10 0.14
GOOD 19 0.15 0.40 0.15
MEAT 53 0.30 0.35 0.16

Solution:
National University of the Amazon of Peru
Faculty of Engineering in Systems and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 21/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

What are we going to minimize?

x1the quantity to buy of bread

x2the amount to buy of CHEESE
x3the quantity to buy of EGG
x4the amount to buy of MEAT

Min W = 40x1+ 31x2+ 19x3+ 53x4…….(1)

Subject to:
0.20x1+ 0.15x2+ 0.15x3+ 0.30x44
0.18x1+ 0.10x2+ 0.40x3+ 0.35x46
0.10x1+ 0.14x2+ 0.15x3+ 0.16x43
x1, x2, x3, x40

Problem 32:

Julio, who is an investment advisor, is presented with 4 projects with their

respective costs over a period of three years, as well as the total profit. It requires
maximize total utility with $50,000; $24,000; and $30,000 in each of
the following years:
PROJECT USEFULNESS COST COST COST
TOTAL YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3
X1 100 6 14 5
X2 90 2 8 14
X3 75 9 19 18
X4 80 5 2 9

Solution:

What are we going to minimize?

x1the Amount of Corn Pound for pound of Food

x2the Amount of Soy Flour per pound of Food

Min Z = 0.2x1+ 0.6x2…….(1)

Subject to:
0.001x1+ 0.002x2< (90)(0.01) …….. (2)
0.09x1+ 0.6x2< (90)(0.3) ……….(3)
0.02x1+ 0.06x2(90)(0.05) .......... (4) what remains posed
x1, x20

Availability:
The amounts available per year are allocated to different variables or projects.
under these restrictions to optimize or maximize total utility.
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 22/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

Problem 33:
Suppose that the Rural Credit Bank has two investment plans.
knowledge: The first in the irrigation land program, the second in the program of
temporary lands. The first program returns 30% of the investment at the end of the year,
while the second plan returns 65% of the investment, for a term of two
years. The interest received in both plans is reinvested again in either
of both plans. Formulate the linear program that allows the bank to maximize the
total investment in a six-year term, if the investment is $100 million.

Solution:

What are we going to MAXIMIZE?

xiRthe amount of risk investment for one year i

xitthe Amount of Temporal investment in 2 years i
where i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

Max Z = x1+ x2+ x3+ x4…….(1)

Subject to: (BALANCE RESTRICTIONS)
x1R+ x1T< 100,000
x2R+ x2T < 1.30x1R
x3R+ x3T< 1.30x2R+ 1.65x1T
x4R+ x4T< 1.30x3R+ 1.65x2T
x5R+ x5T< 1.30x4R+ 1.65x3T
x6R< 1.30x5R+ 1.65x4T
x1T, xR0

Problem 34:

A perfume company can advertise its product through the use of stations.
from radio and television. Its budget limits advertising expenses to $1,500 per month.
Each minute of advertising on the radio costs $15 and each minute of advertising on
The television costs $90. The company would like to use the radio at least twice.
more than television. Historical data shows that every minute of advertising per
television will generate in general terms 30 times more sales than every minute of
radio advertising. Determine the optimal assignment of the monthly budget for
radio and television ads.

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the monthly budget amount for the Radio

x2the monthly budget amount for the Television

Max Z = x1+ x2…….(1)

National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 23/49
(Problemas San Marquinos)

Subject to:
15x1+ 90x2< 1500 …….. (2)
x2 (2)(x1)
x1(30)(x2(3)
x1, x20

Problem 35:
A pet store has determined that each hamster should receive less than 70.
units of protein. 100 units of carbohydrates and 20 units of fat. If the
store sells the six types of food shown in the table. What mixture of
Does food meet the needs at a minimal cost for the store?

Food Proteins Carbohydrates Fat Cost

(Units / Ounce) (Units / Ounce) Units / Ounce
Ounce
A 20 50 4 2
B 30 30 9 3
C 40 20 11 5
D 40 25 10 6
E 45 50 9 8
F 30 20 10 8

Solution:

What are we going to minimize?

x1the amount to mix of A

x2the amount to mix of B
x3the amount to mix of C
x4the amount to mix of D
x5the amount to be mixed of E
x6the amount to mix of F

Min W = 2x1+ 3x2+ 5x3+ 6x4+ 8x5+ 8x6…….(1)

Subject to:
20x1+ 30x2+ 40x3+ 40x4+ 45x5+ 30x6< 70 ......... PROTEIN
50x1+ 30x2+ 20x3+ 25x4+ 50x5+ 20x6< 100 ------ CARBOHYDRATES
4x1+ 9x2+ 11x3+ 10x4+ 9x5+ 10x6< 20 ---------- FAT
x1, x2, x3, x40

Problem 35:
A local manufacturing company produces four different metal products that
they must be machined, polished and assembled. The specific time requirements (in
hours) for each product are as follows:
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 24/49
San Marquinos Problems

Machining Polished Assembly

Product I 3 1 2
Product II 2 1 1
Product III 2 2 2
Product IV 4 3 1

The company has a total of 480 hours available for machining per week, 400 hours for the
polished and 400 hours for assembly. The unit profits per product are $6, $4,
$6 and $8 respectively. The company has a contract with a distributor in which it
commits to delivering 50 units of product 1 and 100 units weekly
any combination of products II and III, depending on production, but only one
maximum of 25 units of product IV. How many units of each product should be
to manufacture weekly the company in order to meet all the conditions of the
contract and maximize total profit?
Consider the incomplete pieces as a Linear Programming model.

Solution:

What are we going to minimize?

x1the quantity to be produced of product I

x2the quantity to be manufactured of product II
x3the Quantity to be manufactured of product III
x4the quantity to be produced of product IV

Min W = 6x1+ 4x2+ 6x3+ 8x4…….(1)

Subject to:
3x1+ 2x2+ 2x3+ 4x4< 480
1x1+ 1x2+ 2x3+ 3x4< 400
2x1+ 1x2+ 2x3+ 1x4< 400
x1> 50
x2+ x3100
x4< 25
x1, x2, x3, x40

Problem 36:

Four products are processed successively on two machines. The times of

manufacturing hours per unit of each product are tabulated below for the
two machines:

Machine Product 1 Product 2 Product 3 Product 4

1 2 3 4 2
2 3 2 1 2
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operations Research - I Page 25/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

The total cost of producing one unit of each product is directly based on the
machine time. Assume that the cost per hour for machines 1 and 2 is $10 and
$15. The total hours budgeted for all products in machines 1 and 2
They are 500 and 380. If the selling price per unit for products 1, 2, 3, and 4 is $65,
$70, $55, and $45, formulate the problem as a linear programming model for
maximize total net profit.

Solution:

What are we going to maximize?

x1the quantity to be produced of product 1

x2the quantity to be produced of product 2
x3the quantity to be manufactured of product 3
x4= the quantity to be manufactured of product 4

Max W = 65x1+ 70x2+ 55x3+ 45x4…….(1)

Subject to:
2x1+ 3x2+ 4x3+ 2x4< 500
3x1+ 2x2+ 1x3+ 2x4< 380
x1, x2, x3, x40

Problem 37:

Delta company has specialized machinery in the plastic industry.

the company is set to begin operations next January and has
$300,000 and ten machines. The operation of each machine requires $4,000.00 at
start of a month to produce and at the end of the month the amount of $9,000.00 however,
For every two machines, an operator is needed whose monthly salary is $3000.00.
paying at the beginning of the month. The company plans to plan its production, employment
of operator and purchase of machinery that must have, at the beginning of the seventh month, at
maximum number of machines in operation.

At the beginning of each month, the company has three options available for acquisition
machinery. In the first alternative, you can buy machines for $20,000.00 each.
with a delivery period of one month. That is, if at the beginning of each month 't' is requested and
Pay for the machinery, it will be delivered at the beginning of month t + 1.

In the second alternative, each machine can be purchased for $15,000.00, but the
Delivery period is in two months. The last option is to buy at $10,000.00
each machine with a delivery period of three months.

Formulate a linear programming model that allows determining the purchasing policy.
of machinery, production, and payment of operators each month, in such a way that at
At the beginning of the seventh month, there should be the maximum number of machines in operation.
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operations Research - I Page 26/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

Solution:

What are we going to minimize?

x1the quantity to be produced of product I

x2the quantity to be produced of product II
x3the quantity to be manufactured of product III
x4the quantity to be manufactured of product IV

Min W = 6x1+ 4x2+ 6x3+ 8x4…….(1)

Subject to:
3x1+ 2x2+ 2x3+ 4x4< 480
1x1+ 1x2+ 2x3+ 3x4< 400
2x1+ 1x2+ 2x3+ 1x4< 400
x1> 50
x2+ x3100
x4< 25
x1, x2, x3, x40

Problem 38:

A chemical products company that operates 24 hours a day has the

following needs for technical and specialized personnel

Period Time of day Technical staff Personal

Specialized
1 6 - 10 20 8
2 10 – 14 40 12
3 14 - 18 80 15
4 18 - 22 45 9
5 22 - 02 25 3
6 02 - 06 10 2

Note that period 1 follows period 6. Consider that each person in the
the company works 8 consecutive hours. Suppose that Xty Zt, denote the number of
technical and specialized personnel, respectively, who start working at the beginning
from the period t each day. In this company, the union agreement establishes that in all
There must be at least three times the number of technical staff than of
specialized personnel. Establish a linear programming model to determine
the minimum number of technical and specialized personnel to meet the needs
workdays in the company.

Solution:

xiRthe amount of technical staff

xitthe amount of specialized personality
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 27/49
San Marquinos Problems

where i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

My Z = x1+ x2
Subject to:
20x1+ 8x2> 60
40x1+ 12x2120
80x1+ 15x2240
45x1+ 9x23(45)
25x1+ 3x2> 75
10x1+ 2x2> 30

Problem 39:

National Railroads of Mexico has the following demand at the beginning of next year
of diesel locomotives to occupy their system throughout the country:

Quarter 1 2 3
Locomotives 750 800 780
Diesel

The railway management can meet its demand by combining

the following alternatives:

a) Use of the existence of diesel locomotives in working condition

b) Purchase of locomotives from abroad which can be delivered at the beginning
from any quarter
c) Repair locomotives in the national workshops on a regular basis. The time re
The repair is for 6 months.
d) Report locomotives in the national workshops with urgency. The time
The repair is for 3 months.

Option b has a cost of $5,000,000 per locomotive

Alternative c has a cost of $100,000 per locomotive.
Alternative d has a cost of $250,000 per locomotive.

It is estimated that at the beginning of the year there will be 650 locomotives in working condition and the
The operating budget for that year is $100,000,000 delivered in items.
quarterly of 40, 30, 20, and 10 million respectively.

It is supposed that by the end of each quarter, 5% of the locomotives must be maintained.
repairs and 5% are out of service. Formulate a programming problem
linear that allows determining the combination of policies that should be taken into account
management of railroads to minimize costs and meet the demand for locomotives.

Solution:
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 28/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

What are we going to minimize?

x1the Amount of Demand in quarter 1

x2the Demand Quantity in the second quarter
x3the Demand Quantity in quarter 3

Min W = 5,000,000x1+ 100,000x2+ 250,000 times3…….(1)

Subject to:
x1+ x2+ x3< 100,000,000
750x1+ 800x2+ 780x3650
x1> (0.05)(750)
x2> (0.05)(800)
x3> (0.05)(780)
x1, x2, x3, x40

Problem 40:

A company produces brown sugar, white sugar, powdered sugar, and molasses.
with the syrup from sugar cane. The company purchases 4000 tons of syrup from
the week and has a contract to deliver a minimum of 25 tons weekly of
each type of sugar. The production process begins by making brown sugar and
molasses with the syrup. One ton of syrup produces 0.3 tons of sugar.
brown sugar and 0.1 tons of molasses. Afterwards, white sugar is produced by processing
brown sugar. 1 ton of brown sugar is required to produce 0.8 tons
from white sugar. Finally, powdered sugar is made from white sugar by
through a special grinding process, which has a 95% conversion efficiency (1
ton of white sugar produces 0.95 tons of powdered sugar). The
utilidades por tonelada de azúcar morena, azúcar blanca, azúcar pulverizada y melazas
they are 150, 200, 230, and 35 dollars, respectively. Formulate the problem as a
linear program.

Solution:
The production of each type of sugar according to the production process is detailed in
continuation per ton of material used.

Production per ton.

the brunette molasses white az. powdered
Syrup (1 ton) 0.3 0.1
Az. Morena (1tn) 0.8
Blanca (1tn) 0.95

We determine the decision variables:

Xi = product obtained (tons per week), where i: 1, 2, 3, 4; represents the
diferentes tipos de productos. 1: azúcar morena, 2: melaza, 3: azúcar blanca, 4:
powdered sugar.
The restrictions:
X1 / 0.3 + X2 / 0.1 <= 4000 (Restriction for syrup TN.)
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
School of Systems Engineering and Informatics
Operations Research - I Page 29/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

X1 >= 25000 (Restriction for brown sugar tn.)

X3 / 0.8 >= 25000 (Restriction for refined white sugar)
X4 / 0.95 >= 25000 (Restriction for powdered sugar tn.)
X1, X2, X3, X4 >= 0 (Non-negativity constraint)
The objective function to maximize profits:
f.o: max. z = 150X1 + 200X3 + 230X4 + 35X2

The structure of the model is as follows:

Xi = producto obtenido (toneladas por semana) i: 1, 2, 3, 4
F.O. Max z = 150X1 + 200X3 + 230X4 + 35X2
S.a:
X1 / 0.3 + X2 / 0.1 <= 4000 (Restriction for syrup tn.)
X1 >= 25000 (Restriction for brown sugar tn.)
X3 / 0.8 >= 25000 (Restriction for white sugar in tn.)
X4 / 0.95 >= 25000 (Restriction for powdered sugar weight)
X1, X2, X3, X4 >= 0 (Non-negativity constraint)

Problem 41:

Four products are processed in sequence by two machines. The following table
provide the relevant data regarding the problem.

Tiempo de fabricación por unidad (hora)

Machine Cost Prod. 1 Prod. 2 Prod. 3 Prod. 4 Capacity
($) / hour (hour)
1 10 2 3 4 2 500
2 5 3 2 1 2 380
Sale price 65 70 55 45
Per unit ($)

Formulate the model as a linear programming model.

Solution:
We determine the decision variables:
Xij: units produced by product type j: 1, 2, 3, 4.
using each machine i: 1, 2.

The restrictions:
2X11 + 3X12 + 4X13 + 2X14 <= 500 (Capacity constraint of machine 1)
3X21 + 2X22 + 1X23 + 2X24 <= 380 (Capacity constraint of machine 2)

The objective function to maximize profits:

Max z = 65(X11 + X12) + 70(X12 + X22) + 55(X13 + X23) + 45(X14 + X24) -
10 (2 times 11 + 3 times 12 + 4 times 15 + 2 times 14) - 5(3 times 21 + 2 times 22 + 1 times 23 + 2 times 24)

Simplifying:
max z = 45X11 + 50X21 + 40X12 + 60X22 + 15X13 + 50X23 + 25X14 +35X24
National University of the Amazonia of Peru
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 30/49
(San Marquino Problems)

The structure of the model is as follows:

Xij: units produced by product type j: 1, 2, 3, 4.

Using each machine i: 1, 2.
F: O Max z = 45X11 + 50X21 + 40X12 + 60X22 + 15X13 + 50X23 + 25X14 +35X24
S.a:
2X11 + 3X12 + 4X13 + 2X14 <= 500 (Capacity restriction of machine 1)
3X21 + 2X22 + 1X23 + 2X24 <= 380 (Capacity restriction of machine 2)
X11, X12, X13, X14, X21, X22, X23, X24 >=0 (Non-negativity constraint)

Problem 42:

With rubies and sapphires, a businessman produces two types of rings. A type 1 ring requires 2
rubies, 3 sapphires and 1 hour of work from a jeweler. A type 2 ring requires 3 rubies, 2 sapphires and 2
working hours of a jeweler. Each type 1 ring is sold for 400 dollars, and each type 2 ring for
500 dollars. All produced rings can be sold. Currently, there are 100 available.
rubies, 120 sapphires and 70 hours of work from a jeweler. More rubies can be bought at a cost
of 100 dollars per ruby. Market demand requires a production of at least
20 rings of type 1 and at least 25 rings of type 2. Formulate the problem to maximize the
profit.

Solution:
Requirement per unit
Type of
ring Availability
Type 1 Type 2
Rubies (unit) 2 3
Sapphires (unid) 3 2
Hours-man 1 2 70
Price ($/unit) 400 500
Demand (units) 20 25

We determine the decision variables:

Xi: number of rings of type i = 1, 2
The restrictions:
2X1 + 3X2 - X3 <= 100 (Restriction on the amount of rubies)
3X1 + 2X2 <= 120 (Restriction on the number of sapphires)
X1 + 2X2 <= 70 Restriction on working hours of a jeweler
X1 >= 20 (Restriction for type 1 demand)
X2 >= 25 (Restriction for type 2 demand)

The objective function to maximize profits:

Max z = 400X1 + 500X2 - 100X3

The structure of the model is as follows:

Xi: number of rings of type i = 1, 2

F.O: Max z = 400X1 + 500X2 – 100X3
S.a:
2X1 + 3X2 - X3 <= 100 (Restriction on the amount of rubies)
National University of the Amazon of Peru
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operations Research - I Page 31/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

3X1 + 2X2 <= 120 Restriction on the number of sapphires

X1 + 2X2 <= 70 Work hour restrictions for a jeweler
X1 >= 20 (Restriction for type 1 demand)
X2 >= 25 (Restriction for type 2 demand)
X1, X2, X3 >= 0 (Non-negativity constraint)

Problem 43:
For a 24-hour shift, a hospital is requiring the following staff for the area of
nursing, 6 shifts of 4 hours each are defined.

Number
Shift minimum
of personal
2:00 - 6:00 4
6:00 - 10:00 8
10:00 - 14:00 10
14:00 - 18:00 7
18:00 - 20:00 12
20:00 - 24:00 4

Employment contracts are for 8 consecutive hours per day. The objective is to find the number
fewer people who meet the requirements. Formulate the problem as a model
of linear programming.

Solution:
We determine the decision variables:
Xi = Cantidad de personal por cada turno i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

Staff needs by schedule

Hours 2:00 - 6:00 6:00 - 10:00 10:00 - 14:00 14:00 - 18:00 18:00 - 20:00 20:00 - 24:00
X1 X1
X2 X2
X3 X3
X4 X4
X5 X5
X6 X6
Personal 4 8 10 7 12 4

The staffing restrictions per shift are:

X1 + X6 >= 4
X1 + X2 >= 8
X2 + X3 >= 10
X3 + X4 >= 7
X4 + X5 >= 12
X5 + X6 >= 4

The objective function to minimize the amount of personnel

Min z = X1 + X2 + X3 + X4 + X4 + X5 + X6
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 32/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

The structure of the model is as follows:

Xi = Amount of personnel for each shift i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
F :O Min z = X1 + X2 + X3 + X4 + X4 + X5 + X6
S.a:
X1 + X6 >= 4
X1 + X2 >= 8
X2 + X3 >= 10
X3 + X4 >= 7
X4 + X5 >= 12
X5 + X6 >= 4
X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 >= 0 (Non-negativity constraint)
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
School of Systems Engineering and Informatics
Operational Research - I Page 33/49
San Marquinos Problems

(Whisky Blend) A distilling company has two grades of raw whisky (unmixed), I and II,
of which it produces two different brands. Regular Lamarca contains 50% of each one of the
degrees I and II, while the super brand consists of two-thirds of degree I and one-third
Grade II. The company has 3000 gallons of grade I and 2000 gallons of grade II for mixing.
Each gallon of regular brand produces a profit of $5, while each gallon of premium produces
A utility of $6. How many gallons of each brand should the company produce in order to maximize?
its utilities?

BRANDS GRADE I GRADE II USEFULNESS

REGULAR 50% 50% $5

SUPER 75% 25% $6

Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the amount of regular brand whiskey in gallons
x2the amount of super brand whisky in gallons
Max Z = 5x16x2…….(1)
Subject to:
1500x11000 times2< 3000 …….. (2)
2250x1500x2< 2000 ...(3) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

2. (Mix) A company sells two different nut mixes. The cheaper mix contains a
80% peanuts and 20% nuts, while the mask contains 50% of each type. Each
the company obtains 1800 kilos of peanuts and 1200 kilos of nuts from its sources of
supplies. How many kilos of each mix should be produced in order to maximize profits if
The profits are $10 for each kilo of the cheaper mix and $15 for each kilo of the more expensive mix.
how?

MIX PEANUT NUT GAIN FROM

WEEK

CHEAP 80% 20% $10 PER KILOGRAM

FACE 50% 50% $15 PER KILO

Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the quantity of the BARATA brand mix in kilograms
x2the quantity of the CARA brand mix in kilograms
Max Z = 10x115x2…….(1)
Subject to:
1440x1240x2< 1800 …….. (2)
900x1600x2< 1200 ……….(3) what remains proposed
x1, x20

3. (Decisions about production) A company produces two products, A and B. Each unit of A requires
2 hours on each machine and 5 hours on a second machine. Each unit of B requires 4 hours in the
first machine and 3 hours on the second machine. There are 100 hours available per week on the first one.
machine and 110 hours on the second machine. If the company makes a profit of $70 for each
National University of the Amazon of Peru
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 34/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

unit of A and $50 for each unit of B How much should be produced for each unit in order to
maximize total utility?

PRODUCT HRS HRS USEFULNESS

MACHINE 1 MACHINE 2

A 2 5 $70 PER KILO

B 4 3 $50 PER KILO

Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the quantity of production of A in units
x2the quantity of production of B in units
Max Z = 70x150 times2…….(1)
Subject to:
2x14x2< 100 ...... (2)
5x13x2What remains proposed
x1, x20

4. (Decisions about production) In the previous exercise, suppose an order for 14 is received.
units of A per week. If the order must be fulfilled, determine the new value of the maximum profit.
Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the production quantity of A in units
x2the production quantity of B in units
Max Z = 70x150x2…….(1)
Subject to:
2x14x2< 100 …….. (2)
5x13x2...what remains proposed
x1, x20

5. (Production Decisions). A manufacturer produces two products, A and B, each of which

It requires time on three machines, as indicated below:

PRODUCT HRS HRS HRS USEFULNESS

MACHINE 1 MACHINE 2 MÁQUINA 3

A 2 4 3 $250 PER KILO

B 5 1 2 $300 PER KILO

If the number of available hours on the machines per month is 200, 240, and 190 in the case of the first,
second and third, respectively, determine how many units of each product should be produced in order to
to maximize total utility.
Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the production quantity of A in units
x2the quantity of production of B in units
Max Z = 250x1300x2…….(1)
Subject to:
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 35/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

2x15x2< 200 ……... (2)

4x11x2< 240 ……...(3)
3x12x2< 190 ........... (4) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

6. (Decisions about production) In the previous exercise, assume that a sudden drop in demand
the market for product A forces the company to increase its price. If the profit for each unit of
If it increases to $600, determine the new production program that maximizes total utility.
Solution:

PRODUCT HRS HRS HRS UTILITY

MACHINE 1 MACHINE 2 MACHINE 3

A 2 4 3 $600 PER KILO

B 5 1 2 $300 PER KILO

What are we going to maximize?

x1 the quantity of production of A in units
x2the quantity of production of B in units
Max Z = 250x1300x2…….(1)
Subject to:
2x15x2< 200 ……... (2)
4x11x2< 240 ……...(3)
3x12x2What is left proposed
x1, x20

7. (Decisions about production) In exercise 5, suppose that the manufacturer is forced by the
competition to reduce the profit margin of product B. How much can the profit of B decrease before
Should the manufacturer change the production schedule? (The production schedule must always be
to choose in a way that maximizes total utility.
Solution:

PRODUCT HRS HRS HRS USEFULNESS

MACHINE 1 MACHINE 2 MACHINE 3

A 2 4 3 $600 PER KILO

B 5 1 2 $ X PER KILO

What are we going to maximize?

x1the production quantity of A in units
x2the production quantity of B in units
but in this case, we must take into account that the UTILIZATION of the PRODUCT must be minimized
B, well, it reduces half of the profit, so it remains:
Max Z = 250x1150 times2…….(1)
(The production program should always be chosen in a way that maximizes total utility).
Subject to:
2x15x2< 200 ……... (2)
4x11x2< 240 ……...(3)
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 36/49
San Marquinos Problems

3x12x2< 190 ........... (4) what remains Proposed

x1, x20

8. (Investment decisions) A finance manager has $ 1×106from a pension fund, part of

what should be invested. The manager has two investments in mind, some convertible bonds that produce
6% annual and some mortgage bonds more effective that produce 10% annual. According to the
Government regulations state that no more than 25% of the invested amount can be in mortgage bonds.
Moreover, the minimum that can be placed in mortgage bonds is 0,000. Determine the amounts of
the two investments that will maximize total investment.
Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the amount of investment in conservative bonds
x2the amount of investment in mortgage bonds
Max Z = x1x2…….(1)
Subjects to:
(0.06)(1,000,000)x1(0.1)(1,000,000)x2(1,000,000)(0.25) ……... (2)
x2100,000 ...... (3)
x1, x20

9. (Decisions on crop planting) A farmer has 100 acres of land that he can plant.
two crops. He has $3000 to cover the cost of planting. The farmer can rely on a total
of 1350 man-hours allocated to the collection of the two crops, and the table shows
the following data per acre:

CROPS COST OF FILING A LAWSUIT HOURS- UTILITY

MAN

FIRST $20 5 $100

SECOND $40 20 $ 300

Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the amount of production of the FIRST CROP in acre-feet
x2the production quantity of the SECOND CROP in acre-feet
Max Z = 100x1300x2…….(1)
The production program must always be chosen in a way that maximizes total utility.
Subject to:
x1x2< 100 ......... (2) this equation is due to the fact that it only has 100 acre-feet for the crops
5x120x2< 1350…... (3)
20x140x2< 3000 ......(4) what remains Established
x1, x20

10. (Decisions on crop planting) In the previous exercise, determine the portion of the land that
It should be considered with each crop whether the profit from the second crop rises to $450 per acre.
Solution:

Crops COST OF FILING HOURS UTILITY

MAN

FIRST $20 5 $ 100

SECOND $40 20 $ 450

National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 37/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

What are we going to maximize?

x1the production amount of the FIRST CROP in acre-feet
x2the production quantity of the SECOND CROP in acre-feet
Max Z = 100x1450x2…….(1)
The production program must always be chosen in such a way as to maximize total utility.
Subject to:
5x120x2< 1350…... (2)
20x140x2< 3000 ......(3) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

11. (Dietetic Planning) The dietitian of a hospital must find the cheapest combination of two
products, A and B, that contain:

• at least 0.5 milligrams of thiamine

• at least 600 calories

PRODUCT THIAMINE CALORIES

A 0.2 mg 100

B 0.08 mg 150

Solution:
Variables:
x1the Cheapest Amount of product A
x2the Cheapest Amount of Product B
Max Z = x1x2…….(1)
Subject to:
0.2x10.08x2at least
100x1150x2> 150 ......(3) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

12. (Purification of the mineral) A company owns two mines, P and Q. The following table shows the
production of the elements per ton produced by both mines respectively:

MINES COPPER ZINC Molybdenum COST PER TON OF ACQUISITION

OF MINERAL

P 50 lb 4 lb 1 lb $50

Q 15 lb 8 lb 3 lb $ 60

The company must produce at least the following quantities of metals each week that are
they show below:

• 87,500 pounds of copper

• 16,000 pounds of zinc
• 5,000 pounds of molybdenum
National University of the Amazon of Peru
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operations Research - I Page 38/49
(San Marquino Problems)

How much mineral should be extracted from each mine to meet the production requirements?
at a minimal cost?
Solution:
Variables:
x1the Amount of Mineral from the MINE P in pounds
x2the Amount of Mineral from MINE Q in pounds
Max Z = 50x160x2…….(1)
50x115x2< 87,500 ......... (2) (COPPER)
4x18x2< 16,000…... (3) (ZINC)
x13x2< 5000 ......(4) (MOLYBDENUM)
x1, x20 what is proposed

13. (Storage Space) The storage room of an industrial chemistry department stores at least 300
vases of one size and 400 of a second size. It has been decided that the total number of vases
stored should not exceed 1200. Determine the possible quantities of these two types of glasses.
that can be stored and show it with a graph.
Solution:
Variables:
x1the number of first size glasses
x2the number of second size cups
Max Z = x1x2…….(1)
Subject to:
x1> 300... (2) (at least)
x2> 400 ......(3)
x1x2< 1200 .......(4)
x1, x20

14. (Storage Space) In the previous exercise, let's assume that the cups of the first size
they take 9 inches2from the shelf and those from the second 6in2The total area of shelves available for storage is
the sum of 62.8 ft2Determine the possible quantities of the glasses and show them with a graph.
Solution:
Variables:
x1the number of first size glasses
x2the number of second size glasses
Max Z = x1x2…….(1)
Subject to:
x1 > 300... (2) (at least)
x2> 400 ......(3)
x1x2< 1200 .......(4)
9x16x2< 62.8 .......(5)
x1, x20

15. (Diet Planning) A person is thinking of replacing meat in their diet with beans.
Soy. An ounce of meat contains an average of almost 7 grams of protein while an ounce
soybeans (green) contains almost 3 grams of protein. If you require that your intake of
the daily protein obtained from meat and combined soybeans must be at least 50
grams. What combination of these nutrients will form an acceptable diet?
Solution:
Variables:
x1the Amount of Meat
x2the Amount of Soybeans
Min Z = x1x2…….(1)
Subject to:
7x13x2> 50 .......(5)
x1, x20
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operations Research - I Page 39/49
San Marquinos Problems

16. (Ecology) A fish pond supplies them every spring with doses of fish species S and T.
There are two types of food F.1y F2available in the pond. The average weight of the fish and the
The average daily food requirement for each fish of each species is given in the table.
next

species F1 F2 Average Weight

S 2 Units 3 Units 3 pounds

T 3 Units 1 Units 2 pounds

If there are six hundred of F1and three hundred of F2everyday. How do you debit supply the pool for what
the total weight of fishes is at least 400 pounds?

Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the Supply Quantity of Fish (SPECIES S) in Spring in Units
x2the Supply Quantity of Fish (SPECIES T) in Spring in Units
Max Z = x1x2…….(1)
Subject to:
2x13x2< 600 …….. (2)
3x11x2< 300 ……….(3)
3x12x2400 what remains Proposed
x1, x20

17. A farmer has 200 pigs that consume 90 pounds of special food every day. The food
is prepared like a
mixture of corn and soy flour with the following compositions:
Pounds per Pound of Food

Food Football Protein Fiber Cost ($/lb)

Corn 0.001 0.09 0.02 0.2

Soy Flour 0.002 0.6 0.06 0.6

The dietary requirements of pigs are:

At least 1% calcium
At least 30% protein
Maximum 5% fiber

Determine the food mixture with the minimum cost per day
Solution:
What are we going to minimize?
x1the Amount of Corn Pound for pound of Food
x2The amount of soy flour per pound of food
Min Z = 0.2x10.6x2…….(1)
Subject to:
0.001x10.002x2(90)(0.01) …….. (2)
0.09x10.6x2< (90)(0.3) ……….(3)
0.02x10.06x2(90)(0.05) .......... (4) what remains is stated
x1, x20
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 40/49
(San Marquino Problems)

18. A small bank assigns a maximum of $20,000 for personal and automobile loans.
during the following month. The bank charges an annual interest rate of 14% on personal loans and of
12% for car loans. Both types of loans are paid off over periods of three years.
the amount of car loans should be at least twice as high as that of
personal loans. Past experience has shown that uncovered debts constitute the
1% of all personal loans How should the funds be allocated?
Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the Amount of Personal Loan Funds
x2The amount of car loan funds
Min Z = 0.2x10.6 times2…….(1)
Subject to:
(0.14)(20,000)x1 (0.12)(20,000)x2< 20000…….. (2)
x2(2)(0.14)(20,000) ……….(3)
x1 (0.01)(0.12)(20,000) .......... (4) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

19. A radio manufacturing plant produces two models HiFi-1 and HiFi-2 on the same assembly line.
The assembly line consists of three stations. The assembly times at the workstations
son

Minutes per Unit of Minutes per Unit of

Work Station HiFi-1 HiFi-2

1 6 4

2 5 5

3 4 6

Each workstation has a maximum availability of 480 minutes per day. However, the
Workstations require daily maintenance, which contributes to 10%, 14%, and 12% of the 480.
total minutes available daily for stations 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The company
want to determine the daily units that will be assembled of HiFi-1 and HiFi-2 in order to minimize the sum of
unused times (inactive) in the three stations.
Solution: What are we going to minimize?
x1the Daily Quantity of HiFi Units - 1
x2the Daily Units Amount of HiFi - 2
Min Z = x1x2…….(1)
Subject to:
6x14x2(0.1)(480) ...... (2)
5x15x2(0.14)(480) ……….(3)
4x16x2(0.12)(480) .......... (4) what remains stated
x1, x20

A company of electronic products produces two models of radio, each in one line of
production of different volume. The daily capacity of the first line is 60 units and the second
It has 75 radios. Each unit of the first model uses 10 pieces of certain electronic components.
Meanwhile, each unit of the second model requires eight pieces of the same component.
the maximum daily availability of the special component is 800 pieces. The profit per unit of
Models 1 and 2 are $30 and $20, respectively. Determine the optimal daily production of each model.
radio.
Solution: What are we going to maximize?
x1 the production quantity of model 1 of Radio
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 41/49
(San Marquino Problems)

x2the production quantity of model 2 of Radio

Max Z = 30x120x2…….(1)
Subject to:
x1< 60 ... (2)
10x18x2< 800 ……….(3)
x2< 75 .......... (4) what remains proposed
x1, x20

21. Two products are manufactured by passing successively through three machines. The time per machine
assigned to the products is limited to 10 hours per day. The production time and the profit per
the unit of each product is:
Minutes Per Unit

Product Machine 1 Machine 2 Machine 3 Profit

1 10 6 8 $2

2 5 20 15 $3

Note: Determine the optimal combination of the products.

Solution: What are we going to Minimize?

x1the Quantity of Units of Product 1
x2the Quantity of Units of Product 2
Min Z = 2x13x2......(1)
Subject to:
10x15x2< 10 …….. (2)
6x120x2< 10 ……….(3)
8x115x2Less than 10 .......... (4) what remains Proposed
x1, x20

22. A company can advertise its product through the use of radio and television stations.
locales. Your budget limits advertising expenses to $1000 per month for each minute of advertisement in the
Radio costs $5 and each minute of television advertising costs $100. The company would like to use the
radio at least twice as much as television. Past experience shows that every minute of
Television advertising will generate, in general terms, 25 more sales than each minute of advertising.
by the radio. Determine the optimal allocation of the monthly budget for radio and television ads.
Solution: What are we going to Maximize?
x1the amount of monthly budget for the Radio
x2 the monthly budget amount for the Television
Max Z = x1x2…….(1)
Subject to:
5x1100x2< 1000 …….. (2)
x2(2)(x1)
x1(25)(x2(3)
x1, x20

23. A company produces two products: A and B. The sales volume of product A is at least
60% of the total sales of the two products. Both products use the same raw material, which
Daily availability is limited to 100 lb. Products A and B use this raw material in the indices.
rates of 2 lb/unit and 4 lb/unit, respectively. The selling price of the products is $20 and $40 per
unit. Determine the optimal allocation of the raw material to the two products.
Solution: What are we going to Maximize?
x1the Quantity of Units of Product A
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 42/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

x2the Quantity of Units of Product B

Max Z = 20x140x2…….(1)
Subject to:
2x14x2< 100 …….. (2)
x1(0.6)(60) ……….(3)
x1, x20

24. A company makes two types of hats. Each hat of the first type requires twice
more labor time than a second-type product. If all the workers are
exclusively of the second type. The company can produce a total of 500 units per day. The
The market limits daily sales of the first and second types to 150 and 200 units. It is assumed that
The profit obtained per product is $8 for type 1 and $5 for type 2. Determine the number of
Hats of each type that should be produced to maximize profit.
Solution: What are we going to maximize?
x1= la Cantidad de Unidades del Sombrero TIPO 1
x2the Quantity of Units of Hat TYPE 2
Max Z = 8x15x2......(1)
Subject to:
150x1200x2< 500 …….. (2)
x1(2)(200) ……….(3)
x1, x20

25. A small company has two machines to manufacture two products. Each product has
to pass through machine A and then through machine B. Product 1 requires 3 hours from machine A and
Product 1 requires 2 hours of machine B, while product 2 requires 1 hour of machine A and 2 hours of machine B.
The capacity of machines A and B is 500 and 650 weekly hours respectively. Product A leaves
350 pesos and the second product B leaves 600 pesos in profits. Analyze the situation.
operation of this, since due to a shortage of raw material it cannot produce more than 21 units
of the product.
Solution: What are we going to Maximize?
x1the Quantity of Units of Product A
x2the Quantity of Units of Product B
Max Z = 350x1600x2…….(1)
Subject to:
3x11x2< 500 …….. (2)
2x12x2< 650 …….. (3)
x1x2< 21 ……...….(4)
x1, x20

26. the group 'IMPEXA' wants to advertise its products through different media: radio,
television and magazine. The main objective is to reach as many customers as possible. They have carried out a
study and the result is:

During the day During the night Radio Magazines

Number of 450,000 800,000 675,000 200,000

clients
potentials that
can reach
by units of
advertisement

500,000 1,000,000 650,000 250,000

National University of the Peruvian Amazon
School of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operations Research - I Page 43/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

"IMPEXA" does not want to spend more than $1,200.00. Additionally, they do not wish to spend more on television advertising.
of 750 thousand pesos. Three television units are desired to be purchased during the day and 2 units during the night.
night. Formulate the problem as a linear programming model.
Solution:
What are we going to MAXIMIZE?
x1the Number of Potential Customers per day
x2the number of potential customers per night
x3the Number of customers by Radius
x4the number of customers by magazines
Max Z = x1x2x3x4…….(1)
Subject to: (BALANCE RESTRICTIONS)
x1x2x3x4<1,200,000
x1x2< 750,000
x1450,000
x1< 500,000
x2800,000
x2< 1,000,000
x3375,000
x3< 650,000
x4 200,000
x4< 250,000
3x1< 2x2

27. Mrs. Morales has a diet to follow, which meets the following nutritional requirements.

• At least 4 mg of vitamin A
• At least 6 mg of vitamin B
• No more than 3 mg of vitamin D

Likewise, the diet consists of bread, cheese, beef, and meat. The following table gives us the
requerimientos por vitamina en mg. así como el costo:
Content in mg per gram of product

PRODUCT COST VITAMIN A VITAMIN B VITAMIN D

PAN 40 0.20 0.18 0.10

CHEESE 31 0.15 0.10 0.14

GOOD 19 0.15 0.40 0.15

MEAT 53 0.30 0.35 0.16

Solution:
What are we going to minimize?
x1the quantity to buy of BREAD
x2the Quantity to buy of CHEESE
x3 the quantity to buy of egg
x4the Quantity to buy of MEAT
Min W = 40x131x2 19x353x4…….(1)
Subject to:
0.20x10.15x20.15x30.30x4>4
0.18 times10.10x20.40x30.35x4>6
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 44/49
(San Marquino Problems)

0.10x10.14x20.15x30.16x4>3
x1, x2, x3, x40

28. (Investments) Julio, who is an investment advisor, is presented with 4 projects with their respective
costs over a period of three years, as well as total profit. It requires maximizing total profit
available with $50,000; $24,000; and $30,000 in each of the following years:

PROJECT TOTAL COST UTILITY COST COST

YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3

X1 100 6 14 5

X2 90 2 8 14

X3 75 9 19 18

X4 80 5 2 9

Solution:
What are we going to minimize?
x1the Amount of Corn Pound for pound of Food
x2the Amount of Soy Flour per Pound of Food
Min Z = 0.2x10.6x2…….(1)
Subject to:
0.001x10.002x2< (90)(0.01) …….. (2)
0.09x10.6x2< (90)(0.3) ……….(3)
0.02x10.06x2(90)(0.05) .......... (4) what is left proposed
x1, x20

Availability:
The available amounts per year are assigned to the different variables or projects under these
restrictions to optimize or
maximize total utility.

29. Suppose that the Agricultural Credit Bank has two investment plans, namely: The first
in the irrigation land program, the second in the rainfed land program. The first program
returns 30% of the investment at the end of the year, while the second plan returns 65% of
the investment, for a term of two years. The interest received in both plans is reinvested from
new in either of the two plans. Formulate the linear program that allows the bank to maximize the
total investment in a six-year period, if the investment is $100 million.
Solution:
What are we going to MAXIMIZE?
xiRthe amount of risk investment for one year i
xitthe Amount of Temporary Investment in 2 years i
where i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Max Z = x1x2x3x4…….(1)
Subject to: (BALANCE RESTRICTIONS)
x1Rx1T< 100,000
x2Rx2T< 1.30x1R
x3Rx3T< 1.30x2R1.65x1T
x4Rx4T< 1.30x3R1.65x2T
x5Rx5T< 1.30x4R1.65x3T
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 45/49
San Marquinos Problems

x6R< 1.30x5R1.65x4T
x1T, xR0

30. A perfume company can advertise its product through the use of radio stations and
television. Its budget limits advertising expenses to $1,500 per month. Each minute of advertisement in the
A radio ad costs $15 and each minute of television advertising costs $90. The company would like to use the
radio at least two times more than television. Historical data shows that every minute of
Television advertising will generate in general terms 30 times more sales than each minute of
radio advertising. Determine the optimal allocation of the monthly budget for radio ads and
television.
Solution: What are we going to Maximize?
x1the monthly budget amount for the Radio
x2the amount of monthly budget for the television
Max Z = x1x2…….(1)
Subject to:
15x190x2< 1500 …….. (2)
x2(2)(x1)
x1(30)(x2) ……….(3)
x1, x2greater than 0

31. A pet store has determined that each hamster should receive at least 70 units of
protein. 100 units of carbohydrates and 20 units of fat. If the store sells the six types of
foods shown in the table. What food mix meets the needs at a cost
minimum for the store?

Food Proteins Carbohydrates Fat Cost

(Units / Ounce)
(Units / Ounce) (Units / Ounce) Ounce

A 20 50 4 2

B 30 30 9 3

C 40 20 11 5

D 40 25 10 6

E 45 50 9 8

F 30 20 10 8

Solution:
What are we going to minimize?
x1the amount to be mixed of A
x2 the amount to mix of B
x3the amount to mix of C
x4the amount to mix of D
x5the amount to be mixed of E
x6the amount to mix of F
Min W = 2x13x25x36x48 times58x6…….(1)
Subject to:
20x130x240x340 times445x530 times6< 70 ......... PROTEIN
50x130x220x325x450x520 times6< 100 ------ CARBOHYDRATES
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 46/49
(San Marquinos Problems)

4x19x211x310x49x510x6< 20 ---------- FAT

x1, x2, x3, x40

A local manufacturing company produces four different metal products that must
machining, polishing, and assembling. The specific time needs (in hours) for each product
they are the following:

Machining Polished Assembly

Product I 3 1 2

Product II 2 1 1

Product III 2 2 2

Product IV 4 3 1

The company has 480 hours available weekly for machining, 400 hours for polishing, and 400 hours.
for the assembly. The unit profits per product are $6, $4, $6, and $8 respectively. The
the company has a contract with a distributor in which it commits to delivering 50 weekly
1 unit of product I and 100 units of any combination of products II and III, as appropriate.
production, but only a maximum of 25 units of product IV. How many units of each product?
the company should manufacture weekly in order to meet all the conditions of the contract and
maximize total profit?
Consider the incomplete pieces as a model of Linear Programming.
Solution:
What are we going to minimize?
x1the quantity to be manufactured of product I
x2the quantity to produce of product II
x3the quantity to be produced of product III
x4the quantity to be manufactured of product IV
Min W = 6x14x26x38x4......(1)
Subject to:
3x12x22x34x4<480
1x11x22x33x4<400
2x11x22x31x4<400
x1> 50
x2x3> 100
x4< 25
x1, x2, x3, x40

33. Four products are processed successively in two machines. The manufacturing times in hours
per unit of each product is tabulated below for the two machines:

Machine Product 1 Product 2 Product 3 Product 4

1 2 3 4 2

2 3 2 1 2

The total cost of producing one unit of each product is directly based on the time of
machine. Assume that the hourly cost for machine 1 and 2 is $10 and $15. The total hours
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 47/49
San Marquinos Problems

The budgeted amounts for all products in machines 1 and 2 are 500 and 380, respectively. If the selling price per
Unit prices for products 1, 2, 3, and 4 are $65, $70, $55, and $45 respectively, formulate the problem as a model.
linear deprogramming to maximize total net benefit.
Solution:
What are we going to maximize?
x1the quantity to manufacture of product 1
x2the quantity to manufacture of product 2
x3the quantity to be manufactured of product 3
x4the quantity to be produced of product 4
Max W = 65x170x255x345x4…….(1)
Subject to:
2x13x24x32x4<500
3x12x21x32x4<380
x1, x2, x3, x40

34. The Delta company has specialized machinery in the plastics industry. The company is preparing.
to start operations next month in January and has $300,000 and ten machines. The operation of
each machine requires $4,000.00 at the beginning of a month to produce and at the end of the month the amount
$9,000.00 however, for every two machines an operator is needed whose monthly salary is
$3000.00 paying at the beginning of the month. The company intends to plan its production, employment of
operator and purchase of machinery that should have, at the beginning of the month seven, the maximum number of
machine in operation.
At the beginning of each month, the company has three options available to acquire machinery.
The first alternative is to buy machines for $20,000.00 each with a delivery period of one
This means that if at the beginning of each month 't' the machinery is requested and paid for, it will be delivered at the beginning of the
mess t 1.
In the second alternative, each machine can be purchased for $15,000.00, but the delivery period
It is in two months. The last alternative is to buy each machine for $10,000.00 with a delivery period
in three months.
Formulate a linear programming model that allows to determine the machinery purchasing policy.
production and payment of operators each month, so that at the beginning of the seventh month there is the
maximum number of machines in operation.
Solution:
What are we going to minimize?
x1the quantity to be produced of product I
x2the quantity to be manufactured of product II
x3the quantity to manufacture of product III
x4the quantity to be manufactured of product IV
Min W = 6x14x26x38x4…….(1)
Subject to:
3x12x22x34x4<480
1x11x22x33x4<400
2x11x22x31x4<400
x1> 50
x2x3100
x4< 25
x1, x2, x3, x40

35. A chemical company that operates 24 hours a day has the following needs
of technical and specialized personnel

Period Time of the day Technical personnel Specialized Personnel

1 6 – 10 20 8
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 48/49
(San Marquino Problems)

40
2 10 – 14 12
80
3 14 - 18 15
45
4 18 – 22 9
25
5 22 – 02 3
10
6 02 - 06 2

Note that period 1 follows period 6. Consider that each person in the company works 8 hours.
consecutive. Suppose that Xty Zt, they denote the number of technical and specialized personnel,
respectively, who start working at the beginning of period t each day. In this company, the agreement
The union establishes that there must always be at least three times the number of personnel.
technical personnel specialized. Establish a linear programming model to determine the
minimum number of technical and specialized personnel to meet daily work needs
enel company.
Solution:
xiRthe amount of technical personnel
xitthe amount of specialized personality
where i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Min Z = x1x2
Subject to:
20 times18x2> 60
40x112x2120
80 times1 15x2240
45x19x23(45)
25x13x2> 75
10x12x2> 30

36. National Railways of Mexico has the following demand at the beginning of next year
diesel locomotives to deploy their system nationwide:

Quarter 1 2 3

Locomotives 750 800 780

Diesel

Railway management can meet its demand by combining the following

alternatives:

a. Use of the existence of diesel locomotives in working condition

b. Purchase of locomotives from abroad which can be delivered at the beginning of any
quarter
c. Repair locomotives in the national workshops as a regular practice. The repair time is
of 6 months.
d. Report locomotives to national workshops urgently. The repair time is
of 3 months.
National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Faculty of Systems Engineering and Computer Science
Operational Research - I Page 49/49
(San Marquin Problems)

Option b has a cost of $5,000,000 per locomotive.

Alternative c has a cost of $100,000 per locomotive
Alternative d has a cost of $250,000 per locomotive.
It is estimated that at the beginning of the year there will be 650 locomotives in working condition and the budget for
the operation for that year is $100,000,000 delivered in quarterly installments of 40, 30, 20, and 10 million
respectively.
It is supposed that at the end of each quarter, 5% of the locomotives must be kept for repairs and 5%
are out of service. Formulate a linear programming problem that allows determining the
combination of policies that the management of F.F.C.C. should take into account to minimize costs and
satisfy the demand for locomotives.
Solution:
What are we going to minimize?
x1the Quantity of Demand in the first quarter
x2the Demand Quantity in quarter 2
x3the Quantity of Demand in quarter 3
Min W = 5,000,000x1100,000x2250,000x3…….(1)
Subject to:
x1x2x3< 100,000,000
750x1800x2780x3650
x1(0.05)(750)
x2> (0.05)(800)
x339
x1, x2, x3, x40