Q-1

[Link] Therapy is a complementary therapy for which there is evidence dating back thousands of
years to the ancient cultures of Egypt, China and India. If we define it in simple terms, Colour is a
light of varying wavelengths, thus each colour has its own particular wavelength and energy.
2. Colours contribute to energy. This energy may be motivational and encouraging. Each of the
seven colours of the spectrum are associated with energy. The energy relating to each of the seven
spectrum colours of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet, resonates with the energy of
each of the seven main chakras/energy centres of the body. Colour therapy can help to re-balance
and/or stimulate these energies by applying the appropriate colour to the body.
3. Red relates to the base chakra, orange the sacral chakra, yellow the solar plexus chakra, green the
heart chakra, blue the throat chakra, indigo the brow chakra (sometimes referred to as the third eye)
and violet relates to the crown chakra.
4. Colour is absorbed by the eyes, skin, skull, our ‘magnetic energy field’ or aura and the energy of
colour affects us on all levels, that is to say, physical, spiritual and emotional. Every cell in the body
needs light energy – thus colour energy has widespread effects on the whole body. There are many
different ways of giving colour, including; Solarised Water, Lightboxes/lamps with colour filters,
colour silks and hands on healing using colour.
5. Colour therapy can be shown to help on a physical level, which is perhaps easier to quantify,
however there are deeper issues around the colours on the psychological and spiritual levels. Our
wellbeing is not, of course, purely a physical issue. Fortunately, many more practitioners, both
orthodox and complementary, are now treating patients in a holistic manner.
6. Colour Therapy is a totally holistic and non-invasive therapy and, really, colour should be a part
of our everyday life, not just something we experience for an hour or two with a therapist. Colour is
all around us everywhere. This wonderful planet does not contain all the beautiful colours of the
rainbow for no reason. Nothing on this earth is here just by chance; everything in nature is here for
a purpose. Colour is no exception. All we need to do is to heighten our awareness of the energy of
colour, absorb it and see how it can transform our lives.
(a) On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and
sub- headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary-minimum four) and a format
you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it.
(b) Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words.
Q-2
[Link] does television affect our lives? It can be very helpful to people who carefully choose the
shows that they watch. Television can increase our knowledge of the outside world; there are high
quality programmes that help us understand many fields of study, science, medicine, the different
arts and so on. Moreover, television benefits very old people, who can’t leave the house, as well as
patients in hospitals. It also offers non-native speakers the advantage of daily informal language
practice. They can increase their vocabulary and practise listening.
2. On the other hand, there are several serious disadvantages of television. Of course, it provides us
with a pleasant way to relax and spend our free time, but in some countries people watch television
for an average of six hours or more a day. Many children stare at the TV screen for more hours a
day than they spend on anything else, including studying and sleeping. It’s clear that TV has a
powerful influence on their lives and that its influence is often negative.
3. Recent studies show that after only thirty seconds of television viewing, a person’s brain ‘relaxes’
the same way that it does just before the person falls asleep. Another effect of television on the
human brain is that it seems to cause poor concentration. Children who view a lot of television can
often concentrate on a subject for only fifteen to twenty minutes. They can pay attention only for
the amount of time between commercials.
4. Another disadvantage is that television often causes people to become dissatisfied with their own
lives. Real life does not seem so exciting to these people. To many people, television becomes more
real than reality and their own lives seem boring. Also many people get upset or depressed when
they can’t solve problems in real life as quickly as television actors seem to.
5. . Before a child is fourteen years old, he or she views eleven thousand murders on the TV. He or
she begins to believe that there is nothing strange about fights, killings and other kinds of violence.
Many studies show that people become more violent after viewing certain programmes. They may
even do the things that they see in a violent show.
(a) One the basis of your reading of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and
subheadings. Use recognizable abbreviations (minimum four) and a format you consider suitable.
Supply a suitable title to it.
(b) Make a summary of the above passage in about 80 words.
Q-3
1. Well-being is not just the absence of disease or illness. It is a complex combination of a person’s
physical, mental, emotional and social health factors. Well-being is strongly linked to happiness and
life satisfaction. In short, it could be described as how one feels about oneself and one’s life. Every
aspect of one’s life influences the state of one’s well-being. Researchers investigating happiness
have found the following factors which enhance a person’s well-being : network of close friends,
enjoyable and fulfilling career, enough money, regular exercise, nutritious diet, sufficient sleep, fun
hobbies and leisure pursuits, healthy self-esteem, optimistic outlook and so on.
2. The factors that influence one’s well-being are interrelated. For example, a job provides not just
money but purpose, goals, friendships and a sense of belonging. Some factors also make up for the
lack of others; for example, a good marriage can compensate for a lack of friendship, while
religious beliefs may help a person to accept physical illness. Money is linked to well-being,
because having enough money improves living conditions and increases social status. But various
international studies have shown that it is the quality of our personal relationships, not the size of
our bank balance, which has the greatest effect on our state of well-being. Believing that money is
the key to happiness can also harm a person’s well-being.
3. Understanding the well-being of the population is very important. Measuring well-being,
however, in a population is difficult because the interpretation of well-being is so subjective — how
one feels about peoples’ lives largely depends on the way one sees it. Like the saying goes: ‘one
person’s problem is another person’s challenge.’
4. Keeping track of a population’s well-being helps governments to decide on particular policies. It
also acts as an indicator for various population trends. For example, knowing the average weekly
income of a population helps to set the ‘poverty line’, which may then influence decisions on social
welfare reforms. Well-being can be achieved through a variety of means. Some are as follows :
developing and maintaining strong relationships with family and friends, making regular time
available for social contact, trying to find work that is enjoyable and rewarding, rather than just
working for the best pay, eating healthy, nutritious foods, doing regular physical activity, involving
oneself in activities that interest the people, joining in local organisations or clubs that appeal,
setting achievable goals and working towards them and trying to be optimistic and enjoying each
day.
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage, make notes on it using recognizable
abbreviations (minimum four), wherever necessary. Use a format you consider suitable. Give
it a suitable title also. (5)
(b) Write a summary of the above passage in about 80 words. (3)