M.
Prakash Institute Revision Schedule
Probability Class Test
Section I - Single Option Correct - 12 questions
1. 3 integers are chosen at random from the set of first 20 natural numbers. The chance
that their product is a multiple of 3 , is:
194 1 13 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
285 57 19 4
2. Three critics review a book. Odds in favour of the book are 5 : 2, 4 : 3 and 3 : 4
respectively for the three critics. The probability that majority are in favour of the
book is :
35 125 164 209
(A) (B) (C) (D)
49 343 343 343
3. Numbers are selected at random one at a time, from the numbers 00, 01, 02, . . . . . . . . . ., 99
with replacement. An event E occurs if and only if the product of the digits of a
selected number is 18 . If four numbers are selected, the probability that the event
E occurs 3 times is equal to :
37 24 96
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
390625 390625 390625
4. S1: 5 letters are selected from the letters of word MISSISIPPI. The probability, that
3 of them are alike and other two are also alike but their kind is different from those
23
of 3 alike, is 10
C5
S2 : A submatrix of order 2 × 2 is randomly selected from a matrix of order 5 × 4.
The probability that the rows of the selected matrix are adjacent rows of the parent
3
matrix, is
5
S3 : A, B and C are three shooters. Their probabilities of hitting a target are
4 3 2
, and respectively. If all of them make an attempt on the target and it is found
5 4 3
that two of them have missed out then the probability that A has hit the target is
2
equal to
5
(A) TFT (B) FFT (C) FTF (D) TTF
5. A dice is thrown (2n + 1) times. The probability that faces with even numbers
appear odd number of times is
2n + 1 n+1 n 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2n + 3 2n + 1 2n + 1 2
6. A 10 digit numbers is chosen with odd digits. If the probability that no two con-
µ
4
secutive digits are same is , then find the value of (µ − λ).
λ
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1
7. There are 4 urns. The first urn contains 1 white and 1 black ball, the second urn
contains 2 white and 3 black balls, the third urn contains 3 white and 5 black balls
and the fourth urn contains 4 white and 7 black balls. The selection of each urn is
1
i2 + 1
not equally likely. The probability of selecting ith urn is , (i = 1, 2, 3, 4 ). If
34
we randomly select one of these urns and draw a ball, then the probability of ball
being white is
569 27 8
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
1496 56 73
8. Consider the following statements :
S1 : If two die are thrown simultaneously, then probability of getting a total of 7 is
7
.
36
S2 : Each of A and B throw two die, if A throws 9 , then probability of B is of
1
throwing a higher number than A is
6
S3 : If P (A1 ∪ A2 ) = 1 − P A1 · P A2 C , then A1 and A2 are independent State,
C
in order, whether S1 , S2 , S3 are true or false
(A) T T T (B) F TF (C) FFT (D) F T T
9. A man draws 3 cards from a pack of reshuffled cards and then put them back. This
process is repeated thrice. Probability of drawing at least 2 face cards at least twice
is :
3 3
112 .233 112 .222 11 74
(A) 3
(B) 3
(C) (D)
(85) (85) 85 85
10. If two numbers x and y are drawn with replacement from the set S = {1, 2, 3, . . . . . . , n},
then the probability p2 that x2 − y 2 is divisible by 2 is given by
h n i 2
(A) p2 = 2
n
hni h n i 2
(B) p2 = 1 − 2 2 + 2 2
n n
1
(C) p2 =
2
(D) None of these
11. A bag contains 5 brown and 4 white socks. A man pulls out two socks. The proba-
bility that these are of the same colour, is :
5 18 30 48
(A) (B) (C) (D)
108 108 108 108
12. The mean and standard deviation of a binomial variate X are 4 and 3 respectively.
Then P (X ≥ 1) =
16 16 16 16
1 3 2 1
(A) 1 − (B) 1 − (C) 1 − (D) 1 −
4 4 3 3
2
Section II - More than one Answer - 12 questions
13. A Six-faced die is biased such that when it is thrown, the chance of showing an even
number is twice that of an odd number. If it is thrown thrice, then the probability
that the sum of three numbers thrown is even, is a/b (given a&b are coprime) then
(A) a + b = 40 (B) a & b are both prime (C) b − a = 13 (D) a + b = 41
14. N fair coins are flipped once. The probability that at most 2 of the coins show up
1
as heads is then the value of N is not
2
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 7
15. A bag initially contains one red & two blue balls. An experiment consisting ot se-
lecting a ball at random, noting its colour & replacing it together with an additional
ball of the same colour. If three such trials are made, then:
(A) probability that atleast one blue ball is drawn is 0.9
(B) probability that exactly one blue ball is drawn is 0.2
(C) probability that all the drawn balls are red given that all the drawn balls are of
same colour is 0.2
(D) probability that atleast one red ball is drawn is 0.6 .
16. Two real numbers, x&y are selected at random. Given that 0 ≤ x ≤ 1; 0 ≤ y ≤ 1.
Let A be the event that y 2 ≤ x; B be the event that x2 ≤ y, then:
1
(A) P (A ∩ B) = (B) A&B are exhaustive events
3
(C) A&B are mutually exclusive (D) A & B are independent events.
17. Two persons A and B have n + 1 and n coins respectively, which they toss simulta-
neously. Then the probability that A will have more heads than B is :
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) > (C) < (D) >
2 2 2 3
18. Consider the cartesian plane R2 and let X denote the subset of points for which
1
both coordinates are integers. A coin of diameter is tossed randomly into the
2
plane. The probability p that the coin covers a point of X satisfies :
π π π 1
(A) P = (B) p < (C) p > (D) p =
16 3 30 4
19. Identify the correct statements.
(A) Two persons each make a single throw with a die. The probability they get
equal values is P1 . Four persons each make a single throw and probability of exactly
three being equal is P2 . Then P1 greater than P2 .
(B) Each of A & B throw 2 dice, if A throws 9 , then B ’s probability of throwing
1
a higher number is
6
(C) If P (A1 ∪ A2 ) = 1 − P (Ac1 ) · P (Ac2 ), then A1 and A2 are independent
(D) If the events A, B, C are independent, then A, B, C̄ are independent
3
20. Let set ’ A ’ has 7 elements and set B has 5 elements. If one function is selected
from all possible defined functions from A to B then
7! × 2
(A) the probability that it is onto is
3 × 56
7! × 2
(B) the probability that it is into is
3 × 56
(C) the probability that it is one-one is 0
7! × 2
(D) the probability that it is into is 1 −
3 × 56
21. Identify the correct statements
(A) x + y + z = 5, xy + yz + zx = 3 and x + 2y ̸= 5(x, y, z ∈ R) then the probability
13
for x is positive only is
16
(B) If x + y + z = 5 and xy + yz + zx = 3 then maximum and minimum values of
x, y and z are same.
(C) Minimum value of x is -1
13
(D) Maximum value of x is
3
22. Identify the correct statement.
(A) Two non-negative integers are chosen at random. The probability that the sum
of their squares is divisible by 5 is 9/25.
(B) Two non-negative integers are chosen at random. The probability that the sum
of their squares is divisible by 5 is 8/25.
(C) An integer is marked on each of 5 different tickets. The integers maked are out
of 5 consecutive integers. If no two tickets bears equal numbers, then the probability
2
that the numbers on three tickets at random are in A.P. is
15
(D) An integer is marked on each of (2n + 1) different tickets. The integers maked
are out of (2n + 1) consecutive integers. If no two tickets bears equal numbers, then
3n
the probability that the numbers on three tickets at random are in A.P. is 2 .
4n − 1
23. There are four boxes A1 , A2 , A3 and A4 . Box A1 has i cards and on each card a
number is printed, the numbers are from 1 to i. A box is selected randomly, the
i
probability of selection of box Ai is and then a card is drawn. Let Ei represents
10
the event that a card with number ’ i ’ is drawn. Then
2
(A) P (E1 ) is equal to
5
1
(B) P (A3 /E2 ) is equal to
3
(C) Expectation of the number on the card is 2
(D) Expectation of the number on the card is 3
24. Let n = 10k + r when k, r ∈ N, 0 ≤ r ≤ 9. A number a is chosen at random from
the set {1, 2, . . . .n} and let pn denote the probability that a2 − 1 is divisible by 10 .
(A) If r = 0, pn equals 2k/n (B) If r = 9, pn equals 2(k + 1)/n
(C) If 1 ≤ r ≤ 8, pn equals 2(k + 1)/n (D) If 1 ≤ r ≤ 8, pn equals (2k + 1)/n
4
Section III - Numerical Answer - 12 questions
25. A die is rolled three times, the probability of getting a larger number than the pre-
vious number is p/q, where p and q are coprime natural numbers. Find p + q.
26. A bag contains 5 white and 3 red balls. A ball is selected at random and discarded
after noting its coiour and, two balls of the other colour put in the bag. A ball now
drawn from the bag is white and the probability that discarded ball was also white
λ
is , then find λ.
41
27. A 5 digit number is formed by using the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4&5 without repetition. The
probability that the number is divisible by 6 is m/100, then the value of m is:
28. An unbiased coin is tossed 6 times. The probability that 3rd head appears on the 6
th trial is p/q, where p and q are coprime natural numbers. Find p + q.
29. There are two urns A and B. Urn A contains 5 red, 3 blue and 2 white balls, urn B
contains 4 red, 3 blue and 3 white balls. An urn is chosen at random and a ball is
drawn. Probability, that the ball drawn is red, is equal to p, then find the value of
[1/p]. (Where [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x.)
1 1 1
30. Let A, B, C, D be independent events such that P (A) = , P (B) = , P (C) =
2 3 5
1 ′ ′
and P (D) = , then the probability that none of A, B , C and D occurs is p, the
6
1/3p is
31. There are 8 girls among whom two are sisters, all of them are to sit on a round
table. The probability that the two sisters do not sit together is p/q, where p and
q are coprime natural numbers. Find p2 + q 2 .
32. A pair of unbiased dice are rolled together till a sum of ’either 5 or 7 ’ is obtained.
The probability that 5 comes before 7 is p, then 60p is equal to -
33. A ten digit number is formed without repeating any digit. The probability that the
difference of the digits at equal distances from the begining and the end is always 1
, is p, then find the value of [1/p]. (Where [x] denotes the greatest integer less than
or equal to x )
34. If a and b are chosen randomly by throwing a pair of fair dice and p is the probability
x 2
a + bx x 2
that lim = 6, then is equal to
x→0 2 p
35. Seven white balls and three black balls are randomly placed in row. If probability
a
that, no two black balls are placed adjacently is equal to , where a and b are
b
co-prime to each other, then find the value of (b − a).
36. An integer x is chosen from the first 100 positive integers. The probability that,
100 p
x+ > 50 is (where p and q are coprime) then |q − p| is equal to:
x q
5
Section IV - Paragraph Single answer correct - 3 questions
Paragraph
A player ’A’ plays a game against a machine. At each round he deposits one rupee
in a slot and then flips a coin which has a probability p of showing a head. If the
flipped coin show head, he gets back the rupee he deposited and one more rupee
from the machine, else he loses his rupee. Let A starts with 10 rupee coins and
q = 1 − p (the probability of showing a tail), then
37. The probability that he will be drained out with all of his rupee coins exactly at
the eleventh round is -
(A) q 11 (B) 1 − q 11 (C) pq 10 + q 11 (D) 0
38. The probability that all his money will be finished exactly at the twelth round is -
(A) q 12 (B) 1 − q 12 (C) 10
C1 pq11 (D) 12
C2 p2 q 10
39. The probability that he is left with no money by the 14th round or earlier is -
(A) q 10 (1 + 10pq + 65p2 q 2 ) (B) q 14 (p2 q + 36pq + 7)
(C) q 12 + 3pq 13 + 3p13 q + p12 (D) 1 − 10 C1 pq 11 − 10 C2 p2 q12