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Understanding Types of Immunity

The document outlines the tissue macrophage system and lymphoid components involved in immunity, detailing the roles of various macrophages in different tissues. It distinguishes between innate and acquired immunity, describing the functions of T and B lymphocytes, including their storage in secondary lymphoid organs and the mechanisms of action for cytotoxic T cells. Additionally, it explains the structure of antibodies and their specificity to antigens.

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Rabab Polishwala
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10 views53 pages

Understanding Types of Immunity

The document outlines the tissue macrophage system and lymphoid components involved in immunity, detailing the roles of various macrophages in different tissues. It distinguishes between innate and acquired immunity, describing the functions of T and B lymphocytes, including their storage in secondary lymphoid organs and the mechanisms of action for cytotoxic T cells. Additionally, it explains the structure of antibodies and their specificity to antigens.

Uploaded by

Rabab Polishwala
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tissue Macrophage System

In Skin and subcutaneous tissue : Histiocytes


Lymph nodes: Macrophage
Lung: Alveolar Macrophages
: Giant cell (if the particle is not digestible)
Liver: Kupffer cells
If the invading organism still succeeds in entering in general circulation 
Spleen and Bone marrow (RES- Reticuloendothelial system)

Lymphoid Component
1. Primary lymphoid organs: Thymus, Bone marrow
2. Peripheral lymphoid organs: Lymph nodes, Spleen, MALT
IMMUNITY

Innate Acquired

Blood
Anatomical proteins/
barrier
Phagocytosis Passive Active
lymphokines

Naturally Artificially Naturally Naturally


Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired

Post Antibodies Antibodies


infection Vaccination through from
antibodies abreast milk medicines
After preprocessing, T and B lymphocytes are stored in secondary
lymphoid organ i.e lymphoid tissues, spleen & tonsils
Suppressor
SuppressorT Tcells
Cells
Cytotoxic T cells = Killer cells

Secretes hole forming proteins called


perforins  it literally punch out the
membranes  cytotoxic substances
cell death
Suppress the function of Cytotoxic T
cells and Helper T cells

- Prevent excessive Immune reaction

- Immune Tolerance
• B cell receptor
• Specific for only one type of antigen
• Antigen is presented to T cell also
Y shaped
4 polypeptide chain (2 Heavy & 2 light )

Light chain
• Variable (VL) and constant (CL) region
• Mol. Wt. 25000, 220 amino acids
• κ and λ
Heavy chain
• Variable(VH) & Constant region(CH)
• Mol. Wt. 55000, 440 amino acids
• Antibodies are named depending on heavy
chains i.e. μ, γ, α, δ, ε
Body surface hypersensitivity

Body fluid
Blood stream

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