School: Romblon National Grade Level: 10

GRADES 1 TO 12 High School

DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher: Charlyn M. Rocero Learning Mathematics
Area:
Teaching Dates November 11, 2025 Quarter: Third Quarter
and time Wednesday
8:00am – 9:30am
Parts
I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards The leaner demonstrates understanding of the key concept of
parallelogram and triangle similarity.
B. Performance The learner is able to investigate, analyze, and solve problems involving
Standards parallelograms and triangle similarity through appropriate and accurate
representation.
C. Learning At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
Competencies /  Derives the formula for finding the number of n objects taken r at a
Objectives time (M10SP- lllla-2)

At the end of 60-minute lesson, the learner should be able to:

a. State the formula in getting the permutations of n objects taken at r

at a time.
b. Find the number of permutations of n objects taken at r at a time.
c. Appreciate permutations as a vital part of one’s life.

II. CONTENT PERMUTATION OF N OBJECTS TAKEN AT R AT A TIME

III. LEARNING Mathematics 10 (M10SP-IIIa-2)
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages 252 – 255

2. Learner’s Materials 286 - 290

pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional Materials http:/[Link]/data/basic-counting-principle.htm1
from Learning Resource http:/[Link]/Permutations/permutations%20millionare.htm1
(LR) portal
B. Other Learning Laptop, PowerPoint Presentation, visual aids, chalk, board
Resource
Integration: Real-life situation
Values Integration: Creativity, patience, accuracy, practical application of mathematics

IV. PROCEDURES
A. Reviewing previous PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES
lesson or
presenting the new 1. Prayers
lesson Everyone let’s all stand up for our
prayer, who is the leader prayer “(one student will lead the
today? Please come in front and prayer)”
lead the prayer.

2. Greetings
Good morning class! Before you sit “Good morning,Ma’am (the
down, kindly arrange your chairs students will arrange their
properly and pick up the pieces of chairs and pick up the pieces
trash around you. of trash)

3. Checking of Attendance “The assigned student will

Last meeting, I assigned one of your tell the teacher who are the
classmates to monitor the absent for absentees”
today? May I know who is the absent
today?

4. Review of Previous Lesson

Teacher asks:
 “Before we proceed to our new
topic, let’s review what we learned
last time. This will help us
understand today’s lesson better.”

Review Question:
1. “What is the Fundamental Counting “The FCP states that if one
Principle or FCP?” event has m possible outcomes
2. What is the Permutation? and a second independent
event has n possible outcomes,
then the total number of
outcomes is m x n.”

The permutation is used to

indicate ordered arrangement
of objects in a definite order

“Excellent!

5. Setting of classroom Standards

Remind students to:
 Listen attentively
 Participate actively
 Respect other’s ideas
 Work cooperatively

B. Establishing a MOTIVATION
 purpose for the “”
lesson
Scenario:
“Maria forgot her 4-digit smartphone
passcode! She remembers that she used
the digits 2, 5, 7, and 9, but she can’t
remember the order. The phone will lock
permanently after 10 wrong attempts.
How many attempts passcodes could
Maria try? Will 10 attempts be enough?”

QUESTIONS:
1. How many digits does Maria need to
arrange? Students answer:
2. Can she repeat any digit? 1. She needs to arrange
3. Does the order matter for a 4-digits: 2, 5, 7, 9.
passcode? 2. No, she can’t repeat
4. How can we systematically count all any digit because
possible arrangements? each digit appears
only in her passcode.
3. Yes! The order
definitely matters
because 2579 is
completely different
from 9572, even
though they use the
same digits.
4. We could list
possibilities, but that
would take forever!

All your answer is correct!

Today, we will learn the formula that will

help us quickly calculate the numbers of
possible arrangements without listing
them all!

C. Presenting PRESENTATION
examples/instances
of new lesson n The different arrangements which
factorial can be made out of a given number of
things by taking some or all at a time are
called permutations.

If r and n are positive integers such

that 1 ≤ r ≤ n. Then the number of
permutations of n things taken r at a time
is denoted by P(n, r) or nPr.

If 1 ≤ r ≤n. The number of all

permutations of n different things taken r
at a time is given by:
P (n, r) = n! / (n, r)!

The number of permutations of n

things taken r at a time is the same as the
number of different ways in which these
items can be arranged.
 The first place can be filled up by
any one of this n ways.
 The second place can be filled in
(n-1) ways.
 The third place can be filled in (n-
2) ways.
 By the fundamental counting
principle, the number of ways of
filling up the first three places is
n(n-1) (n-2).
 Continuing this pattern, the r th
place can be filled up with any of
these (n-(r-1)) ways
The total number of ways to fill r
places with n different thing is given by:
P (n, r) = n(n-1) (n-2) … (n-r+1)
= n (n, r) (n, -2) …(n-r+1) ((n-r) …3.2.1
(n-r) (n-r-1) …3.2.1
= n! / (n-r)!
The product of the positive integer n and
all the positive integers less than n.

n! = n(n-1) (n-2) … (3 x 2 x 1)

Example 1:

5! = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1
= 120

Permutation
 Refers to the different possible
arrangements of the set of objects.
 The number of permutations of n
objects taken r at the time is:
Here, n represents the total of objects
that are present in a set.
And r represents the number of
selected objects arranged in a certain
order.
n!
P ( n , r )= n≥r
(n , r )!
Examples 2:

Evaluate P (7, 3)
 7!
P ( 7 , 3 )=
( 7−3 ) !
7!
¿
4!

7 x6 x5 x 4 x 3x 2x 1
¿
4 x3 x2 x1
= 120
The permutation of n objects taken all at a
time is:
P ( n , r )=n !
Example 3:
P ( 4 , 4 ) =4 x 3 x 2 x 1
= 24

Is there any question to our discussion? None, sir!

If there have no question let’s try to

answer this problem?
GUIDED PRACTICE

Problem 1: How many ways can you

arrange the letters of the word “MATH.”

Teacher Guide:
Let’s solve this together. First, what do we
need to identify?

We have 4 letters: M, A, T,
and H. we’re arranging all of
Excellent! What formula should we use? them, so n = 4 and r = 4

P (4,4) = 4!
Perfect! Now let’s calculate

 P (4,4) = 4!
 4! = 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24

“There are 24 different ways

to arrange the letters M, A, T,
and H.”
Excellent! Answer.
Next, try to answer this scenario?

D. Discussing new INDEPENDENCE PRACTICE

concept and
practicing new skill Beauty Pageant
#1
“One of the schools in RNHS will conduct
a beauty pageant “Search for Binibining
Kalikasan.” For this year, 10 students join
 on the said event. In how many ways can
second runner up, first runner up and the
title holder be selected?
Students answer:
Solution:
Given: n = 10 students, r = 3
winners

10 !
P ( 10 ,3 )=
( 10−3 ) !

10!
=
7!

=
10 x 9 x 8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1
7 x 6x 5 x 4 x3 x2 x1

= 720 ways
There are 720 ways to select
top three winners
Correct answers!
Everyone

E. Discussing new INDEPENDENCE PRACTICE

concept and
practicing new skill Compute the permutation of the following:
#2 Students answer:
1. P(5,3)
2. P(7,4) 1. P(5,3) = 5! / (5 - 3)!
3. P(9,8)
= 5! / 2!
= (5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1) / (5 x 4 x
3 x 2 x 1)
P(5,3) = 20

2. P(7,4) = 7! / (7 – 4)!

= 7! / 3!
= (7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1) /
(3 x 2 x 1)
P(7,4) = 220

3. P(9,8) = 9! / (9 – 8)!

= 9! / 1!
= (9 x 8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x
2 x 1) / (8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3
x 2 x 1)
P(9,8) = 9

F. Developing It takes only for 10 seconds

 Mastery (leads to
formative Directions: You have to answer to
assessment 3) answer every question for 10 seconds.
Every correct answer has a
corresponding point.

1. In how many ways can three

runners line up on the starting line?

a. Three
b. Nine
c. Six
d. Five

2. In how many ways can 4 books be

arranged in a shelf?
Students answer:
a. 24 1. C
b. 12 2. A
c. 8 3. A
d. 4 4. D
5. A
3. In how many ways can a scoop of
chocolate, a scoop of vanilla and
one of strawberry be arranged on
an ice cream cone?

a. Six
b. Nine
c. Ten
d. Seven

4. A class has 10 students. How

many choices for a president and
vice-president are possible?

a. 100
b. 90
c. 10,000
d. 1000

5. A couch can hold five people. In

how many ways can five people sit
on a couch?

a. 120
b. 125
c. 150
d. 100

G. Finding practical REAL-LIFE APPLICATON:

application of new
 concept and skill in Question for everyone:
daily living
Now that we learn about permutations,
where do you see this concept in your
everyday life? Student 1 Response:
My mown owns a
restaurant, and she always
worries about seating
arrangements for big parties.
Now I can help her calculate
how many ways to arrange
people at different tables!

Student 2 Response:
In our basketball
team, our coach arranges
our line up differently
depending on the opponent.
Now, I realize he’s using
permutations! With 12
players and 5 positions,
there are so many possible
starting lineups.

Student 3 Response:
I never thought
about it before, but when I
create passwords, I’m
actually using permutations!
That’s why longer passwords
with no repeated characters
are more secure – there are
more possible permutations!

Excellent examples! Why is it important to

know permutation formulas instead of just
counting by listing?
Student 4 Response:
Also, understanding
permutation helps me in
probability problems. Like, if I
want to know my chances of
winning a race, I need to
know all possible finishing
orders first.

H. Generalizing and Processing Question:

abstraction about Before we end, let’s summarize what we
the lesson learn today.
Who can tell me the main formula we
used?
The permutation formula is P
 (n, r) = n! / (n-r)!
Perfect! Next question? When do we use
permutation?
Student 1 answer: We use
permutation the order or
sequence is important.

Student 2 answer: we
arranging distinct or different
objects.

Student 3 answer: we can’t

repeat objects.
Great answer!

I. Evaluating FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT (Quiz)

Learning Directions: Compute the permutations of
the following.

1. P(4,2)
2. P(5,3)
3. P(10,6)
4. P(9,5)
5. P(7,5)

Answer key:
1. 12
2. 20
3. 5040
4. 3024
5. 42

J. Additional activities REMEDIATION:

for application or
remediation For Struggling Learners:
Evaluate the following permutations.

1. P(7,3)
2. P(10,6)
3. P(8,5)
4. P(6,1)
5. P(11,6)
6. P(20,18)
7. P(9,5)
8. P(7,7)
9. P(15,5)
10. P(13,10)
 For Advance Learners:
Research and solve: How many ways can
the letters of the word “PERMUTATION”
be arranged

V. REMARKS
VI. REFLECTION

Prepared by:

JONIE R. RODELAS
Student Teacher Mathematics

Checked by:
RACHEL T. ROBIS
Cooperating Teacher

Noted by:
KAREN G. MARCO, LPT
Headteacher Teacher III - Math