Database Management System

Fill in the blanks

1. Database
2. Database Management System
3. Flat File
4. Database Servers
5. Back-end
Short Answer Questions
1. DBMS stands for Database Management System. A Database Management System is
a software system or a set of computer programs that allows the users to create, retrieve
and update information in a database. It is an integrated and systematic arrangement of
data, files, records and other objects which uses a database in a fast and efficient way.

2. Flat file is a data model that consists of only one table. All the relevant and required
fields are included in this single table. On the other hand, the relational data model
overcomes the limitations of the single or flat file model. Unlike flat files, the relational
model stores data in multiple tables which are linked to each other through a common
field (known as key).

3. The advantages of database are as follows: (a) It gives a structured and efficient way to
store large volume of data. (b) It makes data accessible to users and applications,
enabling the retrieval of information as needed. (c) It helps to maintain data integrity and
reduce data redundancy through normalization. (d) It allows multiple users and
applications to share data, facilitating collaboration and data exchange.

4. Data Redundancy refers to the duplication of data within a database. It happens when
the same information is stored multiple times across different locations or tables.

5. Data Integrity refers to the enforcement of rules so that the accuracy, consistency and
reliability of data can be maintained through the life cycle of data. Maintaining data
integrity is crucial for ensuring truthfulness in data.

Fill in the Blanks

1. Tuples, Attributes
2. Primary Key
3. Domain of Relation
4. primary
5. Alternate
Short Answer Questions
1. The various database objects include: (a) Table: It is a combination of rows and
columns. It helps to organize data and acts as a container that holds data related to a
specific entity. (b) Query: It is a request made to a database for retrieving the required
information. (c) Form: It helps a user to enter data into the database. (d) Report: It is a
formal and formatted representation of data and contains useful data for analysis and
decision-making and is obtained as a result of database queries.
2. Some examples of database systems are: MySQL, PostgreSQL, MS Access, IBM Db2,
MongoDB, Cassandra, LibreOffice Base, etc.
3. Primary key is an attribute or a group of attributes that can uniquely identify tuples
within a relation while foreign key is a non-key attribute whose values are derived from
the primary key of some other base table. The primary key of one table is often
referenced as a foreign key in another table to establish relationships between the tables.
4. Relational Database Management System or RDBMS is a special database software
required to store, maintain and retrieve data from multiple tables into a single database.
RDBMS helps to organize data into tables, rows and columns and thus provides a
structured and efficient way to store and retrieve information.
5. Form in DBMS is a way through which a user can enter data whereas query is a
request made to a database for retrieving the required information.
Fill in the Blanks
1. Columns, rows
2. Attribute or Field or column
3. Row or Tuple
4. Data types
5. two or more
Short Answer Questions
1. There are two ways to create a table in LibreOffice Base: (a) Create Table in Design
View — We can follow the given steps to create a table: (i) Click on Create Table in
Design View from Tasks pane. (ii) In the Table Design window, under field name,
specify the field names for the table and their type. (iii) Set the field properties and its
parameters. (iv) Enter the field name one by one and its type from the drop-down menu.
(v) Save the table from File → Save as option and click the OK button. (b) Creating a
Table using Table Wizard — We can follow the below-given steps to create a table: (i)
Under the Database side panel, click on the Tables component and in the tasks pane,
select Use Wizard to Create Table (ii) In the Table Wizard dialog box, select the required
Category, table from Sample tables and add the desired fields from the Available fields
sections, respectively, and click Next. (iii) Set the preferred properties for the respective
fields. (iv) Create a primary key (optional). (v) Name your table and click Finish.
2. The various datatypes used in DBMS/RDBMS are as follows: (a) Numeric types like
Integer, Decimal, Floating Point, etc. (b) Alphanumeric types like Char, Varchar, Text,
etc. (c) Binary types like LongVarBinary, VarBinary, etc. (d) Data & Time

3. Numeric data types include Boolean, TinyInt, SmallInt, Integer, bitInt, etc.
4. Alphanumeric data types include LongVarChar, Char, Varchar, etc.

5. A table in a database is a combination of rows and columns. Each row represents a

single record and each column defines the type of information stored in it. Table helps
organize the data logically, making, updating, retrieving and manipulating it easily.

Fill in the Blanks

1. Tables
2. Three
3. Integrity constraints
4. Primary Key and Foreign Key
5. Referential Integrity

Short Answer Questions

1. The file extension used by LibreOffice Base to create a database is .odb (open
database).

2. The file formats supported by LibreOffice Base are: (a) .odb (open database) (b) .odf
(open document format) (c) .odt (open document text)

3. The types of relationships that can be created in LibreOffice Base are: (a) One-to-One:
One tuple at most is associated with one tuple of another table. (b) One-to-Many: One
tuple can reference one or more tuples of another table but the other table can reference
one tuple of the first table. (c) Many-to-Many: Multiple tuples of one table can have
multiple matching with tuples of another related table.

4. Sorting is defined as arranging the data in ascending or descending order. To sort the
data stored in a table, we can click on the column and then click the Sort Ascending or
Sort Descending button to sort the data accordingly.

5. Referential Integrity helps to make the table remain consistent, i.e., if one table has a
foreign key referring to another table’s primary key, the value in the foreign key must
exist in the table that is being referenced to. For example, in a case where the ‘Orders’
table references the ‘Customers’ table using a foreign key ‘CustomerID’, if a customer
record is deleted from the ‘Customers’ table, the corresponding records in the ‘Orders’
table with the same ‘CustomerID’ are either deleted or set to default values to maintain
data integrity.
 Fill in the Blanks
1. Query
2. SQL
3. Criterion
4. Selecting Queries
5. Query Design View
6. Query Wizard
Short Answer Questions
1. A query is defined as a request made to a database for retrieving the required
information. Running a query is like asking a detailed question from a database.

2. The different ways provided by LibreOffice Base to perform a query are: (a) Query
Design View (b) Query Wizard (c) SQL View

3. The steps to create a query using Query wizard are as follows: (a) Select Queries from
the Database pane and then click Use Wizard to Create Query in the Tasks pane. (b) In
the Query Wizard dialog box, select the desired table and add the required fields in the
query and click Next. (c) Select the fields on which you want to sort the data. (d) Specify
the search condition to be applied for filtering the records from the table matching the
given condition. (e) Select an option, either “Detailed query” or “Summary query”, as per
the requirements. Click Next. (f) Perform Aliasing if required. (g) Enter the relevant
name of the query and click Finish.

4. Query Design View in LibreOffice Base offers a GUI for visually designing query by
providing users the feature of drag-and-drop tables and fields, specify criteria,
relationships, etc., thereby giving more control over query creation. On the other hand,
Query Wizard is a step-by-step process of query creation thereby giving less control as
compared to Query Design View over query creation.

5. In Query Design, we can understand Criteria as a way to give constraints or

conditions or rules that will be applied on the queries.

Unsolved Questions Ans

1. DBMS stands for Database Management System.

2. Ans 2. RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System. It is a special

database software required to store, maintain and retrieve data from multiple tables
present in a single database. It is used to define and build a strong relationship
between database tables.

3. Ans 3. RDBMS works with a relational database, which comprises multiple data sets
organized in the form of two or more tables and their respective records and columns.
Ans 4. In LibreOffice Base, we can create tables in the following two ways: (a) Create
Table in Design View (b) Use Wizard to Create Table

Ans 5. Data types in DBMS/RDBMS are used to identify which type of data we are
going to store in the database. Fields in a table can be of various types depending on the
data values they contain. Once a data type has been defined, it will not accept a different
type of data. If data of some other type is entered into a field other than its defined data
type, then it will result in an error. They contribute to the consistency, reliability and
efficiency of database management by providing structured rules for data representation
and manipulation.

Ans 6. We can change a field’s width and position in a form by right-clicking on the
desired control of a form and selecting the Control Properties option. The Properties:
Multiselection window will be displayed, showing a sequence of properties such as
Width, PositionX, PositionY, etc.

Ans 7. The components of Query Design area while creating a Query in Design View are
as follows: (a) Table Pane—This area displays the tables or queries added to the query
design. Each table appears as a box listing its fields. We can do the following: (i) Add
tables or queries using the Add Tables or Query dialog box. (ii) View and select fields to
include in your query. (iii) Establish relationships between tables by dragging fields from
one table to another. (b) Toolbar—it is located at the top, the toolbar provides quick
access to various functions, such as: (i) Running the query to view results. (ii) Saving the
query. (iii) Switching between design and SQL views. (iv) Adding or removing tables
from the design (c) Grid Area—it is also known as the Query Design Grid, allows us to
specify details for each field in your query. The various components of Grid Area are: (i)
Field: Shows fields used in the query (ii) Alias: Displays an alternate name of the field
which can be modified if required (iii) Table: Lists the table each field is from (iv) Sort:
Allows you to choose a sort order for the query (v) Visible: Unchecks field boxes for the
fields you do not want to display in the query result (vi) Function: Allows you to select a
function for the query (vii) Criterion: Specifies record filter criteria in the row (viii) Or:
Specifies ‘or’ criteria in the row

Ans 8. Yes, queries can be created on multiple fields. For example, if you want to extract
records based on specific criteria involving multiple columns, you can specify conditions
in the “Criterion” section below each required field. Use the “Or” section for conditions
where any one of them should be true. For instance, a query could be created to display
records where ‘Fee’ is greater than or equal to 4000 and ‘NoOfCredit’ achieved by
students is less than 3. After specifying the conditions, click ‘Run Query’ or press F5 to
see the matching records in the output. 44 Essentials of Information Technology—
Teacher’s Manual
Ans 9. There are two ways to create forms in a database: (a) Create Form in Design View
(b) Create Form using Wizard On the other hand, reports can be created using the Use
Wizard to Create Report option.

Ans 10. The advantages of establishing relationships between tables in a database are as
follows: (a) It saves time as common data is not required to be repeated in different
tables. (b) It reduces the chances of storing erroneous data. (c) It creates or summarizes
data from two or more related tables at a particular time.

Ans 11. The two benefits of creating relationships between tables in a database are as
follows: (CBSE 2024) (a) It saves time as common data is not required to be repeated in
different tables. (b) It reduces the chances of storing erroneous data.

Ans 12. (i) Database: It is an organized collection of interrelated data that serves multiple
applications. For example, a School database may include tables related to students,
teachers, results, etc. (CBSE 2024) (ii) Table: It is a combination of rows and columns.
In the relational model, a table is referred to as a relation, which is a combination of
tuples and attributes. We can also say that it is a named collection of data items which
represents a complete unit of information. For example, tables like Student, Employee,
etc. (iii) Field: It is a set of characters used to represent values of a certain type. It can
also be referred to as a column or attribute. For example, in the Student table, fields
include Rollno, Stu_Name, DOB, etc. (iv) Composite Primary Key: A primary key can
be a combination of more than one field, called a composite primary key. For example, in
the Sales table, the combination of Cust_Id and Product_Id is defined as a composite
primary key.