CALCULATION OF AVAILABLE NPSH OF PUMPED FLUID in Ft

GENERAL

NPSHd = ( P + Pa - Pv ) * 2.31 / SG + ( +/- H - D - Pf )

15.8 =0.5 14.5 14.7 0.57 17.8 0.666 2.51 Calculation Bar
Ft Psig Psi Dog Ft Liq Ft Liq Ft Liq

Where:
NPSHd Positive Suction Head Available
P Pressure on the fluid
Dad Atmospheric Pressure
Pv Vapor Pressure of the liquid at the Working Temperature
2.31 Conversion Factor to Ft of Water
SG Specific Gravity of the fluid at the Working Temperature.
H Static fluid height related to the floor. Above (+) or Below (-).
D Distance to the Center Line of the Suction Nozzle with respect to the floor.
Pf Losses due to friction in the suction system.

NOTE: There must be a Safety Margin between the available NPSH and the required NPSH by the pump, such that
allow its proper start-up (overcoming the fluid acceleration load), support the increase of
the losses due to friction caused by the deterioration of the pipe and the possible fluctuations in height
fluid statics (level).
Margin: Minimum 3 Ft: For most Hydrocarbons.
Minimum 5 Ft: For boiler water supply systems or when the fluid
work is very heavy (e.g. Empty Funds).
Norman Lieberman and Technical Superintendence - CIB.
Dufour John W. y Nelson William E. Centrifugal Pump SourceBook. McGraw-Hill, Inc. USA. 1993.

Rotating Equipment
Department of Plant Engineering 05/26/2019
 CALCULATION OF AVAILABLE NPSH OF PUMPED FLUID in Ft
When there is a reliable pressure indicator on the pump suction

NPSHd = PI - P ) x 2.31 / SG + [ 2.3E-06 x (BSPD)^2 / ( d^4 x SG) ]

11.7 = -9.00 -13.3 0.855 19000 10.0
Ft Psig Psig BSPD Pulg
The reading of the Pressure Indicator (PI) on the pump suction Speed Head
it is equivalent to the Net Fluid Head (H), to the Losses due to friction (Pf) and
to the pressure on the fluid (P).

Where:
NPSHd Available Positive Suction Net Head
PI Pressure Indicator
P Pressure on the fluid
2.31 Conversion Factor to Water Feet
SG Specific Gravity of the fluid at the Working Temperature.
2.3E-06 Conversion Factor of Dynamic Head (velocity) to Ft.
BSPD Flow managed by the pump in Standard Barrels Per Day.
d Internal diameter of the suction pipe in inches.

NOTE: There must be a Safety Margin between the available NPSH and the NPSH required by the pump, such that
allow its proper start (overcoming the acceleration load of the fluid), support the increase of
the losses due to friction caused by the deterioration of the pipe and the possible fluctuations in height
fluid statics (level).
Margin: Minimum 3 Ft: For most Hydrocarbons.
Minimum 5 Ft: For boiler water supply systems or when
the workflow is very heavy (e.g. Vacuum Funds).
Norman Lieberman and Technical Superintendency - CIB.
Dufour John W. y Nelson William E. Centrifugal Pump SourceBook. McGraw-Hill, Inc. USA. 1993.

Rotating Equipment
Departamento Ingeniería Plantas 05/26/2019
 CALCULATION OF AVAILABLE NPSH OF PUMPED FLUID in Ft
Suction from a Pressurized Container
0
NPSHd =( P + Pa - Pv ) * 2.31 / SG + (H - D - Pf )
12.7 It is considered that the fluid is in thermal equilibrium. 13.97 0 1.32 Calculation Bar
Ft Therefore, P+Pa is approximately equal to Pv. Ft Liq Ft Liq Ft Liq

Where:
NPSHd Available Positive Suction Head
P Pressure on the fluid (Psig)
Pa Atmospheric Pressure
Pv Vapor Pressure of the fluid Working Temperature (Psia)
2.31 Conversion Factor to Ft of Water
SG Specific Gravity of the fluid at the Working Temperature.
H Static fluid height in relation to the floor.
D Distance to the Centerline of the Suction Nozzle relative to the floor.
Pf Friction losses in the suction system.

NOTE: There must be a Safety Margin between the NPSH available and the required by the pump, such that
allow its proper start (overcoming the acceleration load of the fluid), support the increase of
the losses due to friction caused by the deterioration of the pipe and the possible fluctuations in height
fluid statics (level).
Margin: Minimum 3 Ft: For most Hydrocarbons.
Minimum 5 Ft: For boiler water supply systems or when the fluid
the work is very heavy (e.g. Empty Funds).
Norman Lieberman and Technical Superintendency - CIB.
Dufour John W. y Nelson William E. Centrifugal Pump SourceBook. McGraw-Hill, Inc. USA. 1993.

Rotary Equipment
Department of Plant Engineering 05/26/2019
 CALCULATION OF AVAILABLE NPSH OF PUMPED FLUID in Ft
Suction from a Drain
0
NPSHd =( P + Pa - Pv ) * 2.31 / SG + (-H - D - Pf )
3.5 = 14.5 1.5 0.846 -10 2 20 Calculation Bar
Ft Psig Psi Dog Ft Liq Ft Liq Ft Liq

Where:
NPSHd Available Positive Suction Head
P Pressure on the fluid
Pa Atmospheric Pressure
Pv Vapor Pressure of the liquid at the Working Temperature
2.31 Conversion Factor to Water Ft
SG Specific gravity of the fluid at the working temperature.
H Static fluid height referring to the floor. (-)
D Distance to the centerline of the suction nozzle in reference to the floor.
Pf Losses due to friction in the suction system.

NOTE: There must be a Safety Margin between the available NPSH and that required by the pump, such that
allow its proper start-up (overcoming the acceleration load of the fluid), support the increase of
the losses due to friction caused by the deterioration of the pipe and the possible fluctuations in height
fluid statics (level).
Margin: Minimum 5 Ft
Norman Lieberman and Technical Superintendency - CIB.
Dufour John W. y Nelson William E. Centrifugal Pump SourceBook. McGraw-Hill, Inc. USA. 1993.

Rotary Equipment
Plant Engineering Department 05/26/2019
 CALCULATION OF AVAILABLE NPSH OF PUMPED FLUID in Ft
Suction from a Container at Atmospheric Pressure
0
NPSHd =( P + Pa - Pv ) * 2.31 / SG + (H - D - Pf )
38.7 = 14.5 1.5 0.8 5.47 1.8 2.5Calculation Bar
Ft Psig Psi Dog Ft Liq Ft Liq Ft Liq

Where:
NPSHd Available Positive Suction Head
P Pressure on the fluid
Pa Atmospheric Pressure
Pv Vapor Pressure of the liquid at the Working Temperature
2.31 Conversion Factor to Ft of Water
SG Specific Gravity of the fluid at the Working Temperature.
H Altura estática de fluído referente al piso, medida desde el mínimo nivel en el recipiente
D Distance to the Center Line of the Suction Nozzle in relation to the floor.
Pf Losses due to friction in the suction system.

NOTE: There must be a Safety Margin between the available NPSH and that required by the pump, such that
allow its proper start (overcoming the fluid's acceleration load), support the increase of
the losses due to friction from the deterioration of the pipe and the possible fluctuations in height
fluid statics (level).
Margin: Minimum 3 Ft: For most Hydrocarbons.
Minimum 5 Ft: For boiler water supply systems or when the fluid
work is very heavy (e.g. Empty Funds).
Norman Lieberman and Technical Superintendency - CIB.
Dufour John W. y Nelson William E. Centrifugal Pump SourceBook. McGraw-Hill, Inc. USA. 1993.

Rotary Equipment
Plants Engineering Department 05/26/2019
 CALCULATION OF PRESSURE DROP IN PIPE
LIQUIDS -Pf
ACCESORIOSCANTIDAD
Nominal diameter (Inch): 4 90 ° Elbow (All types) 7
Schedule:10 45 ° elbow (All types) 0
Internal Diameter (Inch) 4.26 Angle 180° (All types) 0
Flujo (gpm): 90 Tee (Exit side) 0
Speed (Feet/Second): 2.02 Tee (Entrance side) 0
Gravedad Específica: 0.57 Tee (Straight through) 0
Viscosidad (cSt): 0.3 Gate valve 2
Viscosidad (Cp): 0.17 Globe Valve 0
Reynolds: 222248 Check Valve 0
Longitud Tubería (Pies): 80 Ball Valve 0
Rugosidad, Pulg: 0.00015 Angle Valve 0
Friction Factor Contingency 30% Diameter. Platinum Hole (Inch) 0.0
Expansion (beta) 0.00
major diameter (Inch) 0
smaller diameter (Inch) 0
Reduction (beta) 0.75
Loss Pres. Filter (Psig) 0.13 diam. mayor (Pulg) 4
PERDIDAS TOTALES DE PRESIÓN (Psi): 0.29 minor diameter (inches) 3
TOTAL LOSSES PRESSURE (Feet) - Pf: 1.16 TOTAL ACCESSORIES 10

Page 6 05/26/2019
 ECOPETROL
HYDRAULIC STUDY
UNIT: Ethylene II
PROJECT: head P-4129A
CLIENTE: Petrochemical Management

PIPE STATE: NEW (clean) OLD (dirty) VERY OLD (very dirty)
Safety Factor for Dirt: 0% 10% 20%
LINE SERVICE liquid ethylene liquid ethylene liquid ethylene
FROM: k-4102 k-4102 k-4102
FOR: cryogenic tank cryogenic tank cryogenic tank

UNIDADES BASE: lb/hr, DENS. lb/hr, DENS. lb/hr, DENS.

NOMINAL DIAMETER 4.000 4,000 4,000
CEDULA (Espesor) No : 10 10 10
FLOW RATE, BPDO 3085.7 3085.7 3085.7
FLOW RATE, gpm 90.0 90.0 90.0
RATA DE FLUJO, lb/h : 25684 25684 25684
DENSIDAD, lb/ft^3 35.56 35.56 35.56
SPECIFIC GRAVITY, SG 0.570 0.570 0.570
VISCOCIDAD, cP : 0.17 0.17 0.17

PIPE ROUGHNESS, e, ft. 0.00015 0.00015 0.00015

PIPE LENGTH, Ft 50 50 50
LOSSES DUE TO ACCESSORIES (%) 30% 30% 30%
LONGITUD EQUIVALENTE, ft 65 65 65
FILTER PRESSURE LOSS, psi 0.5 0.5 1.0
CONTINUOUS FRICTION FACTOR. 20.00% 20.00% 20.00%

RESULTS
1) SELECTED I.D. 4.26 4.26 4.26
2) SPEED, fps 2.03 2.03 2.03
3) REYNOLD NUMBER 226685 226685 226685
4) DARCY FRICTION FACTOR, f 0.02183 0.02183 0.02183
5) PRESSURE LOSSES psi/100 ft 0.097 0.097 0.097
6) LOST PRESSURE psi-Total 0.563 0.619 1.276
7) PRESSURE LOST ft-Total 2.28 2.51 5.17
8) FLOW REGIME Turbulent Turbulent Turbulent
9) FRICTIONFACTOR ERROR 1.55E-7 1.55E-7 1.55E-7

10) PROX SIZE SMALLER, in 3,000 3.000 3,000

11) PROX SMALLER SIZE I.D., in 3.26 3.26 3.26
12) VEL. SMALL SIZE, fps 3.47 3.47 3.47
13) SMALL SIZE psi/100 ft. 0.376 0.376 0.376
10) PROX SIZE LARGER 6.000 6,000 6,000
11) PROX LARGER SIZE I.D, i 6.357 6.357 6.357
12) VEL. LARGE SIZE, fps 0.91 0.91 0.91
13) LARGE SIZE. psi/100 ft. 0.013 0.013 0.013

05/26/2019