Mixed-Methods Research Instrument for School Heads’ Resilience
PART I — Quantitative Instrument (Descriptive–Correlational)
Instructions: Please rate each statement based on your experiences as a school head.
A. Proactive Self-Leadership
1. I set clear goals for myself when leading school operations.
2. I anticipate potential problems before they occur.
3. I take initiative to address issues without waiting for directives.
4. I regularly evaluate my leadership actions to improve future responses.
5. I create action plans when facing uncertain school situations.
B. Interpersonal Intelligence
1. I communicate effectively with teachers, parents, and stakeholders.
2. I resolve conflicts calmly and professionally.
3. I build rapport with staff during stressful situations.
4. I motivate others when the school faces challenges.
5. I collaborate with the community in decision-making.
C. Personal Health and Well-Being
1. I balance work responsibilities with personal rest.
2. I manage stress in healthy and productive ways.
3. My physical condition allows me to perform my role effectively.
4. I maintain emotional stability during crises.
5. I engage in habits that support my mental well-being.
D. Spiritual Resources
1. My faith or spirituality helps me cope with challenges.
2. I use spiritual practices for strength.
3. My values guide my decisions during difficult situations.
4. I find meaning and purpose even in challenges.
5. I feel spiritually supported when facing school problems.
E. Challenges Encountered
1. Insufficient school resources.
2. Heavy administrative workload.
3. Balancing instructional and administrative roles.
4. Teacher resistance to supervision.
5. Issues with parent or community engagement.
6. Limited ICT facilities.
7. Student behavior issues.
8. Shortage of instructional materials.
9. Political interference.
10. Stress due to simultaneous responsibilities.
PART II — Qualitative Instrument (Semi-Structured Interview Guide)
1. Describe the major challenges you face as a school head.
2. How do you cope with these challenges?
3. What experiences have shaped your resilience as a leader?
4. How do you make decisions during uncertainty?
5. What support systems help you remain resilient?
PART III — Validation Sheet
Rating Guide: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 4 = Strongly Agree
Item Number Clarity (1–4) Relevance (1–4) Comments
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
PART IV — Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability Plan
Cronbach’s Alpha will be computed for each subscale:
• Proactive Self-Leadership
• Interpersonal Intelligence
• Personal Health & Well-Being
• Spiritual Resources
• Challenges Encountered
Formula:
α = (k / (k - 1)) × (1 − Σσᵢ² / σₜ²)
PART V — Table of Specifications (TOS)
Construct Number of Items Percentage
Proactive Self-Leadership 5 16.7%
Interpersonal Intelligence 5 16.7%
Personal Health & Well- 5 16.7%
Being
Spiritual Resources 5 16.7%
Challenges Encountered 10 33.3%
REFERENCES
Connor & Davidson (2003). The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.
Houghton & Neck (2002). Revised Self-Leadership Questionnaire.
Smith et al. (2008). Brief Resilience Scale.
Ellison (1983). Spiritual Well-Being Scale.
Buhrmester et al. (1988). Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire.
Cahapay (2022). Leadership during COVID-19.
Pangandoyon et al. (2024). Resilient leadership.
Chen et al. (2025). Principal resilience.
Pollock et al. (2023). Work intensification and resilience.