2. Risk Assessment.
Risk assessment procedure consists of four steps.
1. Characterization of the hazardous chemicals
2. Chemical hazard assessment
3. Exposure assessment.
4. The exposure and hazard assessments are finally integrated to characterize
the risk.
The risk assessment procedure requires detailed information on environmental pathway,
the receptor populations and the properties of chemicals.
Evaluation of the environmental pathways involve analysis of all potential pathways
through which materials could escape from the site these includes soil, air, surface and
ground waters.
The receptor population is those that can be affected by the materials that move along
the environmental pathways. These are generally broader than the human population
that my reside nearby including domestic animals. The impacts on natural resources
such as surface water and ground water are also assessed.
The seriousness of waste depends on properties of chemical in waste and their
concentration. The potential of release of these chemicals and their short and long term
exposure to them should be evaluated.
Assess hazard
Identify types of toxicity
Determine dose response
Characterization of Thresholds characterise risk
chemicals
Identify chemical presents Combine exposure
Determine quantity, form & risk
location of chemicals Develop various
Select Iindicators for risk Risk measures
analysis. Assess exposure
Identify exposure pathway
Characterize population risk
Estimate release probability/ Quantity
Evaluate environmental fate transport
Model human intake/ adsorption