THERMODYNAMICS

TEACHERS: Course Year:

ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY JEFE DE TRABAJOS PRACTICOS: ING. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
of LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE quadrimester
VALVERDE AGUSTINA
Faculty of Engineering

SOLUTION EXERCISES PRACTICE NO. 4

PROBLEM NO. 1

A closed system undergoes a complete cycle of two processes. In the first, transfers are made.
60 kJ of thermal energy to the system, and it delivers a work of 80 kJ to the environment in the second.
process, the external environment delivers to the system a work of 45kJ.
It is requested to determine:
a) The heat exchange during the second process.
b) The work and the heat exchanged during the cycle.

Q= 60kJ

A B

W = 45 kJ
To determine points a) and b), the first principle for closed systems must be established.
find the variation of U, keep in mind that variation U12 = -variation U21, calculate the value of
Q21 and make the summation of heat and work.
 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Course Year:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORKS: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE quarter
VALVERDE AGUSTINA
Faculty of Engineering

SOLVED EXERCISES PRACTICE NO. 4

SOLUTION
Q= 60kJ

A B W=80 kJ

W= 45kJ

a)

b)

PROBLEM NO. 2

An air mass is heated from 57°C to 87°C in two different ways, namely:
At a constant pressure of 3 bar (absolute).
2) At a constant volume of 3m3.
3) Conclusions
Assuming it behaves like an ideal gas, determine which of the two processes requires
higher thermal energy per unit mass.
 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Course Year:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORKS: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE four-month period
VALVERDE AGUSTINA
School of Engineering

SOLVED EXERCISES PRACTICE N°4

Guide:
Here, they should also state the first principle for closed systems in both cases having
take into account two caveats:
a) What is per unit mass.
b) Part 1) should be done in two possible ways, one by setting up the equation.
original and the other 2) proposing the concept of Enthalpy (because it is at constant pressure) and
compare the results.
c) Develop the conclusions.
SOLUTION
1) 1.

How y

How

2.

2)

3)
Process at constant V and at constant P

a V cte
a P cte

When it is a V cte, the

When it is at P cte, the
 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Course Year:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORKS: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE quarter
AGUSTINA VALVERDE
Faculty of Engineering

SOLVED EXERCISES PRACTICE NO. 4

PROBLEM N° 3

If through the system limits contained in the cylinder-piston set, a is delivered a

electrical work (We) of 1000kJ and considering that the variation of Ec = variation of Ep = 0,
Determine:
Mass of air
2) Temperatura final (Tf)
Work due to volume variation.

P = constant = 10 bar

Welcome Vi=0.3m3
Ti= 27°C
Air

Guide:
In this case, when you establish the first principle, you will have 2 unknowns left, Pf and Vf.
they will have an equation with 2 inc., and to resolve the indeterminacy in this case, they must resort to
to a second equation which is the equation of state of ideal gases, then
clearing in one and replacing in the other is how they will come to solve it.

SOLUTION
1)

2)
 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Curso Año:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORK: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE quarter
VALVERDE AGUSTINA
Faculty of Engineering

SOLVED EXERCISES PRACTICE N°4

(1)

(2)

Replacement (2) in (1)

3)

PROBLEM NO. 4

A rigid and adiabatic container is connected through a valve to a cylinder set.

piston also adiabatic. Initially, the valve is closed and the cylinder is empty. The valve opens the
valve reaching the system a new state of equilibrium. It is requested.
a) Temperatura final
b) Useful or net work
 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Course Year:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORK: ING. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE trimester
VALVERDE AGUSTINA
School of Engineering

SOLVED EXERCISES PRACTICE N°4

P01 bar
PpC T0= 300K
Pp= 50 bar
Vc= 0,2m3

Guide:
In this case we must propose different hypotheses because we do not know either Vf, Tf, or Pf.
so:
1st hypothesis: the piston does not reach the top, therefore Vf is less than Vtotal(VR +VC) y Pf=
Pp
Then we state the 1st Principle and calculate Vf
In the case that the 1st hypothesis is fulfilled. Then we calculate Tf and useful work, otherwise
we propose:
2nd hypothesis: The piston reaches the stop so Vf = Vtotaly Pf is greater than Pp and then
we calculate Tf and Wneat

SOLUTION
a)

1st hypothesis: The embolus does not reach the limit, and Pf= Ppiston

(1)

(2)

Replacement (2) in (1)

 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Course Year:
ATTACHED: ENGINEER LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORKS: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
second
of LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE quarter
Valverde Agustina
Faculty of Engineering

SOLVED EXERCISES PRACTICE N°4

When Vf > the hypothesis is false, the piston reaches the top.

2nd hypothesis: The piston reaches the stop, therefore Vf = Vtotalif Pf is greater than Pp and then
we calculate Tf and Wneat

b)

PROBLEM N°5

After the valve is opened and for a new state of thermodynamic equilibrium, determine:
a) X (title of the steam in the final state)
b)Vfinal
 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Course Year:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORKS: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE quarter
VALVERDE AGUSTINA
Faculty of Engineering

SOLVED EXERCISES PRACTICE N°4

PA= 10bar PB5bar

A B

miA= 3kg x = 0.7

tiA= 300°C ViB= 0,9m3
Water vapor Water vapor

Guide:
In this case, we are going to work with H vapor.2Oh, therefore with the steam table.
To know Xf (final state of the steam), we must find some of its final parameters (h,u,v) and
to find VfI need to know the total mass, in A I have it and in B I need the specific viB, which
calculation with the table, as well as uiA and uiB (specific).
Then I state the 1st principle for Closed systems, except for the indeterminacy with the definition.
from H, we find hf, with hf and Pf uf Xf (if any) vf y Vf.

SOLUTION
a)
At steam table for 10 bar and 300°C:

In steam table for 5 bar:

 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Course Year:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORK: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE trimester
Valverde Agustina
Faculty of Engineering

SOLUTION EXERCISES PRACTICE N°4

For P cte

I am going to the steam table, and with hf and Pf. I look for UF, it is inside the bell, therefore there is
title x:

In another way:
 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Curso Año:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSIDAD HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORKS: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE quarter
AGUSTINA VALVERDE
Faculty of Engineering

SOLVED EXERCISES PRACTICE NO. 4

How :

I go to the steam table, and with hf and Pf I look for uf, it's inside the bell, therefore there is
titulo x:

b)

PROBLEM No. 6

Thermal energy is delivered to the steam contained in the cylinder-piston assembly until
temperature reaches 220°C. If we consider the variations of Ec and Ep to be negligible, determine:
a) Initial Temperature of the system
b) With volume variation
c) What the system receives
d) Graphical representation in P-V
 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Course Year:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORK: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL ASSISTANT: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE semester
AGUSTINA VALVERDE
Faculty of Engineering

SOLUTION EXERCISES PRACTICE N°4

P = constant = 8 bar

m = 30 kg
Xi= 0,5
H vapor2O

Q
Source
Guide:
In this case, since we have the pressure and the wet vapor data, we go to the table and find the
temperature.
Then to find the mechanical work we must first calculate the initial velocity with the given x and the final velocity with the data.
finals (both working with the table).
Then, to find Q, we apply the 1st Principle for closed systems and we will need to calculate
previously ui and uf each in their conditions.
Finally, for the graphical representation, we draw the bell in the P-V coordinate plane.
where we have the P, the two isotherms between which the transformation takes place and the two vi and vf
calculated, with which we can represent the surface equivalent to the work done.
SOLUTION:
1) In a table for 8 bar and wet steam:
Ti= 170,41°C
Uf=2665,03 Kj/Kg
Vf= 0,27402 m3

2)

3) Applying the 1st Principle:

 THERMODYNAMICS
TEACHERS: Course Year:
ATTACHED: ENG. LEANDRO CAMPOS 2020
UNIVERSITY HEAD OF PRACTICAL WORK: ENG. MARCELO ELOLA
NATIONAL HELPER: TASSILE LEONARDO
2nd.
from LOMAS DE ZAMORA ALCAZAR JACKELINE quarter
VALVERDE AGUSTINA
Facultad de Ingeniería

SOLVED EXERCISES PRACTICE N°4

Or, because p=cte

4)