Overview of Distributed Systems
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsOverview of Distributed Systems
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsDistributed systems
Aziz Bouchrit
Oussema Masmoudi
Eya Abbassi FIA2-02
Summary
1-Introduction to distributed systems
2- Definition
3- Advantages of distributed systems
4- Examples of distributed systems
5- Avantage / Inconvénient
6- Distributed system features
Introduction to distributed systems
Definition
A distributed system is a set of computers
independent, interconnected via a network, able to
collaborate on a task.
•Examples:
- physical network of machines
A software with multiple processes on the same
machine.
A distributed system can be characterized as a
set of several autonomous computers and having the
following characteristics:
No common physical clock
Improved reliability
Increase in performance/cost ratio
Access to geographically located data and resources
distant
Scalability
Interests of distributed systems
*Inherently distributed computationsuch as the transfer
money in the bank, or reaching an agreement between the
geographically distant parties,
*Resource sharingsuch as device sharing, and
data and so on.
Access the geographically remote data and [Link] as
the database of banks, etc.
Reliability: possibility of reproducing the resources
execution to improve reliability.
Examples of SDs
-Système de gestion de base de données
Automated teller machine network
Internet / World-Wide Web
Mobile and ubiquitous computing
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
DISTRIBUTOR MACHINE NETWORK
AUTOMATIC
WORLD-WIDE-WEB
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WEB SERVERS AND WEB BROWSERS
[Link]
[Link]
Web servers Browsers
[Link] Internet
[Link]
[Link]
File system of [Link]
Protocols
[Link]
[Link]
MOBILE and Ubiquitous Computing
Internet
Host intranet GSM/GPRS Home intranet
Wireless LAN
gateway
Mobile
Printer
Camera phone Host site
Laptop
SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS
DISTRIBUTED
Concurrence
No world clock
+Independent failures
More reliable
Fault tolerance
Evolving
ADVANTAGES OF THE DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM
Sharing information among distributed users
Resource sharing
Scalability and incremental growth
Shorter response time and higher output
Better flexibility to meet user needs
Best price/performance ratio
Scalability
Transparency
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DISADVANTAGES OF THE DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM
Challenges of developing distributed software
Network issue (saturation, delays)
Security issues (hacking)
Performance depends on connection
Opening
Distributed system feature
Distributed system = shattered
Knowledge of the elements forming the system: need
identification and localization
Management of the deployment and presence of essential elements
Remote communication is central
Techniques and communication protocols
Network constraints: reliability (data loss) and time of
propagation (dependent on the type of network and its load)
Naturally concurrent and parallel
Each element on each machine is autonomous
Need for synchronization, coordination between distant elements
and for access to resources (mutual exclusion ...)
Heterogeneity:
Used machines (power, hardware architecture...)
Operating systems running on these machines
Programming languages are software elements forming the
system