Hydrostatic Pressure Study Device
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ScribdTranslationsHydrostatic Pressure Study Device
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ScribdTranslationsDEVICE FOR STUDY
FROM HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
1. INTRODUCTION
The effect of hydrostatic pressure is of great importance in many
fields, notably in shipbuilding, during the construction of dikes,
dams, locks or also in sanitary engineering and in construction.
The hydrostatic pressure device allows for the experimental study of the subjects.
following:
• Pressure distribution in a liquid under the effect of gravity
• Lateral force of hydrostatic pressure
• Center of thrust of the lateral force
The hydrostatic pressure device allows the study of the relationship between height
d’eau et lapression latérale. Un récipient de mesure transparent avec une échelle
Graduated in mm allows an accurate reading of water levels and a graduated rule.
give the reading of the lever arm of the moment.
[Link] DE L’APPAREIL
.
3. THEORETICAL STUDY
3. 1 Theory of the center of pressure
The hydrostatic pressure of liquids is the 'pressure of gravity'.hydShe
increases with the depth due to the weight of the liquid. It is
expressed by:
Phyd= ghCg= h Cg (1)
density of water = Kg/m3
g - acceleration due to gravity (g=9.81 m/s²)
hCgDepth of the center of gravity from the free surface.
= g: specific weight (N/m)3)
3.2 Horizontal hydrostatic force exerted by a liquid on a surface
plane
The horizontal hydrostatic force Fpexerted by a liquid on a surface
plane A is equal to the product of the specific weight the liquid, by the depthCg
of the center of gravity of the surface:
F=
p
ghCg A= h Cg A (2)
FpPressure force (N)
A : Surface (m2)
3.3 The line of action of the pressing force:
The line of action of the pressure force passes through the center of pressure that one
can locate by applying the formula
I XCg
YCP= YCg+ 3
YCgA
YCPposition of the center of pressure (from the free surface) (m)
YCgposition of the center of gravity of surface A (from the free surface) (m)
ICgMoment of inertia of surface A with respect to the axis of the center of gravity (m)4)
The distances YCPand YCgare measured along the plane from an axis located at
the intersection of the plane and the surface of the liquid.
3. 4 Vertical hydrostatic force exerted by a liquid on a surface
plane
The vertical hydrostatic force exerted by a liquid on a flat surface
is equal to the weight of the volume of the liquid located above this surface. It
applies to the center of gravity of the volume.
FH= V= W
FHvertical hydrostatic force (N)
V: Volume of the liquid (m3)
Weight of the liquid volume (N)
4. OPERATION MODE OF THE DEVICE
The water reservoir of the device is designed as a segment of a ring
circular section constant. The hydrostatic force Fp as well as the weight W of
The water generates moments relative to the center of rotation O. These moments
will be balanced by the weight FGlocated at a distance l (lever arm of the weight
suspended) in relation to the center of rotation O.
The results can be verified with the balance of moments, as described in
following diagrams.
l ID FH
FG
a: Action of the horizontal force b: Action of the vertical force
FGSuspended weight
Lever arm of weight
ID Lever arm of hydrostatic force
5. CONDUCTING THE TESTS
5.1 Water tank calibration
• Set the water tank (1) to a
angle =0 with the notched bolt
(2) as illustrated.
• Place the knight (6), adjust the arm
of lever on the graduated scale (e.g.
l=150mm
• To weigh the device with a sliding weight
rotary (3): The stop bolt (4) must
for this purpose to be exactly at
middle of the hole
5.2 Measurement Taking
• Fill the tank until
the balance (stop bolt (4) at
middle of the hole
• Read the water level S and record it.
in the worksheet.
• increase the attached weights (7)
by steps of 0.5 - 1 N and repeat it
measure
Measured values:
s -water level read in mm
l - leverage arm of the weight in mm
FGweight of suspended weights in N
h–height of the active surface (submerged) in mm
angle of inclination of the tank
stwater level at the deepest point of the reservoir
shwater level of the upper edge of the active surface
lDdistance between the thrust center and the center of rotation
5.3 Determination of the pressure force and the center of pressure
1ercase: α = 0
a)S<100mm and h = S
ID hcg
o1
FG ycp ycg
h S
Fp h/2
y
h
YCg = h Cg=
2
b) S > 100mm, h < S (h = 100mm)
O
hcg
ID O1
ycp ycg
h S
h/2
FG Fp
h
YCg= S − , h= 100mm
2
2thcase: α = 30°
(S h− S t )
a) 100mm
cos
l
O
hcg
α
O1
YCg Sh
x
ID YCP
S
St
FG
FP
y
YCg=
(S h− St )
, h Cg= YCgcos
2cos
200− Sh
I D= + YCp Read the values of Stand Sh
cos
(S h − S t )
b) 100mm
cos
I hcg
α o
x
YCg Sh
YCP S
ID
St
FG FP
y
YCg=
(S h− St ) − h ID =
200− Sh
+ YCp
, h Cg= YCg cos ,
cos 2 cos
Read the values of St,and Sh
3emecase: α = 90°
Determination of the vertical force
The vertical force applies to the center of
gravity of volume
The volume: V= (S− St ) A act
The surface: A act= 100.75mm
2
100
I D= (200− ) = 150mm
2
Read the values of S and St
FH
6. WORK REQUEST
Form to submit
Name: Prénom : Group:
conditions h S I FG
S<100mm
Case
α = 0° S>100mm
conditions St Sh I FG
(S−h S t )
100mm
Case cos
α =30° (S h− S t )
100mm
cos
conditions h S I FG
Case
alpha = 90°
Results:
1) For each case, calculate the hydrostatic force and its center of pressure.
2) Check the balance of the moments and calculate the errors.
Cas α = 0°
hCg Aact Fp IXCg YCg Ycp ID
M(Fp)/o= M(FG)/o= Error (%):
M(Fp)/o= M(FG)/o= Error (%)
Cos α = 30°
hCg Aact Fp IXCg YCg Ycp ID
M(Fp)/o= M(FG)/o= Erreur (%):
M(Fp)/o= M(FG)/o= Erreur (%):
Cos α = 90°
Aact Fp ID
M(FH)/o= M(FG)/o= Erreur (%):
Conclusion :
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