Karina Moore – teenage high diver!

Several times a week, teenager Karina Moore trains at her local pool to jump from the high-diving board into the water –
in an attempt to become a national diving champion.
Karina first learned about diving during a family break in Spain, where the resort’s pool had a high-diving board. Young
people were diving off it, and it looked fun, but Karina didn’t join in, even though she was a strong swimmer. Then after
returning home, she discovered a long-distance runner she’d always admired had started diving for relaxation – so she
became more interested.
Karina joined a beginners’ diving class at her local pool. They had several sessions jumping onto soft materials before
trying the high board. ‘The water looked a long way down,’ says Karina, ‘but after our training, I felt I’d handle it –
without injuring myself? They’d warned me I’d land in the water fast – at around 60 kph – but I was prepared. I couldn’t
wait to get started – although the others weren’t so keen! Anyway, I wasn’t disappointed by the experience.’
In Karina’s area, there’s now lots of interest in high diving, but it’s sometimes difficult for swimmers to find suitable
practice facilities. Although the pools are deep enough, they’re in use so often by diving clubs that other people don’t get
opportunities to practise. Fortunately, though, Karina’s coach noticed her talent and helped her develop her techniques.
After also two years, she’s winning competitions in her area.
But what’s it like to concentrate so much on diving? ‘I train 20 hours a week’ says Karina, ‘and I won’t pretend it’s easy –
you have to enjoy it to spend so much time doing it! It’s not easy for my parents either, though – they drive me to training
sessions early in the morning, and that costs money. But they’re had financial help from sports organisations, luckily. And
my schoolwork and social life are good. I still meet my mates – and there’s always the phone! The only thing I hadn’t
realised was that the pool water would damage my hair – I used to love my long hair, but I’ve had to cut it short because it
looked awful! But I’ll definitely keep on diving!’
1 What made Karina keen to take up diving?
A She wanted to repeat her holiday experience.
B She found out her athletics hero had taken it up.
C She’d visited a pool where some teenagers were doing it.
D She wanted a new challenge after her success at swimming.
2 How did Karina feel the first time she used the high board?
A worried about how fat it was above the pool
B pleased to experience it with other beginners
C confident that she wouldn’t get hurt
D shocked to hit the water at such speed
3 What does the writer suggest about diving facilities in Karina’s area?
A They’re not used as much as they could be.
B There aren’t enough coaches teaching people to use them.
C There aren’t as many boards as there used to be.
D They’re not available to the public for long enough each day.
4 How does Karina feel about spending so much time diving?
A surprised by one effect it has had on her
B sorry she no longer sees her friends so much
 C anxious about the amount of money it costs
D grateful to be able to focus on something she loves
5 What would the writer say about Karina?
A She’s a young girl who’s achieved a lot by becoming a national diving champion – and all with very little support.
B She’s made enormous progress in a very short time – after only a couple of years, she’s already showing great
signs of success.
C She has a lot of natural talent, but she’s already thinking of having a break from the high board for a while.
D She’s sad that she’s given up almost everything for her sport – and her lifestyle really sounds quite hard.

Robert Taylor talks about his new art show

Like all children, I was always getting myself and the kitchen table in a mess when I first took an interest in painting.
Unlike many kids, who give up activities like art for other subjects when they go through school, I continued painting
throughout my childhood. Now, after years of enjoyment, I’ve finally taken the scary decision to show off some of my
favourite pieces of work by holding an exhibition at Glebe Street library. Inviting people to see my work is a new idea and
one which I’m looking forward to.
I’ve never had any formal art training. When I was trying to decide what I should study at university, art as a subject never
entered my head. I always thought my parents wanted me to follow a subject that would be useful when I was looking for
a job, so I ended up taking a business course. Looking back, my parents would probably have supported me whatever my
decision, but I decided to do what I thought was best for everyone.
And during my time at university, I rarely did much in the way of painting. It wouldn’t have been easy to paint anyway as
I lived in university accommodation and had very little space. I kept an interest in art though and visited local exhibitions
whenever I could, but that was about it. It was later in my thirties while I was working that I discovered my love of the
activity again. Since then I’ve made a point of spending at least one evening a week painting.
However, my works have only ever been seen by trusted friends and relatives. They’ve always given me plenty of support
and encouraged me to continue with my art. But I’ve always wondered what people who I didn’t know would think,
people who could give me an honest opinion of my ability. The library have been very helpful and offered me a room for
the show. They’ve asked me to supply questionnaires about the event and I’ve included a section for visitors· comments
about the works. I’m very much looking forward to reading these opinions.
1 What does Robert say about art?
A Children usually continue doing it at school.
B He had to give it up to do other subjects.
C The thought of showing off his work is a little frightening.
D He has often thought about letting people see his work.
2 When deciding what to study at university
A Robert didn’t consider doing art.
B his parents didn’t want him to study art.
C he thought he would need a job while he was studying.
D Robert understood correctly what his parents wanted him to do.
3 What happened while Robert was at university?
A He didn’t do any painting.
 B He discovered his love of painting again.
C He was still keen on art.
D He painted at least one evening a week.
4 Robert is holding the exhibition because
A his friends and relatives encouraged him to do this.
B the library asked him to.
C he is interested in getting opinions from friends and relatives.
D he wants to know what strangers think of his work.
5 What would be a good introduction to this article?
A Robert Taylor tells us how a love of art can lead to a change of career.
B If your child shows an interest in art, Robert Taylor will explain how to support this activity.
C After years in the shadows, Robert Taylor is about to face the public with his works.
D If you’re keen on developing your artistic skills, Robert Taylor explains how to get support from friends and
relatives.

Our school newspaper

by Michael Williams
Some years ago, our head teacher, Mrs Waters, decided to start a school newspaper, and get as many students as possible
to take on the job of producing it – and parents, too. She felt the newspaper would help them learn more about school life,
through articles on things like sports achievements and arts projects, which not all students know about if they’re not
taking part. Students took the whole thing very seriously – and we now have a prize-winning newspaper!
Some of my friends joined the newspaper team immediately and enjoyed it. I’d always loved creative writing and drawing
cartoons, which I thought would be perfect in the newspaper, so I signed up. My dad, who’s a journalist, was pleased – he
thought that even though I wasn’t keen on a job like his, the newspaper would be a great opportunity for me. And he was
right – I loved it! Dad often came along to give advice, which was popular with the students. It was difficult sometimes, if
he was busy, but he learned a lot about the school that way.
My first job was writing a report about a sports event – a writing style I’d never attempted before. But Dad reminded me it
was similar in some ways to writing a story – getting information in the right order. Once I’d understood that, there was
no stopping me – and after my first efforts, I developed quite a professional style, which was brilliant. Sometimes the
team couldn’t use what I’d written, or my cartoons, for whatever reason, but I didn’t mind. And sometimes it was hard to
finish stuff on time, but I usually got there.
I’m now one of the editors – we decide what goes into the newspaper, so our names no longer appear in print. And it’s
stressful sometimes as we don’t have much time, but we try to manage that properly. We also correct mistakes in people’s
articles, which we all had to get used to, but we were soon doing it without thinking – and in our own schoolwork, too. I
still put off calling people outside school for comments on stuff, but I guess it’s all good experience – at least, that’s what
Dad says!
1 Michael’s head teacher wanted to start a student newspaper to
A provide an activity for students not interested in sport or art.
B make students feel more confident about taking part in something.
C keep students better informed about what was happening at school.
 D give students the experience of being responsible for something.
2 Michael decided to join the newspaper because
A he had ideas about some work he could do for it.
B he was considering a career in journalism.
C his friends had encouraged him to do so.
D he liked the idea of being part of a team.
3 When Michael first started working on the newspaper, he was
A disappointed when his stories sometimes weren’t used.
B delighted at the way his writing skills improved.
C pleased to find he could make use of his art skills.
D worried he’d be late completing some of his writing.
4 What does Michael say about his role on the newspaper now?
A He feels uncomfortable about correcting other students’ work.
B He still needs to improve the way he manages his time.
C He’s happier to handle making telephone calls to others.
D He’s become better at making articles more accurate.
5 What would Michael’s dad say about the newspaper?
A I was surprised at how keen Michael was to get involved – he’s never shown that much interest in writing before.
B I occasionally had problems finding the time to help out at Michael’s school, but the students really seemed to like
my suggestions.
C Michael would never admit it, but I know he’s proud to see his name in the newspaper these days – and I am, too!
D It’s been great to finally find out about life at the school through reading the newspaper. I didn’t really know much
about it before.

Computer game exhibition

Have you ever tried playing the kind of video games that your parents played? The Museum of Science in Manchester, in
the UK, has held an exhibition for the last few years, which invites visitors to do exactly that. It offers them the chance to
play games from the last 40 years, in various sessions throughout the day.
These video games sessions have now become one of the main attractions of the museum. They are full of people every
day, playing a wide range of games.
(1)…….. For parents, for example, these are usually the games they used to play in their childhood.
There’s also an educational purpose to the games. For instance, some old types of computer, dating back 40 years, are also
available in the sessions. They were originally used in classrooms to teach pupils to write their own computer programs.
(2)…….. Now, the museum is holding workshops that encourage children to learn similar skills – and they’re still very
popular.
The sessions are also seen as social events, as people discover how much fun it is to play video games with other family
members. And there’s also an area at Power Up! where a number of visitors can sit down together. (3)…….. And
nowadays, this is often how fans of video games are more likely to experience playing.
The exhibition also shows how much progress technology has made over the last 40 years. Parents can often remember
playing very simple games. But the games that are played today are more complex. (4)…….. And the players also have to
use much more complicated techniques.
However, one serious side of the exhibition is that organisers also want to show that video gaming is an important
industry, employing many skilled people.
(5)…….. That way, people who enjoy gaming will also understand all the hard work, talent and imagination that goes into
creating these amazing games.
A Visitors each pay for 90-minute sessions.
B And at the time, it helped lots of young people to do that.
C So they hope the exhibition will share this message.
D But not everyone thinks it’s a lot of fun.
E However, visitors often choose the ones they’re similar with.
F They have better storylines and animation, too.
G They also create the music to go with the game.
H Then they can all enjoy playing the same game.

Digging into the past

Last year, Kate Marshall was given a very exciting opportunity – to help her father, who’s a history lecturer, at a historical
site! He was leading a team to dig up and explore the area.
When they arrived, though, the site wasn’t quite what Kate had expected.
(1)………. So the first job was to remove it all and prepare the land for digging. Says Kate, ‘Dad hadn’t warned me I’d
have to work so hard as soon as we got there!’
But when the site was completely cleared, the team found pieces of ancient pots on the ground. However, those weren’t as
exciting as everyone had thought. Kate’s dad told them that the important pots were still under the ground. And because
no-one had touched them for centuries, the team would learn far more about their history – but first they would have to
dig deeper. Says Kate, (2)………. But we all knew Dad was right!’
The site was divided into small squares, with a leader for each square, who told everyone how to dig. ‘That wasn’t as easy
as it sounded, either,’ Kate reports. ‘Instead of just digging great big holes, we all had to dig really carefully, and remove
small amounts of soil each time. (3)………. So it made sense.’
‘My friends at home were really interested in what I was doing,’ Kate explains. ‘They kept texting me to ask what I’d
found. (4)………. But actually, we were looking for ordinary, everyday objects that could tell us about the people who’d
lived in the area centuries ago.’
In the end, though, Kate wasn’t disappointed by what she found. ‘One day, when I was digging away, I found a stone with
a strange shape. (5)………. Someone had obviously made it hundreds of years ago, which meant it was really important.
So Dad cleaned it up, and said it would go to the nearby museum. So I was pleased that at last, I’d found something
interesting!
A It turned out to be a small figure of a horse.
B No-one made that mistake, luckily.
C That way, everyone made sure they didn’t miss anything.
D In fact, the whole area was actually still covered in grass.
E It was a bit sad to see it disappear.
F Some people were a bit disappointed by that news.
G They probably imagined it was things like gold jewellery.
H It was a new experience for me, too.

Lost in the mountains

When you’re a mountain rescue volunteer, you never know when you’re going to be called to work. We go out in all
weather, and at any time of the day or night. If someone is in danger, there’s no time to lose. On New Year’s Day last
year, I was sitting down to breakfast with my family. (1)……….. Two hikers had decided to celebrate the new year by
walking along a mountain ridge in Country Kerry, Ireland, just a few miles from my home. They were staying in a small
guest house, and had set off early on New Year’s Eve. When they didn’t return by the following morning, their host
because worried and called the police. (2)………..
I was just one of 12 volunteers who left our breakfast tables and set out to look for the missing hikers. We pushed through
strong winds and thick cloud, calling and listening over and over again. (3)……….. It was too cold to survive for long out
on the mountains, and the hikers had been missing for a whole day and night. (4)……….. I shouted out, and was relieved
to hear a voice about back. (5)……….. They were so happy to see us. They explained that they’d got lost, and the winds
had been too strong for them to keep walking. Luckily, they had warm clothes, food and the tent.
We led them back down the mountain and returned them to their guest house, where a delicious hot meal was waiting for
them and for the rescue volunteer team. They said that they’ll never forget that New Year’s Day when they were rescued
by local people who became heroes.
A The police called Kerry Mountain Rescue Team.
B The hikers were huddled together in a small tent between two large rocks.
C They said it’s extremely dangerous to go hiking in bad weather.
D Nobody answered back so we began to lose hope.
E We didn’t know they had already found their way home.
F Suddenly, I heard the sound of a whistle.
G We were just about to start eating when my phone rang.
H After searching all night, we gave up and went back home.

Complete the rules with the verbs in the box.

don’t have to have to must

mustn’t should shouldn’t

A It’s a good idea to do this. ……should……

B It isn’t necessary to do this. ………………..
C It isn’t a good idea to do this. ………………..
D You aren’t allowed to do this. ………………..
E It‘s necessary to do this. ………………..
3 Write the correct words in each sentence.
1 Josie couldn’t come out because she had to ……look after…… the dogs until mum got back.
A looked after B look after C looking after
2 I’d prefer to go on holiday with friends not my parents, so that I ………………. visit boring museums!
A can’t B must C don’t have to
3 In our art class, we ………………. a sketch of a bowl of fruit.
A had to draw B must did C should drew
4 You ………………. get angry so easily!
A mustn’t B musn’t C mustnt
5 It’s good to hang out with friends in the park, getting together ………………. have to cost much.
A don’t B doesn’t C isn’t
6 The oral exam was fine. First I ………………. introduce myself, and then I talked for 15 minutes.
A has to B must C had to
4 Rewrite the sentences with the correct form of must, have to or should.
1 You aren’t allowed to leave school at lunchtime
……You mustn’t leave school at lunchtime. ……
2 It isn’t a good idea to go to bed late.
…………………………………………..
3 We must prepare for the history project.
…………………………………………..
4 It’s a good idea to follow your teacher’s advice.
…………………………………………..
5 It’s really important that Sandy is on time.
…………………………………………..
6 It isn’t necessary to get on with everyone.
…………………………………………..
5 Write negative sentences using the correct form of must, have to or should.
1 We / have to / look after / cousins / last night
……We didn’t have to look after our cousins last night. ……
2 You / must / cheat / exams
……………………………………….
3 You / should / be / annoyed / your brother
 ……………………………………….
4 Lena / have to / make up / Mary. It was Mary’s fault!
……………………………………….
5 Connect the sentences with a suitable relative pronoun.
1 Martin Scorsese is a famous American director. He’s made more than 24 films.
……………………………………………………..
2 A soundtrack is music. It features in a film.
……………………………………………………..
3 Dubrovnik is a city in Croatia. They filmed a lot of Games of Thrones episodes there.
……………………………………………………..
4 I’m not really into period dramas. They are about life a long time ago.
……………………………………………………..
5 He’s the actor from that new action thriller. He’s going to be on the chat show this evening.
……………………………………………………..
6 Did you hear about the cave rescue? It was on the news last night.
……………………………………………………..
4 Complete the sentences with the correct relative pronouns. Tick (✓) those which can also use that.
1 Shakespeare was a famous playwright ……who…… wrote Romeo and Juliet. …✓…
2 Our local beach is ……………… they filmed part of the new Robin Hood TV series. ……..
3 Sally Murphy is the girl in our school ……………… got hired as a volunteer on a film set. ……..
4 A comedy is a film or TV show ……………… makes people laugh. ……..
5 A producer is the person ……………… is in charge of the team that makes a film. ……..
6 The reality show about a life in a shopping centre is set ……………… my mum works. ……..
7 The documentary ……………… won an award for best wildlife series is on TV later. ……..
8 Is Stoneham the castle ……………… they shot scenes for the new crime drama? ……..
6 Rewrite the sentences with not as … as so that they have the same meaning.
1 Switzerland is safer than Mexico.
……Mexico isn’t as safe as Switzerland. ……
2 University is harder than school.
………………………………………….
3 Emily is more fashionable than Lucy.
………………………………………….
4 A watermelon is heavier than an apple.
2 Write the correct form of the verbs to complete the sentences.
1 Justin Bieber’s song Love Yourself ……was written…… by Ed Sheeran.
A was written B was wrote
2 Modern-day graffiti ……………. first ……………. in Philadelphia in the 1960s.
A was, using B was, used
3 Apps ……………. until about a decade ago.
A wasn’t introduced B weren’t introduced
4 The horror film we watched ……………. Howler.
A was called B was call
5 Avicii, the Swedish musician and DJ, ……………. in 1989 and died in 2018.
A was born B were born
6 Guernica ……………. by Dali, but by Picasso.
A was painted B wasn’t painted
3 Underline and correct the mistake in each sentence.
1 After my grandma was checked from the doctor, she was released from hospital. …by…
2 The Lord of the Rings is a film about a ring which found in a river and used to control the world. ………………….
3 Carlos first got interested in football when he took to see Real Madrid play. ………………….
4 I bought a shirt that was made by linen, because it’s nice and cool in summer. ………………….
5 When were optical illusions first discover? ………………….
6 My grandfather is posted to Egypt during the war. ………………….
4 Complete the statements (1–8) with the past simple passive form of the verbs in the box. Then match to the
correct answers (A–H).

build catch invent (x2)

make paint sing write

Quiz Time!
1 It ……was invented…… by Thomas Edison. …C…
2 It ……………………… by Shakespeare. ……
3 They ……………………… by Charles Babbage. ……
4 It ……………………… by Leonardo da Vinci. ……
5 It ……………………… by Rihanna. ……
6 They ……………………… in 1934. ……
7 It ……………………… in Belfast between 1909 and 1911. ……
8 It ……………………… of wood. ……
A computers
B Titanic
C light bulb
D first saxophone
E Macbeth
F Diamonds
G Bonnie and Clyde
H Mona Lisa
5 Rewrite the active sentences in the passive form.
1 An Armenian probably made the first leather shoe.
……The first leather shoe was probably made by an Armenian. ……
2 Gustave Eiffel built the famous tower in Paris.
………………………………………………….
3 People downloaded the song Shape of You by Ed Sheeran the most in 2017.
………………………………………………….
4 Almost 115 million people watched the American Super Bowl last year.
………………………………………………….
5 France gave the Statue of Liberty to the USA as a present in 1886.
………………………………………………….
1 Complete the sentences using which, where, who or whose.
1 Is this the place ……which…… serves that great ice-cream?
2 Freida, ………………… I met last week, is having a barbecue on Friday.
3 This recipe, ………………… anybody can try at home, is a classic.
4 The supermarket ………………… we usually go shopping is closed at the moment.
5 I like toasters ………………… have space for four pieces of toast.
6 Is he the boy ………………… mum goes to my swimming class?
When can you use that instead? ……………………………………
2 Put a relative pronoun (if necessary) and match the sentence halves. There is one extra.
1 The cakes ……– / that / which…… I bought were horrible, but … …D…
2 The tables ………………… are by the window …
3 That’s Harry, the boy ………………… dad …
4 Only use the eggs ………………… are on the top shelf.
5 I used the money ………………… you gave me …
6 The bakery ………………… we usually get our bread is closed, so …
A owns the Italian restaurant.
B I got some from the supermarket.
C to treat my friends to a nice meal.
D these ones are delicious.
E The other ones need to go in the bin.
F the rest of you, stay here.
G have the best views.
When is it possible to use that? ……………………….
Which sentences don’t need a pronoun? …………………………
3 Cross out one word and change another word.
1 I have a friend whose his name are Pietro. ……are – is……
2 This is an oven that it can cooking anything. ……………………
3 The burger where I ate yesterday is yummy. ……………………
4 The boys who we live next door had a barbecue in Sunday. ……………………
5 The recipe, that which come from Turkey, is world famous. ……………………
6 I have a classmate that she cook really well. ……………………
4 Match the information.
1 Luis Prieto opened his first restaurant when he was 19. …D…
2 Cadbury’s generates more than $3 billion a year. ……
3 Borough Market is located in central London. ……
4 Cinnamon rolls are a Scandinavian classic. ……
5 The Melrose Sushi Cantina closed down last week. ……
6 The world’s largest ever pizza measured 1,261.65 square metres. v
A Its customers included Hollywood stars.
B You can buy many types of food there.
C It was made in Rome.
D He was born in Salamanca.
E They were first baked in the 1920s.
F They sold their first chocolate bar in 1847.
5 Rewrite the information from Exercise 4 in a single sentence. Use non-defining relative clauses.
1 ……Luis Prieto, who was born in Salamanca, opened his first restaurant when he was 19. ……
2 ……………………………………………………
3 ……………………………………………………
4 ……………………………………………………
5 ……………………………………………………
6 ……………………………………………………
6 Complete the relative clauses in the text using the correct form of the verbs below (including the passive).

contain desire found have name

replace start

Wendy’s, 1……which was founded…… in 1969, is the world’s third-biggest burger chain. The man 2…………………
the business was Dave Thomas, 3………………… the restaurant after his fourth child, Melinda Lou ‘Wendy’ Thomas.
Wendy’s are famous for selling burgers 4………………… square corners. Why the square corners? So that customers can
see meat, apparently. Wendy’s sells many types of burger, e.g. the Big Bacon Classic, 5………………… with the Bacon
Deluxe in 2009. Some Wendy’s restaurants offer a fried-fish sandwich for customers 6………………… fish instead of
beef or chicken. Vegetarians can order the Black Bean Burger, 7………………… black beans (of course!), wild rice,
carrots and quinoa.
2 Complete the sentences using the correct form of have (positive or negative).
1 ……Have…… you ever been to an outdoor gig?
2 I can’t believe it. I ……………… just lost the tickets!
3 ……………… she finished writing the lyrics?
4 He ……………… made any new music videos since last year.
5 Where ……………… they been all afternoon?
6 Oh no, they ……………… taken the last biscuit!
7 I have been to Malta, but I ……………… been to Greece.
3 Make questions in the past simple or present perfect.

go like open practise see use to

1 ……Did…… you ……go…… to that gig last week?

2 ……………. you ……………. the end of the movie? I hated it.
3 ……………. they ……………. the new concert hall yet?
4 ……………. you ……………. watch that music channel?
5 ……………. you ……………. singing the song last night?
6 ……………. Claire already ……………. this episode?
4 Write a suitable word to complete the sentences.
1 Have you ……taken…… my headphones? I can’t find them.
2 Did you ……………… that clip I sent you earlier?
3 Have they ever ……………… to a festival abroad?
4 Which instrument did she ……………… when she was younger?
5 You remember that competition? Well, I think I’ve just ……………… two tickets!
6 He used to ……………… in a jazz band as a child.
5 Make the sentences true for you.
1 I ……have performed…… on a stage. (perform)
2 I ……………………… a song. (record)
3 I ……………………… to music yesterday. (listen)
4 I ……………………… sport at the weekend. (play)
5 I ……………………… a concert on TV. (watch)
6 I ……………………… to bed late on Saturday. (go)
7 I ……………………… a lot of homework this week. (have)
7 Complete the text using the past simple or present perfect of the verbs below.

be (x2) dance give impress just/make

not believe see sing

All the contestants this year on The Next Big Talent 1……have been…… fantastic. Since the start of the series,
you 2……………… and you 3……………… and you 4……………… everything you’ve got. Sam, your performance
last week 5……………… spectacular. Etisha, when I first 6……………… you last October, I 7……………… that you
could sing like you did just now. Marko, today you 8……………… all the judges. Wow. Sadly there can only be one
winner and we 9……………… our decision. This year’s winner is: Etisha.
1 Choose let or make. Put the verb in the correct form.
1 My parents won’t ……let…… me travel abroad alone until I’m 18.
2 On the plane yesterday, they ………………. us check in our small suitcases, although we didn’t want to.
3 They always ………………. passengers wear their seatbelts until the plane reaches the terminal for safety reasons.
4 Thank you for ………………. me sit next to my friend.
5 They won’t ………………. you take your skateboard on the plane. It’s too big.
6 My dad ………………. me unpack the moment we got to the hotel – I just wanted to get to the beach!
2 Underline the correct modal.
1 You have to / shouldn’t have a letter from your parents saying they allow you to travel.
2 You have to / should take a small bag for things like a book and a phone charger.
3 You needn’t / need to pay attention to the screens at the airport so you know which gate to go to.
4 You needn’t / have to check in online – you can go to the desk at the terminal.
5 You should / shouldn’t stay up late the night before you travel.
6 You have to / don’t have to worry, as the cabin crew will look after you.
3 Complete the second sentence using the words below so that it means the same.
 don’t have to have to needn’t need to
should shouldn’t

1 It’s not necessary for you to print your ticket.

You ……needn’t print…… your ticket.
2 Bringing your raincoat is a good idea.
You …………………. your raincoat.
3 It’s obligatory for all passengers to show their passport at the gate.
All passengers …………………. their passport at the gate.
4 Is it necessary for us to check out at 12?
……………… we ……………… check out at 12?
5 The hostel has free Wi-Fi for guests.
Guests …………………. pay for Wi-Fi.
6 That hotel will be too noisy for you.
You …………………. at that hotel.
4 Correct the mistakes in the sentences.
1 My brother never let me to borrow his games console.
……lets me borrow……
2 Should I to come back later?
…………………………………….
3 You needn’t to bring a coat. It’s hot today.
…………………………………….
4 You no should speak to your mother like that.
…………………………………….
5 When we landed they make us to take a bus to the terminal.
…………………………………….
6 We no have to get to the airport early tomorrow.
…………………………………….
5 Complete the sentences so they are true for you.
1 My school doesn’t let me ………………………………… .
2 Yesterday I didn’t have to ………………………………… .
3 I needn’t worry about …………………………………today.
4 My teachers sometimes make me ………………………………… .
5 I should eat less ………………………………… .
6 Before I go to bed, I have to ………………………………… .
1 Choose the correct modal and complete the sentences with the endings below.
1 In our school, we shouldn’t / don’t have to wear a uniform – … …B…
2 You should / mustn’t cover your mouth when you cough …
3 You ought to / mustn’t pay attention when people are speaking – …
4 In some countries you should / have to pay for an X-ray, …
5 You don’t have to / mustn’t put water on a fat fire – …
6 You should / shouldn’t play sport if you’re injured – …
7 You mustn’t / have to put all electronic devices through the scanner at the airport …
A … it’s extremely dangerous. You’ll get burned.
B … we can wear what we like.
C … you’ll take longer to recover.
D … as part of the security check.
E … or you’ll spread germs.
F … it’s polite to listen.
G … but here it’s free.
2 Make the sentences true for you. Can you explain why?
1 In my school, we ……have to…… wear a uniform.
………It’s a school rule. ………
2 You ………………. take a tablet if you have a headache.
…………………………………………
3 People ………………. answer the phone while driving.
…………………………………………
4 Children ………………. see the dentist every year.
…………………………………………
5 Teenagers ………………. drink energy drinks when they’re tired.
…………………………………………
6 In my country, we ………………. pay for health care.
…………………………………………

1 At first you have to … the application form. 2 Hey! The floor is wet! Look …!
a) fill in a) in
b) try on b) out
c) come on c) after
3 Our plane will … in 23 minutes. 11 Learning languages is very difficult but I need to …
doing it.
a) take up
a) keep on
b) turn up
b) hold on
c) take off
c) come on
4 Charles, could you … for a minute? I need to talk to
you. 12 Carl is ill, he … today.
a) hold on a) is out
b) hold up b) is after
c) hold in c) is away
5 Excuse me, I cannot hear you. Could you … please? 13 Let’s go home. The concert … .
a) speak above a) is off
b) speak b) is over
c) speak up c) is out
6 I don’t like this old desk. I’m going to … . 14 It’s so nice to see that he … her.
a) let it out a) fell out
b) take it off b) fell for
c) throw it away c) fell in
7 If you aren’t watching TV, … . 15 Oh, Steve, nice to meet you! You should … to my
place some day.
a) switch it off
a) come away
b) switch it on
b) come round
c) switch it away
c) come in
8 Sandra, look, what a nice skirt! You should … .
16 She has just … that he lied to her.
a) hold it on
a) found out
b) try it on
b) found in
c) carry it on
c) found on
9 Mike, …! It’s almost 11 o’clock!
17 I don’t want to … (to disappoint you).
a) grow up
a) let you up
b) turn up
b) let you in
c) hurry up
c) let you down
10 I sometimes … early in the morning.
18 I hate this town. I will never … here again.
a) wake up
a) go on
b) give up
b) go back
c) grow up
c) go behind
19 I think it’s important … with your colleagues. a) woke up
a) to keep in b) broke up
b) to hold on c) gave in
c) to fill in 26 You play chess well. I think you should … the
school competition.
20 I need … this task until the end of this week.
a) go in for
a) to keep on
b) go back
b) to hold on
c) go on
c) to carry out
27 I don’t want … with you but you are so wrong.
21 Jenny, could you … my cat for a couple of days?
a) to fall in
a) look out
b) to fall for
b) look after
c) to fall out
c) look into
28 I … with my younger sister very well. We are like
22 She is … summer holiday.
close friends.
a) looking after
a) get in
b) looking for
b) get along
c) looking forward to
c) get up
23 Melanie has to … because she is the leader in her
29 We are planning to … at 9 o’clock tomorrow.
squad.
a) set off
a) go ahead
b) set on
b) go on
c) set up
c) go into
30 He doesn’t know what to do in this situation. I think
24 They … two children.
he’ll … some day.
a) bring up
a) get off
b) bring after
b) fall for
c) bring at
c) give in
25 It’s a great pity that they … (to separate).

1 Steve is a person … always does his best. b) which

a) whose c) whose
b) which 3 BMW is a car … I like.
c) who a) that
2 Rennes is a city, … is situated in France. b) who
a) who c) whose
4 He is a person … can speak four languages. 12 The person … I gave my keys is my aunt.
a) who a) which
b) which b) what
c) whom c) whom
5 This is a city … was founded in 1791. 13 The woman, … car it is, should pay a parking fine.
a) which a) that
b) who b) whose
c) whose c) which
6 She took a puppy … she had seen three days before 14 I saw Jack, … is a medical doctor in our hospital.
in the street.
a) who
a) who
b) whom
b) whom
c) which
c) which
15 She likes snakes, … many people hate.
7 She has an aunt … is a teacher at school.
a) whom
a) which
b) who
b) who
c) which
c) whose
16 She doesn’t like the flower … stands in the living
8 I met Olivia, … asked me to tell you about the room.
accident.
a) who
a) which
b) that
b) who
c) whose
c) whom
17 I visited a cousin … is a dentist.
9 We visited a city, … I have never been to.
a) that
a) which
b) which
b) whom
c) whom
c) whose
18 The person … I phoned four days ago is my
10 I like the sofa … we saw in the mall yesterday. grandfather.
a) who a) whom
b) that b) which
c) whom c) whose
11 He has a friend … is a student. 19 Steve asked me about Joanna, … travelled with us
last summer.
a) whose
a) whom
b) that
b) which
c) which
c) who b) whose
20 He took the pen, … was red. c) which
a) whom 26 The actor, … David likes, is Brad Pitt.
b) which a) whom
c) who b) who
21 Michael has bought a suit … is black. c) which
a) who 27 The car … belongs to Steve is black.
b) that a) whom
c) whom b) that
22 He shook hands with a man … is a mayor. c) whose
a) that 28 Peter played with a boy … studied with him.
b) whose a) which
c) which b) whom
23 The singer, … she likes a lot, is Bob Marley. c) that
a) which 29 He gave me the present, … was wrapped
beautifully.
b) whom
a) whose
c) what
b) which
24 She is playing with the boy, … gave him a balloon
two days ago. c) who
a) which 30 He met a lady, … helped him find the way to the
cinema.
b) who
a) who
c) whom
b) whom
25 She told us the news, … we had already heard.
c) which
a) who

1 I will wait for you … the car. It’s raining heavily. 3 I’ve known her … five years.
a) onto a) for
b) in b) from
c) at c) since
2 I will pay … cash. 4 I go to work … car every morning.
a) with a) on
b) on b) at
c) in c) by
5 John gets up … 9 o’clock every day. a) under
a) in b) below
b) at c) beneath
c) on 14 I should visit him … hospital.
6 Oh, don’t eat so many pancakes! You are … a diet! a) for
a) in b) at
b) on c) in
c) at 15 We would like to pay … credit card, please.
7 I would like to pay … advance if you don’t mind. a) by
a) in b) in
b) at c) for
c) for 16 I feel sick so it’s better for me to stay … home.
8 Many animals are … danger. a) into
a) by b) at
b) in c) inside
c) for 17 I like travelling … sea.
9 I don’t like most of popular shows … TV. a) in
a) for b) by
b) in c) at
c) on 18 We have no information about where he is but …
least we know where he planned to go.
10 We are … a hurry, so we shouldn’t stay here for a
long time. a) in
a) in b) for
b) on c) at
c) on 19 She is always … the phone talking about everything
in the world.
11 Jack is so unlucky. He fell ill … holiday.
a) at
a) in
b) on
b) for
c) up
c) on
20 They invited us … dinner.
12 … last, we found the street.
a) in
a) At
b) for
b) In
c) at
c) On
21 They walked in silence … a while.
13 The temperature fell to 5 degrees Celsius … zero.
a) for a) on
b) at b) by
c) in c) of
22 He is ill. He must stay … bed. 27 You should go about 300 meters … the mall and
turn to the left.
a) on
a) on
b) at
b) for
c) in
c) towards
23 She was … the bus when I texted her.
28 I’m stuck in a traffic jam. I need to get … the bus or
a) in
otherwise I’ll be late.
b) on
a) off
c) at
b) of
24 I usually go to the gym … Thursdays and Fridays.
c) out
a) at
29 His birthday is … June.
b) in
a) on
c) on
b) in
25 I don’t like to get up early … the morning.
c) at
a) in
30 I like to travel … summer.
b) for
a) on
c) at
b) at
26 That book was written … Mark Twain.
c) in

=======================================================================================
1 We’ll leave … Vienna tomorrow. c) to
a) on 4 Alice is very poor … Mathematics.
b) for a) with
c) out b) at
2 Many people eat … fork and spoon. c) in
a) off 5 She goes … church every Sunday.
b) by a) on
c) with b) to
3 The music is pleasing … my ears. c) at
a) for 6 I had a party … my birthday.
b) in a) on
b) to c) above
c) by 15 My brother is good … languages.
7 He is very careful … what he eats. a) of
a) of b) at
b) by c) on
c) about 16 The cat runs … the house.
8 We went to the seaside … the weekend. a) around
a) by b) about
b) in c) by
c) over 17 Wine is made … grapes.
9 This present is … my grandmother. a) from
a) by b) by
b) from c) at
c) on 18 The flat I live … is on the 4th floor.
10 John is sitting … Mary and Gregg at the theater. a) outside
a) between b) out
b) at c) in
c) out 19 They walked up and … the street.
11 She must be … school. a) down
a) about b) in
b) to c) at
c) at 20 Some parts of Holland are … sea level.
12 I’ve been living in Sidney … twelve years. a) inside
a) from b) below
b) for c) out
c) to 21 Sharon came … dinner.
13 The bank is … the city hall. a) before
a) of b) since
b) up c) about
c) next to 22 I am good … remembering people’s names.
14 Their flat is … ours. a) to
a) up b) at
b) down c) about
23 George is … the classroom. a) on
a) at b) in
b) onto c) at
c) in 32 Sarah isn’t available … the moment.
24 She will come … you. a) in
a) onto b) at
b) with c) on
c) by 33 The conference is … 28 February.
25 He laughed … me. a) at
a) by b) in
b) for c) on
c) at 34 Did you go out … Saturday night?
26 Are you ready … dinner? a) on
a) on b) at
b) at c) in
c) for 35 I’m moving to a new flat … 10 October.
27 What photo are they looking …? a) at
a) out b) in
b) beside c) on
c) at 36 Kate and Harry bought their house … 2010
28 She listens … opera on the bus. a) in
a) to b) on
b) on c) at
c) for 37 James hoes to his fitness class … Saturday.
29 I phoned all my friends … New Year’s Eve. a) at
a) at b) in
b) on c) on
c) in 38 The banks close … 5pm.
30 I prefer rice … bread. a) at
a) by b) on
b) on c) in
c) to 39 Lindsay’s birthday is … July.
31 I visited the museum … Saturday. a) on
b) at a) on
c) in b) at
40 James bought his car … 2005 c) in
a) at 46 His office is … the third floor.
b) on a) at
c) in b) on
41 I live … London. c) in
a) at 47 Mark’s office is … the second floor.
b) on a) on
c) in b) at
42 Her office is … the end of the corridor. c) in
a) on 48 Don’t walk … the grass.
b) at a) in
c) in b) at
43 The picture is … the wall. c) on
a) on 49 Look! There’s a cat … the roof.
b) at a) in
c) in b) on
44 I met Julia … university. c) at
a) in 50 I had a meal … the train.
b) at a) on
c) on b) in
45 We’re opening a new factory … Spain. c) at

1 He was the … thief of all. 3 The weather this summer is even … than last
summer.
a) clever
a) bad
b) cleverest
b) worst
c) wise
c) worse
2 He … reads a book.
4 It is strange but often a coke is … than a beer.
a) quickly
a) expensive
b) fast
b) expenses
c) quick
c) more expensive
5 This is the … book I have ever read. 13 He was a very … person.
a) interesting a) sensible
b) interest b) sense
c) most interesting c) sensibly
6 This glass is … 14 Two students didn’t do … mathematics homework.
a) break a) his
b) broken b) your
c) breaked c) their
7 Mary likes … grandmother. She often visits her. 15 I went to school this morning, but I didn’t learn
anything. It was just … .
a) their
a) time to go
b) her
b) time out
c) his
c) a waste of time
8 This house is … than that one.
16 Choose the adjective from this sentence: I went to
a) bigger
the store with my big sister.
b) big
a) big
c) biggest
b) my
9 Elephant … walks a distance.
c) sister
a) quickly
17 Choose the adjective from this sentence: I want to
b) slowly buy new clothes.

c) fast a) clothes

10 A holiday by the sea is … than a holiday in the b) new

mountains.
c) want
a) good
18 Choose the adjective from this sentence: I bought a
b) worst warm jacket.

c) better a) warm

11 He did not pass the course as … as he thought he b) bought

would.
c) jacket
a) easily
19 Choose the adjective from this sentence: We ate
b) ease dinner at a nice restaurant.

c) easy a) restaurant

12 Non-smokers usually live … than smokers. b) dinner

a) longest c) nice

b) longer 20 Choose the adjective from this sentence: I have a

great sister.
c) long
a) great b) as little/as
b) have 31 Choose the answer that has the same meaning as the
sentence: Linda and her sister are both successful.
c) sister
a) Linda is not as successful as her sister.
21 You add … milk to your coffee … I do.
b) Linda is as successful as her sister.
a) more/than
32 Choose the answer that has the same meaning as the
b) fewer/than
sentence: Tom is taller than his mom.
22 There are … hippos … lions at the zoo.
a) Tom is not as short as his mom.
a) fewer/than
b) Tom is as short as his mom.
b) less/than
33 Choose the answer that has the same meaning as the
23 There are … options at this location … the sentence: The two brothers are angry.
downtown store.
a) He is as mad as his brother.
a) less/than
b) He is not as mad as his brother.
b) fewer/than
34 Choose the answer that has the same meaning as the
24 Our family eats … meat … rice. sentence: California is smaller than Texas.

a) fewer/than a) California is as big as Texas.

b) less/than b) California is not as big as Texas.

25 I saw … whales … dolphins at the aquarium. 35 Choose the answer that has the same meaning as the
sentence: The kids are enjoying the new game more than
a) fewer/than the old one.
b) less/than a) The new game is as fun as the old one.
26 You add … milk to your coffee … I do. b) The old game is not as fun as the new one.
a) as much/as 36 Jane gets better grades than Kenny. Kenny is …
b) as few/as smart as Jane.

27 My husband enjoys watching football … baseball. a) as

a) as much as b) not as

b) as few as 37 Bob is more overweight than Stan. Stan is … fat as

Bob.
28 There are … hippos … lions at the zoo.
a) as
a) as little/as
b) not as
b) as few/as
38 Today is cooler than yesterday. Today is … hot as
29 There are … options at this location … the yesterday.
downtown store.
a) as
a) as few/as
b) not as
b) as little/as
39 The sisters are equally nice. She is … nice as her
30 Our family eats … meat … vegetables. sister.
a) as few/as a) as
b) not as a) as
40 The movie and the sequel are both very scary. The b) not as
sequel is … scary as the first one.

Sheep can recognise faces!

Many people think sheep aren’t very intelligent creatures. But in fact, (1)…………….. to new research, they may be
cleverer than we think. For example, sheep can actually be trained to recognise human faces from photographs!
Recognising faces is an important human social (2)…………….. . However, it seems that sheep are also social animals
that can recognise other sheep as well as (3)…………….. humans. In experiments, researchers trained eight sheep to
recognise the faces of celebrities from photographs. Training involved getting the sheep to (4)…………….. decisions
about the photos they saw. At one end of a room, they would see two different photographs, and would receive a (5)
…………….. of food for approaching the photograph of the celebrity; if they approached the wrong photograph, they got
nothing. Over time, they learned to (6)…………….. getting food with the celebrity’s photograph. And after training, the
sheep correctly chose the celebrity’s face eight times out of ten!
1 A regarding B following C resulting D according
2 A skill B talent C knowledge D method
3 A ordinary B usual C familiar D frequent
4 A set B make C have D do
5 A reward B benefit C tip D goal
6 A attach B join C add D connect

Many cities have parks for people to enjoy. And it’s very (1)…………….. to find wonderful sculptures in them. However,
some sculptures found in Fairbanks, Alaska, aren’t quite the same as in other cities. When the temperature (2)
…………….. at the end of winter, they all disappear – because they’re made of ice!
Fairbanks has been the home of the World Ice Art Championship for over 20 years, and artists from many different
countries come to create spectacular ice sculptures. The ice is brought from a lake (3)…………….. near the sculpture
park. It’s said to be so clear that visitors can read a newspaper through it – even though the individual pieces are over one
metre (4)……………..!
Visitors also have the (5)…………….. to make their own ice sculptures if they wish, as special classes. There’s a
children’s play park, too, where (6)…………….. everything is made of ice, including sculptures of favourite animals. It’s
a great place to visit!
1 A usual B general C common D familiar
2 A develops B rises C grows D builds
3 A located B arranged C contained D attached
4 A heavy B large C strong D think
5 A occasion B benefit C opportunity D ability
6 A totally B absolutely C completely D fully

Colouring books
Many people probably used to spend time adding colour to pictures in colouring books when they were children.
However, once people get older, very few of them continue with the hobby. Instead, they (1)…………….. their crayons
away in the cupboard forever.
However, psychology researchers now thing that even for adults, (2)…………….. as little as ten minutes a day colouring
pictures in this way can bring huge (3)…………….. For example, some people say that it improves their (4)……………..
for a while by making them feel more cheerful and generally calmer.
One reason for this may be that other activities (5)…………….. with art, such as drawing or painting, can actually be
quite stressful, especially if you don’t feel very successful at it. But adding colour to a picture that’s already drawn for
you (6)…………….. only a low level of skill, so you can relax rather than becoming anxious about it!
1 A leave B set C give D put
2 A taking B completing C spending D filling
3 A benefits B interests C favours D uses
4 A character B mood C condition D mind
5 A connected B joined C compared D attached
6 A depends B calls C lacks D requires

Clever birds
The wild birds known as ravens are thought to be very clever. In fact, they can solve some quite (1)……………..
problems, especially when they’re trying to get food. For example, one bird was filmed taking a box of nuts from a bird
table and (2)…………….. it onto the ground, so that it would break and the bird could eat the nuts inside!
Scientists also (3)…………….. that the birds could actually use stones as tools to (4)…………….. out simple tasks. So in
an experiment, they taught five birds to use a tool to open a box with food inside. The birds soon became very (5)
…………….. at doing this. So for the next experiment, the birds were given a small (6)…………….. of tools to choose
from. They always picked the tool that scientists had given them for the first task. And hours later, they could still
remember which tool they’d used!
1 A expert B complicated C heavy D confused
2 A letting B falling C dropping D leaving
3 A noticed B advised C watched D studied
4 A take B carry C make D check
5 A experienced B intelligent C correct D keen
6 A group B total C amount D number