SCIENCE TEST CHAPTER-8
Roll No: Total Marks: 120
_____________________
Student Name: _______________ Time Allowed: 1 h minutes
Attempt the following MCQs.
1. What is the term for the relationship between a termite and the flagellates in its gut?
A) Predation C) Mutualism
B) Commensalism D) Parasitism
2. Which of the following is an abiotic factor?
A) A predator C) A decomposer
B) Soil type D) A producer
3. The process by which plants make their own food is called:
A) Respiration C) Photosynthesis
B) Digestion D) Transpiration
4. In a food chain, grass → grasshopper → frog → snake, the primary consumer is the:
A) Grass C) Frog
B) Grasshopper D) Snake
5. Which type of soil typically holds water more strongly?
A) Sandy soil C) Clay soil
B) Loam soil D) Gravel
6. What happens to the amount of oxygen in water as the temperature increases?
A) It increases. C) It stays the same.
B) It decreases. D) It becomes zero.
7. The relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unharmed is called:
A) Mutualism C) Parasitism
B) Commensalism D) Competition
8. Which gas is a reactant in the process of photosynthesis?
A) Oxygen C) Carbon Dioxide
B) Nitrogen D) Hydrogen
9. All the interconnected food chains in a community form a:
A) Food pyramid C) Energy cycle
B) Food web D) Biomass chain
10. Organisms that break down dead organisms and waste are called:
A) Producers C) Decomposers
B) Consumers D) Carnivores
11. Which of the following plants typically requires acidic soil?
A) Wheat C) Clover
B) Azalea D) Bean
12. The area of land and water needed to provide resources for survival is known as the:
A) Biodiversity index C) Ecological footprint
B) Sustainable footprint D) Habitat zone
13. What is the primary source of energy for almost all ecosystems?
A) Water C) The Sun
B) Soil D) Wind
14. In the nitrogen cycle, the process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia is called:
A) Denitrification C) Nitrogen fixation
B) Nitrification D) Decomposition
15. A whale with barnacles attached to its skin is an example of:
A) Parasitism C) Predation
B) Mutualism D) Commensalism
16. Which factor would directly increase the oxygen level in a lake?
A) Increased temperature C) Water movement
B) Increased depth D) More decomposers
17. The main aim of "firestick farming" used by Aboriginal people was to:
A) Create large, uncontrollable fires C) Eliminate all predators
B) Encourage the growth of certain plants and D) Warm their homes
attract animals
18. Which organism is a producer?
A) Mushroom C) Grass
B) Eagle D) Rabbit
19. The glucose produced by photosynthesis is used by the plant to make:
A) Only oxygen C) Only carbon dioxide
B) Proteins, fats, and vitamins D) Only water
20. A pyramid of biomass shows:
A) The number of organisms at each level C) The energy flow between levels
B) The total mass of organisms at each level D) The age of organisms at each level
21. An introduced species that has become established in the wild is called a:
A) Native species C) Feral animal
B) Keystone species D) Decomposer
22. The study of how organisms interact with each other and their surroundings is called:
A) Biology C) Ecology
B) Geology D) Chemistry
23. Which of the following is a biotic factor in a forest ecosystem?
A) Sunlight C) Type of tree
B) Rainfall D) Soil pH
24. In the experiment with bromothymol blue, the solution turns yellow when:
A) Oxygen is added C) Carbon dioxide is added
B) Carbon dioxide is removed D) Light is present
25. The loss of nitrogen from soil to the air by bacteria is called:
A) Nitrification C) Denitrification
B) Nitrogen Fixation D) Decomposition
26. Which plant group has a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
A) Conifers C) Mosses
B) Legumes D) Ferns
27. What is the primary role of a producer in an ecosystem?
A) To consume herbivores C) To make food for the community
B) To decompose dead matter D) To compete with other plants
28. The concept of humans living so that resources do not run out is known as:
A) Ecological footprint C) Biodiversity
B) Sustainable living D) Conservation
29. A caterpillar being eaten by a wasp larva is an example of:
A) Mutualism C) Predation
B) Commensalism D) Parasitism
30. Which factor is NOT a major cause of environmental damage by humans?
A) Habitat destruction C) Chemical pollution
B) Introduced species D) Natural seasonal changes
31. In the food web described, the mouse and snake are part of how many food chains?
A) One C) Three
B) Two D) Four
32. Anglerfish move slowly in the deep ocean because of:
A) High pressure C) Limited oxygen
B) Lack of light D) Cold temperatures
33. The purpose of wrapping a flask in aluminium foil in the photosynthesis experiment is to:
A) Keep it warm C) Add more carbon dioxide
B) Prevent light from entering D) Make it look neat
34. The relationship between a hawk and a mouse is best described as:
A) Competition C) Parasitism
B) Predation D) Mutualism
35. Biodiversity refers to:
A) The number of one species in an area C) The total mass of living things
B) The range of different species in a D) The amount of sunlight an area receives
community
36. Which process returns carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
A) Photosynthesis C) Nitrogen fixation
B) Respiration D) Nitrification
37. A species that is critical to the survival of an entire ecosystem is called a:
A) Predator species C) Producer species
B) Keystone species D) Feral species
38. The main product of photosynthesis that provides energy for the plant is:
A) Oxygen C) Chlorophyll
B) Carbon Dioxide D) Glucose
39. What is the primary reason food chains are usually short?
A) There are not enough producers. C) Consumers don't like to eat each other.
B) Energy is lost at each level. D) Decomposers break them down too quickly.
40. Testing soil for pH helps to determine:
A) The mineral content C) Whether a particular plant will grow well
B) The water-holding ability D) The number of earthworms present
41. The concept that all organisms in a food web are interconnected is known as:
A) Independence C) Competition
B) Interdependence D) Sustainability
42. Which of the following is an example of a consumer?
A) Algae C) Human
B) Pine tree D) Nitrifying bacteria
43. In the leaf litter investigation, cobalt chloride paper is used to measure:
A) Temperature C) Moisture
B) Light intensity D) pH
44. The enhanced greenhouse effect is primarily due to:
A) Natural climate cycles C) Volcanic eruptions
B) Human activities D) Solar flares
45. A plan to return a threatened species' population to a safe level is a:
A) Sustainable plan C) Conservation plan
B) Recovery plan D) Protection plan
46. Which element is a key component of proteins and cycles through ecosystems?
A) Carbon C) Nitrogen
B) Oxygen D) Hydrogen
47. What is the role of pollinators like the honeyeater in an ecosystem?
A) They control pest populations. C) They transfer pollen for plant reproduction.
B) They help in seed dispersal. D) They decompose dead flowers.
48. The main conclusion of Dr. Scott Mooney's research on fire history was that the major factor
was:
A) Human activity C) Lightning strikes
B) Climate variations D) Animal grazing
49. The term "environment" for a biologist includes:
A) Only living things C) All factors affecting survival
B) Only non-living things D) Only the weather
50. The chemical in plant cells that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis is:
A) Glucose C) Carbon Dioxide
B) Chlorophyll D) Oxygen
Attempt the following Short Questions.
1. Define an ecosystem.
2. State the word equation for photosynthesis.
3. What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
4. Give one example of mutualism.
5. Name two abiotic factors that affect aquatic organisms.
6. Why are producers essential for an ecosystem?
7. What is the main difference between loam and sandy soil in terms of nutrient retention?
8. How does the depth of water affect its oxygen content?
9. Define "interdependence" in an ecological context.
10. What is the role of nitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?
11. What is a "feral animal"?
12. Why might a plant struggle to grow in sandy soil?
13. What does a "pyramid of biomass" represent?
14. How does "firestick farming" affect biodiversity?
15. What is the purpose of a "recovery plan"?
16. Give one example of a legume plant.
17. What is the primary cause of river blindness?
18. How does temperature affect the oxygen levels in water?
19. What is the key difference between commensalism and parasitism?
20. Why is biodiversity important in a leaf litter community?
Attempt the following Short Questions.
1. Explain the concept of interdependence in an ecosystem. Use a specific example (like the
hawk, mouse, and plant) to illustrate how a change affecting one organism can impact the
others in the food web.
2. Describe the process of photosynthesis. In your answer, include the balanced chemical
equation and explain why this process is considered the most important in ecosystems.
3. Analyze the impact of human activities on the environment. Discuss at least three major
impacts (e.g., habitat destruction, introduced species, chemical pollution) and suggest one
way to mitigate each.
4. Compare and contrast the three main types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism,
commensalism, and parasitism. Provide a clear example of each from the textbook.
5. Design a scientific investigation to test how light intensity affects the rate of
photosynthesis in pondweed. Include the following sections: Aim, Hypothesis, Materials,
Method (step-by-step procedure), and how you would present your Results.