EVS Short Notes for CTET

CTET- 2018
EVS SHORT NOTES
(By Let’s LEARN)
 The bamboo and rope bridge is being used in –
ASSAM
• The trolly – LADAKH
• Cement bridge – Normal Areas or Over Water
• Vallam (small wooden boat) – KERALA
Ferry is a kind of boat used in Kerala.
• Camel cart – RAJASTHAN
• Bullock carts – Villages in Plains
• The paths are rocky and uneven- In mountains –
UTTARAKHAND
• A bird has its eyes on its head and the holes are covered with
feathers-they help them to hear.
• Lizard has the same kind of ears!
• Crocodile too has its eyes like this but we can’t see them.
• DIFFERENT PATTERNS ON THE ANIMALS ARE DUE
TO THE HAIR ON THEIR SKIN
- Without hair on an animal’s body there would be no pattern!
[ CTET-Sept2016]
• Animals with ears, hair on the body – GIVES BIRTH
• Animals with no ears outside the body – LAYS EGGS
• The oldest female elephant becomes the head of the herd.
• There’s no male elephant in the herd- they left as they turn 14
or 15!
• An adult elephant can eat up to 100kgs of leaves and twigs in
one day.
• Elephants sleep for only two to four hours a day.
The mud keeps their skin cool.
• Their big ears also work like fans- they flap these to keep
themselves cool.
• There are 10 to 12 female elephants and young ones in a herd.
• Khejadi village is near JODHPUR in Rajasthan.
• Places were built by woods at that time- about 300 years ago!
• The people of this village were called BISHNOIS .
• The KHEJADI tree can grow up without much water.
• It gives beans and Don’t get affected by insects.
• Honeybee lay their eggs from October to December.
• Every beehive has one Queen Bee that lays eggs.
• There are only few males in the hive.
• Most of the bees in the hive are worker bees.
• The male bees have no special role as workers.
• Kutch is in Gujrat.
• Food of GUJRAT- dhokla with chutney, lemon rice, mithai.
• AHMEDABAD and Valsad are in GUJRAT.
• Madgaon is in GOA.
• There are total 2000 bridges and 92 tunnels in the route from
Goa to Kerala.
 Kozhikode is a city in the state of Kerala in southern

India on the Malabar Coast- it is also known as

CALICUT.
• Language where it is spoken (state)
1. Malayalam- Kerala
2. Konkani Karnataka, Maharashtra, Goa and
in some part of Kerala.
3. Marathi Maharashtra, Goa, Daman &
Diu, Dadra & Nagar haveli
5. Kannada Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh,
Tamil Nadu, MH.
The flower valley can be found in the hills of Uttarakhand.
▪ Flowers Like marigolds, zenia are used to dye clothes.
▪ The KANNAUJ district in Uttar Pradesh is famous for itr
making.
 ‘Madhubani’ is a very old form of folk art.

• There is a district in Bihar called Madhubani.

• These paintings are made out of paste of powdered rice in
which color has been mixed.
• To make these, indigo (Neel), turmeric (Haldi), colors from
flowers and trees, etc., are used.
• The paintings show human beings, animals, trees, flowers,
birds, fish and many other animals.
• Belvanika village is in Karnataka.
• Gijubhai Badheka lived in Gujarat. He wrote many stories for
children.
• An Indian robin lays its eggs in between of stones along road-
side.
• Koel lays its egg in crow’s nest.
• Birds use the nest only to lay their eggs.
• After the eggs have hatched and the chicks have grown, they
leave the nest.
• Nallamada is in Andhra Pradesh.
• Holgundi is in Karnataka.
• The children’s panchayat was called Bhima Sangh in Hilgundi.
• ABOUT BANYAN TREE- What looks like the hanging
branches are actually the roots of the tree.
• Desert Oak is a tree that is found in Australia.
• Oak tree’s roots go deep into the ground till they reach water.
 This water is stored in the tree trunk.

• Bihu festival is celebrated in Assam on the occasion of new

rice crop.
 Magh Bihu is celebrated on 14th and 15th of January

or in the 1st & 2nd Magh, the tenth month of

Assamese calender.
• They make bhela ghar from bamboo.
• Mukhtapur village is in the Pochampalli district of Andhra
Pradesh.
• Traditional occupations are carpet weaving, toy making,
Itr(perfume) production, etc.
• These things have become famous by the name of the place
where they are made like– Kullu shawls, Madhubani
paintings, Assam silk, Kashmiri embroidery, etc.
• Abu Dhabi is in UAE ( UNITED ARAB EMIRATES).
• Currency of Abu Dhabi is Dirham.
• In Kerala you can see many fruit trees like – Coconuts,
Bananas, Jackfruit, Papaya, Betelnut etc.
• The only tree which grows in desert is Date Palms.
• You can find various spices in Kerala like- Tejpatta,
Cardamoms and Black pepper.
• Garam masala is made of small and big cardamom, clove,
cumin seeds (zeera), cinnamon, black pepper, dry ginger etc.
• This is the story of lieutenant commander Wahida Prism
who is a doctor in the Indian navy.
• She is the first woman to lead a parade.
• Wahida Prism is from Thannamandi which is in Rajouri
district of Jammu and Kashmir.
 Total number of commands in a parade is 36.
• Tibetan also called Bhoti is the language spoken in ladakh.
• Mother & Father in bhoti language- aama-le, aaba-le.
• As the ants move, they leave a smell on the ground. The other
ants follow the smell to find the way.
• A silk-worm can find its female worm from many kilometers
away by her smell.
• Mosquitoes can find people by the smell of their body.
• They also find them by the smell of the sole of their feet and
the heat of their body.
• Dogs mark out their own area on the road.
• They can make out if another dog has come into their area by
the smell of its urine or potty.
 Most of the birds have their eyes on either side of the

head and their eyes can focus on two different things

at a time.
• When they look straight ahead, both their eyes focus on the
same object.
• In most of the birds, eyes are fixed and cannot move that’s
why birds have to turn their heads to see around.
• Some birds like Kites, Eagles, Vultures can see four times as
far as we can.
• These birds can see things from a distance of eight meters what
we can see from a distance of two meters.
• Animals cannot see as many colors as we can- It is believed
that animals that are awake in the daytime can see some colors.
Those animals that are awake at night can see things only in
black and white colors.
• Snakes are deaf and they only feel vibrations on the ground.
• Some birds and animals have different sounds for different
situations such as for danger or happiness- e.g Langur, Tiger or
leopard.
• Some animals start behaving in a different way when an
earthquake or storm is about to come.
• People who live in forests and can observe such behavior of
animals come to know danger.
ABOUT SLEEP
• Lizards go into a long, deep sleep for
almost a season.
• Cow sleeps around 4 hours.
• Python sleeps around 18 hours.
• Giraffe sleeps around 2 hours.
• Cat sleeps around 12 hours.
- Things you need to know about the
TIGER!
• A tiger can see six times better at night than
most of us.
• The tiger’s whiskers are very sensitive and can
sense the movements or vibrations in the air.
• They help the tiger move in the dark and find
its prey.
• A tiger’s sense of hearing is so sharp that it
can make out the difference between the rustling
of leaves and sound of an animal moving on the
grass.
• The ears of the tiger can move in different
directions and this helps to catch him the sounds
from all around.
• Tigers make different sounds for different
purposes e.g- when it is angry, when it callout a
tigress.
• It can also roar or snarl. its roar can be heard
up to 3kms away.
Danger To Animals!
• The tiger is one of the most alert animals. And
yet, today tigers are in danger.
• Elephants are killed for their tusks, rhinoceros
for its horn, tigers, crocodiles and snakes for
their skins.
• Musk deer are killed just to make a little scent
from its musk.
• Some forest areas that are protected by our
government these are:
• THE JIM CORBETT NATIONAL PARK in
UTTRAKHAND and ‘GHANA’ in
BHARATPUR district of RAJASTHAN.
• In these areas nobody can hunt animals or
destroy the jungle.
• A Snake Charmer’s Story!
• Sapera’s are also called KALBELIYAS.
• NAAG GUMPHAN- Designs of this kind are used in Rangoli,
embroidery and as well decoration in Saurashtra, Gujrat and
South India.
• The Snake Charmers recognize a snake bite by its bite marks.
• The snake charmers collect or make many medicines with the
help of plants, which they found in forests.
• Snakes are helpful for farmers as they eat rats in the fields,
otherwise rats would eat the crops.
ONLY FOUR TYPES OF SNAKES
ARE POISONOUS IN INDIA!
• Cobra,
• Common krait,
• Russel’s viper (Duboiya),
• Saw- scaled viper (Afai).
• A snake has two hollow teeth ( fangs). The poison enters the
person’s body through these fangs.
• The medicine for a snake bite is made from the snake’s poison
and is available in all govt. hospitals.

- From Tasting to Digesting:

• Our stomach’s temperature is about 30°C.
• The juice in our stomach is acidic in nature.
• Most rice grows in Kalahandi district
(Odisha).
• Rice is even sent to other states from here.
• Despite of that much production of rice -
There are many poor people in Kalahandi.
• Muslin cloth is used to strain something.
• Atreyapuram town is in Andhra Pradesh.
• Glass jars and bottles are dried well in the sun
before filling them with pickles so that no
moisture is left in them.

CTET- 2018
EVS SHORT NOTES
(By Let’s LEARN)
Part-02
Wandering seeds!
• The seeds have many tiny hooks which get
stuck to clothes or fur. They can also travel
through water.
• When the soyabean pods are ripe, they burst
and the seeds are thrown out.
• GREEN CHILLIES, TOMATO and POTATO
were brought to INDIA by traders coming from
South America.
• FROM EUROPE – Cabbage and Pea were
brought.
• FROM AFRICA – COFFEE Beans and Green
Bhindi.
• EVERY DROP COUNTS
• This chapter talks about a place named
GHADISAR. Sar means a lake.
• This is the story of JAISALMER.
• There were nine lakes and they can be filled
with a single lake.
• Jaisalmer get very little rainfall, once in a year
or sometimes not even that.
• At some places people celebrate it whenever
lakes get filled up with water e.g in
UTTARAKHAND new bride goes to bow to the
spring or the pond.
• THE REASONS WHY WELLS HAVE
DRIED UP...
• Water is being pumped up from under the
ground, with the help of electric motors.
• The lakes in which rain water used to collect
are no longer there.
• The soil around trees and parks is now
covered with cement.
EXPERIMENTS WITH WATER
• All oceans and seas have salty water.
• The saltiest water can be found in the dead sea.
• Around 300gms of salt in one litre of water.
• No one can be drawn in the dead sea because
of that much salt.(density)
• The person will float on the surface of water.
A TREAT FOR MOSQUITOES
• In malaria Fever comes with Chills and
Rigors.
• Medicine for malaria- bark of the cinchona
tree.
• Iron can be found in – Jaggery, Amla and
more green leafy vegetables.
• Flies spread diseases like stomach problems.
• Algae is a kind of plant which spreads in the
rainy season (mostly).
• The scientist who peeped into a mosquito’s
stomach- RONAL ROSS.
• He found out about malaria before this people
believe that it’s a disease of bad air.
• Malaria is caused by a one-celled parasite
called a Plasmodium.
• Female Anopheles mosquitoes- looks
brownish with spotted wings.
• Vitamins and iron give strength and
keep us warm in the cold.
• Tekla village is at the height of 1600
mts in Jhalrapatan (Jhalwar)
RAJASTHAN.
• The angle of our body should be 90
degree while climbing and the back
should be straight.
• Bachhendri Pal is the first Indian
woman and the fifth woman in the
world to reach the peak of Mount
Everest.
• Mumbai is the most crowded city of India.
• To reach Delhi from Mumbai one has to cross
many states like Maharashtra, Gujrat, Rajasthan.
• The distance from Mumbai to Delhi is
1400kms.
• The roads of Jammu and Kashmir are difficult
due to mountains.
• One has to cross Jammu and Kashmir in order
to reach Leh Ladakh.
• People use Nylon tents on hilly areas.
• Ladakh is called cold desert.
• In Ladakh you’ll see wooden houses, houses
with sloping roofs and covered in snow.
• Ladakh is high, dry and flat called a cold
desert.
• Ladakh gets very little rainfall.
• There are high snow capped mountains and a
cold, flat ground because of the dryness no
plants and trees grow in Ladakh.
• In Ladakh ‘Jule Jule’ means welcome,
welcome.
• It was a building with two floors.
• The house was made of stones which were
kept one over the other.
• The walls were coated with a thick layer of
mud and lime.
• The house looked like a shed from inside with
a lot of hay stored there.
• The ground floor is for animals and for storing
necessary things.
• Sometimes when it gets too cold, people also
move downstairs.
• Here ground floors have no windows.
• The thick tree trunks are used to make roofs
strong.
• Red chilly, orange pumpkins and golden
yellow corns are found in Ladakh.
• During summer season we dry many fruits and
vegetables, We store them for winters when we
do not get fresh fruits and vegetables.
• The thick walls, a wooden floor and a
wooden ceiling protects the people of Ladakh
from the cold.
• In Ladakh there are narrow, rocky mountain
roads. At many places there are no roads at all.
• Changthang is at a height of almost 5000
metres. It has rocky plains there.
• At a very high place people feel difficult to
breath, headache and feel weak.
• There are no petrol pumps and no mechanics
there.
• Changpa – a tribe living on the [Link]
Changpa tribe has only about 5000 people.
• The Changpa’s are always on the move with
their goats and sheep.
• They get all that they need – milk, meat, skin
for tents and wool for coats and sweaters.
• If a family has more animals it is considered
rich and important.
• From these special goats they get wool for
making the famous pashmina wool.
• The Changpa graze their goats at higher and
colder places so that the goats have more and
softer hair (fur).
• They stay high up on these mountains in very
difficult conditions because that is where these
goats can live.
• This is their life and their livelihood.
• the Changpas carry everything that they own
on their horses and yaks. It takes them only two
and a half hours to pack everything and move
ahead.
• The Changpas call their tents Rebo.
• Yak hair is woven to make strips which are
stitched together.
• These are strong and warm and protect them
from the icy strong winds.
• In winters the temperature drops many degrees
below zero! The wind blows at 70 Kms per
hour.
• In changpa language Changthang means a
place where very few people live.
• In Shrinagar you will see some houses on the
mountains, while some on water.
• In Kashmir every lane has a bakery. Kashmiri
people don’t cook roties in their homes, they
buy it from such bakeries.
• Different kinds of shelters in Jammu and
Kashmir – some on high mountains, some on
water, some with beautiful designs in wood
and stone, and some mobile shelters that can
even be packed and carried to another place.
• Near the Rebo there was a place to keep sheep
and goats. Changpas call it Lekha. The walls of
a Lekha are made with stones.
• Each family puts a special mark on their own
animals.
• The women and young girls count and take the
animals out of the lekha.
• Kargil comes in the way to Shrinagar from
Ladakh.
Houses of Srinagar!
 Houseboats- Houseboats can be as long as
80 feet and around 8 to 9 feet
wide.
 Donga- These boats can be seen in Dal Lake
and Jhelum river. From inside
the ‘donga’ is just like a house with different
rooms.
 Beautiful carving on wood can be seen on the
ceiling of houseboats and
some big houses. This design is called
‘khatamband’, which has a pattern that look
like a jigsaw puzzle.
 In villages of Kashmir, houses are made from
stones cut and kept one on top
of the other and coated with mud. Wood is also
used. The houses have sloping roofs.
 Some old houses have a special type of
window which comes out of the
wall. This is called ‘dab’. It has beautiful wood
pattern.
 The old houses here are made of stone, bricks
and wood. The doors and
windows have beautiful arches (mehraab ).
When the Earth Shook!
 On 26th January 2001, earthquake hit the
Kutch area in Gujrat.
Blow Hot, Blow Cold
 This story has been written by Dr. Zakir
Hussain, former President of India.
 The air coming out of our mouth can be cold
or hot as compared to the temperature outside.
 Stethoscope is used to listen our heartbeats.
 The cold air comes down as it is heavier.
 The breath can be cold or hot according to the
outside temperature.
■ Gandhiji’s friend Mahadevbhai’s son Narayan
stayed with Gandhiji when he was young.
■ Teacher can use news items on issues related
to ‘untouchability’ in the class to develop
sensitivity.
■ Bhimrao Ambedkar was from Goregaon in
Maharashtra.
■ The Indian Constitution was prepared under
the leadership of Baba saheb Ambedkar.
■ Interview (adapted) from the documentary
film ‘India Untouched’ by Stalin. K.
Regards,
Let’s LEARN
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CTET- 2018
EVS SHORT NOTES
(By Let’s LEARN)
Part-03
Across the Wall
■ The Nagpanda and Afsana Mansuri
Basketball teams are in Mumbai.
■ Victoria Terminus Station (railway station) is
in Mumbai.
■ Sholapur is in Mumbai.
■ Bacchu khan playground is in Mumbai named
after a coach Mustafa Khan.
A Seed tells a farmer’s story
• Vangaam is in Gujrat.
• In old times good seeds were stored in dried
gourd(lauki) coated with mud.
• Neem leaves protect seeds from insects.
• Undhiya is a kind of dish(sabji) prepared by
keeping the pot upside down between hot coals.
(undhiya means upside down in Gujrati).
• Undhiya is being eaten with bajra rotis and
home-made butter, curd and buttermilk.
• By growing the same crop over and over and
using so many chemicals the land becomes
unfertile.
• Crotons plants give signal when the soil
becomes dry.
• The roots of the crotons do not go deep in the
ground. So when the top layer of the soil
becomes dry, the croton leaves bend and
become limp.
• The earthworms soften the soil by digging
underneath to make tunnels.
• WHOSE FORESTS?
• Kuduk is a community of Adivasi people in
Jharkhand.
• The forests are disappearing – in their place
mines are being dug, dams are being built.
• Torang means jungle in the kuduk language.
• Right to forest act was made in 2007.
• The land on which we grow one tin of seeds is
called one tin of land.
• JHOOM FARMING
• After cutting one crop, the land is left as it is
for some years. Nothing is grown there.
• The bamboo or weeds which grow on that land
are not pulled out. They are cut and burnt. The
ash makes the land fertile.
• When the land is ready for farming it is lightly
dug up, not ploughed.
• Weeds and other unwanted plants are also not
pulled out, they are just cut. So that they get
mixed with the soil. This also helps in making
the soil fertile.
• This is being done in Mizoram.
• The main crop here is rice.
• The people celebrate when the crop is ripened
and they do Cheraw dance holding bamboos.
• Polio is caused by a virus, it is not inherited.
• A doctor can be invited to spread information
about these disease.
• Gregor Mendel was born in a poor farmer’s
family in Austria in 1822.
• For seven years he did experiments on 28,000
plants in the garden of the monastery.
• Pea plants have some traits which come in
pairs- Like the seed is either rough or smooth.
On the Move Again
• Dussehra comes after the rainy season.
• Farming of sugarcane needs much water.
• Puranpoli(sweet rotis made from jaggery and
gram)- This is being eaten with a spicy kadi
dish.
• Caravan is a bus or cart in which one can live
with all the facilities.
• Rats have poor eye sights but have excellent
sense of smell, touch and taste.
• In Nagpur they put sugar in dal.
• In dance the hands and face are used to convey
feelings. These are called mudras and bhavs.
• The owl can rotate its neck backwards to a
large extent.
• A bird’s feathers help it to fly and keep itself
warm too. From time to time birds lose their old
feathers and new ones grow in their place.
• ABOUT BRAILLE...
• Braille is written on a thick paper by making a
row of raised points (dots) with a pointed tool.
Braille is read by running the fingers on the
raised dots.
• Louis Braille belonged to France. when he was
three years old, he was playing with his father’s
tools. Suddenly, a pointed tool hurt his eyes. He
lost his eyesight.
• Finally, he found a way – reading by touching
and feeling. This way of reading later came to
be known as the Braille script.
• This script is based on six points.
• Braille can now also be written using the
computer.
• In the beginning, pots were made of stone and
clay.
• People made pots of stones by digging and
scraping stones with their hands.
• Kahwa(tea) with almonds and cardamom is
being taken in Shrinagar.
• The Dal lake is in Shrinagar.
• Tourists enjoy the ride of shikara in Dal Lake.
• Birds prevent fruits from insects as they eat
them.
• Bajju village is in Rajasthan.
• Symbols are important to make children
understand about maps.