Chapter- 16
N.C.E.R.T Questions and Answer:-
Q1- 1. Suppose you are in a dark room. Can you see objects in the room? Can
you see objects outside the room? Explain.
Soln: If a person is inside a room where there is no light, it is then impossible
to see the object inside the room, but the object outside the room can be
seen easily.
2. Differentiate between regular and diffused reflection. Does diffused
reflection mean the failure of the laws of reflection?
Soln:
[Link] Regular Reflection Diffused Reflection
1. It occurs when the surface is smooth. It occurs when the surface is rough.
2. Reflected rays move in a particular direction. Reflected rays scatter in random directions.
Example: Reflection by the plane mirror Example: Reflection by the road surface
The laws of reflection have not failed because each ray obeys the law of reflection. All
the reflected rays are parallel to each other, whereas in diffused reflection, the rays
aren’t parallel to the incident rays.
3. Mention against each of the following whether regular or diffused reflection
will take place when a beam of light strikes. Justify your answer in each case.
(a) Polished wooden table
(b) Chalk powder
(c) Cardboard surface
(d) Marble floor with water spread over it
(e) Mirror
(f) Piece of paper
a) The wooden table that has a polished surface – Regular reflection
b) White chalk powder that is used in school – Diffused reflection
c) Cardboard surface – Diffused reflection
d) Marble floor – Regular reflection
e) Mirror – Regular reflection
f) Piece of paper – Diffused reflection
4. State the laws of reflection.
Soln:
The law of reflection states that:
a) The angle of reflection and the angle of incidence are always equal to one
another.
b) The reflected ray, the incident ray, and the normal to the reflective
surface at the point of incidence all come on the same plane.
6. Fill in the blanks in the following :(Answer)
1) 2km
2) left , left hand
3) large
4) fewer
7. a)
8. b)
9. Describe the construction of a kaleidoscope.
Ans- Take three rectangular mirror strips of dimensions 15 cm x 4 cm (l x b) and join
them together to form a prism. A prism is fixed into a circular cardboard tube. The
circular cardboard tube should be slightly longer than the prism. This circular tube is
now closed at one end with a cardboard disc. This disc has a hole through which we can
see. At the other end of the circular tube, a plane glass plate is fixed. It is important that
this glass plate touches the prism mirrors. On this glass plate, several small and broken
pieces of coloured glass are placed. This end is now closed by a round glass plate,
allowing enough space for the coloured glass pieces to move.
10. Draw a labelled sketch of the human eye.
Ans- in book
11. Gurmit wanted to perform Activity 16.8 using a laser torch. Her teacher
advised her not to do so. Can you explain the basis of the teacher’s advice?
Soln: Gurmit’s teacher advised her not to do so because the intensity of the laser light
is very high, and it is harmful to the human eyes. It can cause damage to the retina and
leads to blindness. Hence, it is advisable not to look at a laser beam directly.
12. Explain how you can take care of your eyes.
Soln: The following points help a person to take care of his eyes:
a) Reading should not be done in bright light as well as in dim light.
b) We should visit an eye specialist at regular intervals of time.
c) If any small insects or dust particles enter our eyes, do not rub them but
clean them immediately with cold water.
d) We should avoid direct exposure of our eyes to sunlight.
e) While reading, there should be a distance of at least 25 cm between the
eyes and the book.
13. What is the angle of incidence of a ray if the reflected ray is at an angle of
90° to the incident ray?
Soln:
If the reflected ray is at the angle of 90o to the incident ray, then the angle of
incidence is 45o. According to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence
and the angle of reflection are equal. Therefore, both the angle of incidence
and the angle of reflection are 90/2 = 45o.
14. How many images of a candle will be formed if it is placed between two
parallel plane mirrors separated by 40 cm?
Soln:
If a candle is placed between two parallel plane mirrors separated by 40 cm,
then multiple and infinite images will be formed due to the multiple
reflections between the mirrors. Infinite numbers of images are formed when
two mirrors are placed parallel to each other.