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Beginner's Guide to Python Operators

The document provides a comprehensive guide to Python operators, including arithmetic, comparison, assignment, logical, bitwise, membership, and identity operators. It also highlights special cases and interview questions related to operator usage in Python. Each operator type is explained with examples to assist beginners in understanding their functionality.

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khushi khushwah
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4 views2 pages

Beginner's Guide to Python Operators

The document provides a comprehensive guide to Python operators, including arithmetic, comparison, assignment, logical, bitwise, membership, and identity operators. It also highlights special cases and interview questions related to operator usage in Python. Each operator type is explained with examples to assist beginners in understanding their functionality.

Uploaded by

khushi khushwah
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Python Operators Guide (For Beginners)

1. Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators are used to perform basic mathematical operations like addition,
subtraction, multiplication, etc.
• + : Addition → 5 + 2 = 7
• - : Subtraction → 5 - 2 = 3
• * : Multiplication → 5 * 2 = 10
• / : Division → 5 / 2 = 2.5
• // : Floor Division → 5 // 2 = 2
• % : Modulus (Remainder) → 5 % 2 = 1
• ** : Exponentiation (Power) → 2 ** 3 = 8

2. Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used to compare two values and return True or False.
• == : Equal → 5 == 5 (True)
• != : Not Equal → 5 != 3 (True)
• > : Greater Than → 5 > 3 (True)
• < : Less Than → 5 < 3 (False)
• >= : Greater or Equal → 5 >= 5 (True)
• <= : Less or Equal → 3 <= 5 (True)

3. Assignment Operators
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.
• = : Assign → x = 5
• += : Add and assign → x += 2
• -= : Subtract and assign → x -= 2
• *= : Multiply and assign → x *= 2
• /= : Divide and assign → x /= 2
• //= : Floor divide and assign → x //= 2
• %= : Modulus and assign → x %= 2
• **= : Exponent and assign → x **= 2

4. Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements.
• and : Returns True if both conditions are true
• or : Returns True if one of the conditions is true
• not : Reverses the result
5. Bitwise Operators
Bitwise operators work on bits (0s and 1s).
• & : AND → 5 & 3 = 1
• | : OR → 5 | 3 = 7
• ^ : XOR → 5 ^ 3 = 6
• ~ : NOT → ~5 = -6
• << : Left shift → 5 << 1 = 10
• >> : Right shift → 5 >> 1 = 2

6. Membership Operators
Used to test if a sequence contains a value.
• in : Returns True if value is in sequence → 'a' in 'apple'
• not in : Returns True if value is not in sequence → 'z' not in 'apple'

7. Identity Operators
Used to compare objects, not values.
• is : Returns True if two variables refer to the same object
• is not : Returns True if they do not refer to the same object

8. Special Cases & Interview Questions


Some tricky scenarios you must know for interviews:
1 What is the difference between '==' and 'is'?
2 Why does 0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3 return False in Python?
3 What happens if you divide by zero? (ZeroDivisionError)
4 How does Python handle very large numbers with ** operator?
5 Explain short-circuiting in logical operators (and/or).
6 Is 'in' operator faster on list or set? Why?

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