Dionisia Educational Center.

Mathematics Higher Cycle 5th 21

Unit No. 6. Rational Function.

Mathematics. Unit No. 6. Rational Function.

Introductory Activities.

In a municipality, $250,000 were allocated for the construction of ramps for the disabled.
corners that they do not yet possess.
a. Complete the table, which shows how many ramps can be made, according to the estimated cost of
each one.
Cost for
150 180 210 240 270 300 330
ramp ($)
Total of
ramps

b. If at least 1,100 ramps are to be built, what is the maximum amount that should be paid for each?
one?
c. If the lowest budget achieved is $200 per ramp, how many could be made?

2. Javier wants to allocate a rectangular sector of 120 2from her estate to the vegetable farm.

a. Complete the table with the approximate dimensions that this sector could have.
Length (m) 6 7.5 15 20
Width (m) 12 10.5

b. Write a formula that allows you to calculate the length of the sector based on the width.

c. Si la quinta de Javier es un cuadrado de 100m de lado, ¿cuál es el dominio y la imagen de la fórmula

What did you write in the previous item?

3. a. A micro travels the same route daily. Complete the table, which shows the time
approximately how long it takes the bus to make its route, according to its average speed.

Speed
72 60 54.5 50
average (km/h)
Time (hours) 4.5 5 7.5

b. How many kilometers do you travel daily? How do you notice?

c. Write the formula of a function that allows you to calculate how long the bus will take, depending on the speed.
media used.

d. The maximum speed on roads is 90 km/h (for buses), but the average speed is always
minimum. Suppose that the maximum reached is 80 km/h, on a day with no traffic at all, and the minimum is 30
km/h on days of heavy traffic congestion. I wrote the domain and the image of this function.

4. Represent the functions from activities 2 and 3 in the same Cartesian coordinate system and compare them.
two layouts.
 Dionisia Educational Center. Mathematics Upper Cycle 5th 22
Unit No. 6. Rational Function.

Homographic Functions

5. The formula of a function is =. ( )

a. Is a polynomial function? Why?

b. What is the domain? Why?

c. Is it true that f does not have a y-intercept? Why?

d. Complete the table by giving x positive and negative values.

( )

e. Analyze the behavior of the function: what happens to the values of when x takes values each
Are we getting closer to zero? And when do we move away from zero?

f. With the data from the table and the analysis performed in the previous section, draw an approximate graph of
.

g. ¿Esta función es continua? ¿Cuál es su imagen? ¿Y sus asíntotas? ¿Tiene raíces? ¿Por qué?

h. Indicate the intervals of positivity and negativity of .

6. a. Write the domain of each of these functions.

( ) = ( ) = ( ) =+ ( ) =−
− +
b. Represent = (and
) the previous functions in the same coordinate system.

c. Based on what has been observed, conjecture about what happens with the graph of the functions of
type ( )= compared to that of =. ( )
−

d. What can you say about the graphs of functions of the type = + ( )them with the
after comparing

of =
( ?)

e. How do the asymptotes relate to the functions? And how do they relate to the domain and the range?

f. Which of the mentioned functions have roots? And what about the y-intercept?

7. a. Taking into account how they influence the graph of functions of the type = ( ) + ,
−
graphically represent, without creating a table of values, the following functions:

( ) = ( ) =− ( ) = + ( ) = −
− − +

b. Determine the domain and range in each of them.

8. a. Graph approximately = ( ) + .
−
b. Determiná dominio, imagen y asíntotas.
c. If you have it, calculate its root and its y-intercept.
 Dionisia Educational Center. Mathematics Higher Cycle 5th 23
Unit No. 6. Rational Function.

9. a. Compare the graph of = with

( )functions of the type = , being a real ( number
) not
null.
b. ¿Cuál es el dominio de todas ellas? ¿Y la imagen? ¿Cuáles son las asíntotas?
c. What relationship is there betweenf(5) and g(5)? And between (−2) (−2)? Express the relationship with a formula that
there is between ( ) ( ) for each dex value.
d. How should c be so that the intervals of positivity and negativity of and of do they match?

10. Find the formula for a function whose graph is represented in each case.

Rational algebraic expressions.

11. Simplify, if possible, the following rational expressions and indicate the domain of validity.

2−4 2−9 9+ 2−6

a. 2−8+16
b. c.
3− 2 9− 2
1-5 3 − 2+ 2 − −6
d. 2−1 e. f. 2
25 4+ −4t+3

12. Solve the following algebraic sums.

2 3 4 1 1 2 1 .( −1)
a. − 2 + 3
b. − + 2−1
c. − −
2 3 −1 +1 −2 −3 2-5 +6

13. Solve the following combined operations.

3 3 1 1
a.(
3
− ) . (3+ + −3
). +9 2 b.( −2 41) : 2+ 2
−1 −1 −1 1 2
c.( − 1) . 1+ 1) d. ( −)( )
+2 −1
 Dionisia Educational Center. Mathematics Upper Cycle 5th 24
Unit No. 6. Rational Function.

Other rational functions.

14. a. Indicate the domain of each of these rational functions.

2−4 +1 −1 1
1( ) = 2( ) = 3( ) = 2+ 4( ) =
−2 2−1 1 2− 4

b. Which of the previous functions do you think can be continuous? Why? Indicate the points of
discontinuity of the remaining ones.

c. When possible, factor the numerator or the denominator and simplify. Does it change the domain of the
functions after simplification?

d. Reanalyze the discontinuities. Which ones are avoidable? And which are essential?

e. Find, if possible, the roots and the y-intercept of each function.

f. Working with polynomial functions, analyze the sets of positivity and negativity of
each function, taking into account the roots and discontinuities.

g. According to the analysis in the previous items, indicate which of these graphs may correspond to each
function of item a.
 Dionisia Educational Center. Mathematics Upper Cycle 5th 25
Unit No. 6. Rational Function.

15. Graphically represent the following functions, indicating beforehand: domain, roots and
intersection with the y-axis.

2−25 − 2− +2
a. ( )= b. ( )=
-5 x 2+ 5x + 6

Irrational Function.

16. Find the maximum real domain of the following irrational functions.

a. ( )= 3 √ − 9 d. ( )= √ −2 6 +8
b. ( )= √ −2 e. ( )= √ +2 7
3 1
c. ( )= √ −2 4 f. ( ) =
√ 20+4

17. Given the function =

( 2−
) + √1

a. Determine the domain of f.

b. Find the roots analytically.
c. Graph the function.
d. I wrote the image set.