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Thermodynamics Questions and Answers

This document contains 29 questions about thermodynamic concepts such as pure substances, critical and triple points, phase changes, gas compressibility, and refrigerant properties. The questions cover topics such as intensive and extensive properties, heat transfer, pressure and volume of ideal and real gases, and thermodynamic processes such as heating and cooling. Calculations of pressure, volume, temperature, enthalpy, and rates for various systems are requested.

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3 views4 pages

Thermodynamics Questions and Answers

This document contains 29 questions about thermodynamic concepts such as pure substances, critical and triple points, phase changes, gas compressibility, and refrigerant properties. The questions cover topics such as intensive and extensive properties, heat transfer, pressure and volume of ideal and real gases, and thermodynamic processes such as heating and cooling. Calculations of pressure, volume, temperature, enthalpy, and rates for various systems are requested.

Translated by

ScribdTranslations
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 3

1- Is frozen water a pure substance? Why?


2- Is there any difference between the intensive properties of the saturated liquid at a
given temperature and that of the liquid in a saturated mixture at the same temperature?
3- What is the difference between the critical point and the triple point?
4- In what type of container does a given volume of water boil at a higher temperature?
Temperature: in a tall and narrow one or in a small and wide one? Explain.
5- What is the amount of heat absorbed when 1 kg of saturated liquid water boils at 100°C?
it must be equal to the amount of heat released when 1 kg of steam condenses
saturated water at 100°C?
6- What is quality? Does it have any meaning in the superheated steam region?
If there are no tables for compressed liquid,
8- How is the specific volume of a compressed liquid determined at given P and T?
9- Complete this table for refrigerant 134a:

10- A cylinder-piston device contains 0.85 kg of refrigerant 134a at -10°C. The


piston, which has freedom of movement, has a mass of 12 kg and a diameter of
25 cm. The local atmospheric pressure is 88 kPa. If heat is transferred to the refrigerant
134a hasta que la temperatura sea de 15°C, determine a) la presión final, b) el cambio
in the volume of the cylinder and c) the change in the enthalpy of the refrigerant 134a.

11- Water is boiled at sea level in a 30 cm diameter stainless steel pot.


placed on a 3 kW electric grill. If 60 percent of the heat generated by the
The grill transfers to the water during boiling, determine the evaporation rate of the
water.
12- The saturated steam at 30°C coming from the turbine of a steam generation plant
it condenses at a rate of 45 kg/h on the outside of a 35 m long and 3 cm diameter tube
diameter. Determine the heat transfer rate of the steam to the water of
cooling that flows through the tube.
13- A rigid container of 5 ft³ holds 5 lbm of water at 20 psia. Determine: a)
temperatura, b) la entalpía total y c) la masa de cada fase de agua.
14- The steam at 180 psia and 500°F is allowed to cool at constant volume.
constant until the temperature drops to 250°F. In the final state, determine a)
the pressure, b) the quality and c) the enthalpy. Likewise, show the process in a diagram
T-v con respecto a las líneas de saturación. Respuestas: a) 29.84 psia, b) 0.219, c)
426.0 Btu/lbm
15- Determine the specific volume, internal energy, and enthalpy of liquid water.
compressed at 100°C and 15 MPa using the saturated liquid approximation. Compare
these values offered in the compressed liquid tables.
A rigid vessel contains water vapor at 250°C and an unknown pressure.
When the container cools to 150°C, the vapor begins to condense. Estimate the
initial pressure in the container. Answer: 0.60 MPa
17- El propano y el metano se usan comúnmente en invierno para calefacción, y su fuga,
even during short periods, it poses a fire hazard in homes.
Which gas leak do you think poses the greatest fire risk? Please explain.
An spherical balloon with a diameter of 6 m is filled with helium at 20°C and 200 kPa.
Determine el número de moles y la masa del helio en el globo. Respuestas: 9.28 kmol,
37.15 kg
19- The pressure gauge in a 2.5 m3 container with oxygen shows 500 kPa.
Determine the amount of oxygen in the container if the temperature is 28°C and the pressure
Atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.
20- What is the physical meaning of the compressibility factor Z?
21- The refrigerant 134a at 400 psia has a specific volume of 0.13853 ft3/lbm.
Determine the temperature of the refrigerant based on a) the ideal gas equation, b) the
generalized compressibility graph and c) the refrigerant tables.
22- What is the percentage of error incurred when treating carbon dioxide at 7 MPa?
and 380 K as an ideal gas?
A container of 1 m3It contains 2.841 kg of steam at 0.6 MPa. Determine the temperature.
of vapor with a) the ideal gas equation, b) the Van der Waals equation and c) the
tablas de vapor Respuestas: a) 457.6 K, b) 465.9 K, c) 473 K
24- There are two identical rooms except that one is kept at 30°C with 40
percent relative humidity while the other is at 20°C with 70 percent. If the
the amount of humidity is proportional to the vapor pressure, determine which room
contains more moisture.
A rigid container holds an ideal gas at 300 kPa and 600 K. Half of the gas is extracted.
from the container and it is observed that it is at 100 kPa at the end of the process. Determine
a) la temperatura final del gas y b) la presión final si no se extrae masa del recipiente y
the same final temperature is reached at the end of the process.

26- Consider a balloon with a diameter of 18 m filled with hot air, along with its gondola,
it has a mass of 120 kg when empty. The air in the balloon, which now carries two
people weighing 70 kg are heated with propane burners in a place where the
The atmospheric pressure and temperature are 93 kPa and 12°C, respectively. Determine
the average air temperature of the balloon when it begins to rise. What?
What would your answer be if the atmospheric air temperature were 25°C?
27- A mass of 10 kg of superheated refrigerant 134a at 1.2 MPa and 70°C is cooled to
constant pressure until it becomes like a compressed liquid at 20°C.
a) Show the process in a T-v diagram with respect to the saturation lines.
b) Determine the change in volume.
c) Find the change in total internal energy.
28- Vapor at 400°C has a specific volume of 0.02 m3/kg. Determine the pressure of
vapor based on a) the ideal gas equation, b) the compressibility graph
generalizada y c) las tablas de vapor. Respuestas: a) 15,529 kPa, b) 12,576 kPa, c)
12,500 kPa
29- Complete the blanks in the following table of refrigerant properties
In the last column, describe the condition of this substance as a liquid.
compressed, saturated mixture, superheated steam or insufficient information, and if it is
applicable, give the quality.

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