Instrument Calibration and Accuracy Analysis
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ScribdTranslationsInstrument Calibration and Accuracy Analysis
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ScribdTranslationsProblem #1
Consider an instrument that has the following characteristics:
Range: 200 C a 400 C
Accuracy: ± 0.5% of the Span.
If the measured value Vm is 300 C, calculate between which values it can
to understand the real value.
Solution:
Where:
Tmin: Temperatura mínima = 200ºC
Tmax: Temperatura máxima = 400ºC
Span = Tmax - Tmin = 200 C
Accuracy = ± 0.5. Span/100 = ± 1 C
The real value (Vr) should then be between (300 - 1) and
(300 + 1) °C, that is,
299 °C < Vr < 301 °C.
Problem #2
The following table shows the result of the calibration of a
instrument. It shows the absolute errors expressed
based on the scores obtained for 11 points on the scale, for three
cycles of travel in ascending and descending form starting
from half scale. The average error is also presented.
ascending and descending, as well as the total average error. Based on
to the calibration results, a) estimate the accuracy, b) hysteresis
of the instrument.
Entry ERROR Error
Going up Going down Going up Going down Going up Going down Going up Going
Going up
downClimbing average
Average Average Average
% % % % % % % % % % % %
0 -0.04 -0.05 -0.06 -0,05 -0,05
10 0.14 0.04 0.15 0.05 0.16 0.06 0.15 0.05 0.10
20 0.23 0.08 0,26 0.09 0.26 0.13 0.25 0.10 0.175
30 0.24 0.09 0.25 0.10 0,26 0.11 0.25 0.10 0.175
40 0.13 -0.07 0.15 -0.04 0.17 -0.04 0.15 -0.05 0.05
50 -0,18 -0,02 -0,16 0.01 -0.13 0.01 -0.13 -0.15 0 ["-0.15","-0.075"]
60 -0.27 -0.12 -0.25 -0.10 -0.23 -0.08 -0.25 -0.10 -0.175
70 -0,32-0,17 -0,30 -0,16 -0,28 -0,12 -0.30 -0.15 -0.225
80 -0,27 -0,17 -0,26 -0,15 -0,22 -0,13 -0.25 -0.15 -0.2
90 ["-0.16","-0.06","-0.15","-0.05","-0.14","-0.04"] -0.15 -0.05 -0.1
100 0.09 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.1
Solution:
a) Calculation of accuracy. For the estimation of accuracy based
in the most distant value, simply traverse the table and
they seek the biggest mistakes, both positive and negative.
In this case, those values are the ones identified in blue.
-0.32% and 0.26% of the span.
Accuracy = ±0.32%
b) For a real value of 50 psi, what would be the read value in the
instrument?
For true value Vv=50psi, the average error is -0.075%
from the Span, therefore the read Value VLit is calculated from the equation of
error:
−
% Error = 100%
Obtaining:
49.9625 psi < Ɓ< 50.0375 psi
Problem #3
Among the following instruments, which one will be the most suitable for
measure a pressure of 30Psi ± 40%
a) R (10→45) Psi with an accuracy of =± 2.5 %
b) R (14→44) Psi with an accuracy of =± 1.1 Psig
Solution:
Since the measured pressure is 30 Psi ± 40%, then the values
minimums and maximums (LRV and URV) are given by:
40% of 30→ 12 Psi
LRV =30-12=18 Psi
URV=30+12=42 Psi
Where:
LVR: Minimum value of the process variable
URV: Maximum value of the process variable
Therefore, the range of the Process Variable (RVP) and its Span (SP_VP)
son
RVP =(18 to 42) Psig
SP_VP= URV–LRV→ SP_VP= 24 Psig
For the instruments:
(a) Spa= 45-10 = 35 Psi Spa≥SP_VP,
(b): Spb= 44-14 = 30 Psi Spb ≥SP_VP
As the Spans of instruments (a) and (b) are greater than the range
from the process variable, either of the two equipment could be
used, however, based on the accuracy provided, it
select the one with the least error.
| maxee |
Exactitud = ± sp
∗ 100%
| maxee |
Exact ( a=
) ±
Sp
* 100 = 2.5%
| maxee |
Exact ( b=
) ± ∗ 100 = 3.33%
Sp
AsExact a ≤( Exact
) b, then:
( )
The instrument (a) is the most suitable for measuring a pressure of 30.
psig ±40%, since it gives us a more accurate measurement and also presents
a smaller deviation compared to the true value regarding
to the instrument (b).
Instrument (a)
Question #4
It is known that in a process where pressure is controlled, there is a
range of the process variable R (140→260) H2O. Determine if
some of the following pressure transmitters can be used if
At its exit there should be 4mA when the pressure is given by
LRV.
PT1: R(0→ 554) H2O, raises 10% and suppresses 50%
PT2: R(0→ 300) H2O, increases by 30% and suppresses by 20%
It must be fulfilled that Sp(PT) > Sp(VP)
When PT1 or PT2 receive 140"H2O, their output will be greater than 4mA, due to
what should be removed is the zero from the instrument at 140"H2O.
PT1: Sp(PT1) =|554– 0|”H2O = 554”H2O
Sp(PT1)>Sp(VP) = 120”H2OOK
50
PT1 suppresses 50%, that is, Suppresses = 554 *=227"H2O
100
As max. suppression capacity > desired suppression
FUNCTIONS PT1
PT2:
Sp(PT2) =|300– 0|”H2O = 300”H2O
Sp(PT2)>Sp(VP) = 120"H2O OK
20
PT1 removes 20%, meaning Remove = 300 * 60 inches of water
100
As the maximum capacity suppression < desired suppression
PT2 does not work, therefore, the transmitter PT1 is chosen.
Problem #5
For an instrument whose range is from 0 to 50 c and to which a is taken
set of values alongside a pattern as shown in the table,
calculate
a) The static error in percentage of each measurement
b) The accuracy or class of the instrument
Samples 1 2 3 4
VL( c) 0 19.9 40.2 60
VV( c) 0 20 40 60
R:
VL −V V
1) ee1= VL- VV=0 c → %ee1= ± * 100% = 0 % c
VV
VL − VV
2) ee2= VL- VV- 0.1 c→ %ee2= ± 100%−0.5% c
VV
VL −V V
3) ee3= VL- VV=0.2 c→ %ee3= ± 100% = 0.5% c
VV
VL −V V
4) ee4= VL- VV= 0 c→ %ee4= ± ∗ 100% = 0 % c
VV
b) To determine the class of the instrument, the error is required.
maximum static, which is ee4=±0.2ºC, with a Span of 60ºC, it is calculated
the accuracy according to the equation:
| maxee |
Claifoexactitud = ± 100%
sp
Claifo exactitud = 0,33%
Problem #6
The following graph shows the calibration curve of a transmitter.
of temperature, therefore it is requested to verify the following:
a) The instrument class is 0.25% V F
b) The value read for 200˚C can be 201˚C V F
0.5
0.25
0
0 40 80 120 160 200
-0.25
-0.5
ENTRY ( ˚ C)
-0.75
Solution:
a) The maximum percentage error in the span is 0.5%, therefore, the
The class of the instrument is 0.5% and not 0.25%, therefore the
the statement is false
Class = 0.5%
b) Given that the accuracy at 200ºC is -0.25%, the span is 200ºC, and
utilizando la ecuación :
| maxee |
= ± ∗ 100%
sp
Maxee = -0,5 ºC
The VLit is obtained from the expression: = VL − VV, withVv = 200ºC
VL199.5º
The value obtained from VLthrough the calculations made is different from
201ºC, therefore the statement is FALSE.