MAJOR UNIVERSITY OF SAN ANDRÉS

FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS CAREER
SUBJECT OF PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS

EXERCISE GUIDE
TEMA: ESTADÍSTICA DESCRIPTIVA

TEACHER: LIC. JORGE TROCHE LUNA

YEAR 2017
SOLUTION EXERCISES
The quadratic mean of a frequency distribution is equal to 40 and the arithmetic mean
equal to 35. What is the coefficient of variation?
SOLUTION

∑ ∑
√

∑
̅

∑
() ̅ √

So

√
̅

2. The following information corresponds to the time in hours that 80 would remain stored.
products before their distribution in the market: Cumulative relative frequency of the interval or
Class 5 is 1, class mark of interval 3 is 67.4; absolute frequency in the first interval
is 8, the cumulative relative frequency of class 2 is 0.25; absolute frequency in class o
Interval 3 is 44; absolute frequency in class or interval 4 is 10. Additionally, information is provided.
of the average of 65.7625 and the frequency distribution is of equal widths. With this
information

a) Build the frequency table

b) Calculate the standard deviation
c) Find the variance if you have the following change of variable Y = 2X - 3.
SOLUTION
a)

M L Li+1 Xi you You fi Fi

1 12.4 34.4 23.4 8 8 0.1 0.1
2 34.4 56.4 45.4 12 20 0.15 0.25
3 56.4 78.4 67.4 44 64 0.55 0.8
4 78.4 100,4 89,4 10 74 0.125 0,925
5 100.4 122.4 111.4 6 80 0.075 1

b) V(x) = 469.18 Then σ = 21,66

c) V(2X-3) = 1879.079
3.- The average salary paid in a company is Bs.1350 with a standard deviation of
Bs.100. The company has 25 employees. This year the manager makes two proposals to his
workers:
Proposal 1: Increase each worker by Bs.200.
Proposal 2: Increase each employee's salary by 2% plus a bonus of
Bs.173.
 a) Calculate the new average salary with each proposal.
b) Calculate the variance of salaries for each proposed increase.
c) Which proposal is beneficial for the employees of that company.

SOLUTION
x 1350 S x100
a) Finding the arithmetic means
Proposal 1: M(x+200) = M(x) + 200 = 1350 + 200 = 1550
Proposal 2: M(x + 0.02x + 173) = 1.02 * M(x) + 173 = 1.02 * 1350 + 173 = 1550

b) Finding the variances

Proposal 1: V(x+200) = V(x) + 0 = 1002= 10000 then S = 100
Proposal 2: V(x + 0.02x + 173) = 1.022*V(x) +0 = 1.0221002= 10404 entonces
S = 102

c) Why does proposal 1 have less variability

4.- The following information is the score achieved by a group of students out of 100.
12 19 17 15 23 42 57 67 77 81
57 61 67 81 90 12 58 70 93 23
70 78 83 14 30 50 63 78 95 35
85 100 35 39 75 17 38 65 79 85
it is requested

a) the preparation of the frequency table

b) Find the average
c) The median
d) Fashion.
SOLUTION
a) Rx = Xmax–Xmin = 100–12 k== √ 88 √

M Li-1 Li Xi' you You fi Fi Xº Now Xº

1 12 - 24.57 18,285 9 9 0.225 0.225 81 81
2 24.57 - 37,14 30,855 3 12 0.075 0.3 27 108
3 37,14 - 49.71 43,425 3 15 0.075 0.375 27 135
4 49.71 - 62.28 55,995 5 20 0.125 0.5 45 180
5 62.28 - 74.85 68,565 6 26 0,15 0.65 54 234
6 74.85 - 87.42 81,135 10 36 0.25 0.9 90 324
7 87.42 - 100 93.71 4 40 0,1 1 36 360
40
∑
b) Media:
c) Median:

e) Fashion:
( )
 5.- For a sample of 4 data points, it is known that:
y Calculate the variance.

SOLUTION
It is known what (x i x) 0 , then (x4 x) 2
(x i x)2 12 2 (8)2 (6)2 2 2 248
V (x) 62
n 4 4

6.- A student of Probability and Statistics is given the following frequency table What
contains the data on temperature in ºC subjected to a virus, with 24 observations and
incomplete information left by another student of Equal class width and an average
Arithmetic of -2.5ºC. Find the median

Limits Xi Absolute Frec.

-14.5 3
5
10
0.5 - 3
3
2
SOLUTION

If the distribution is of equal widths: c1= c2= c3= c4= c5= c6= c
So L4-L1= 3c
0.5 - (-14.5) = 3c then c = 5

It is also known that: n1+ n2+ n3+ n4+ n5+ n624

3 + 5 + 10 + n4+ 3 + 2 = 24 then n4= 1

Abs. Frq
Limits Xi Freq. Now
(ni)
-14.5 - (-9.5) -12 3 3
(-9.5) - (-4,5) -7 5 8
(-4.5) - 0.5 -2 10 18
0.5 - 5.5 3 1 19
5,5 - 10,5 8 3 22
10.5 - 15.5 13 2 24
TOTAL 24
 n/2 = 24/2 = 12, the Median is found in the class that exceeds 12 in the frequencies
accumulated

Me(x) = Li+ (n/2 - Ni-1)ci/ni= -4.5+(12-8)*5/10 = -2.5 ºC

7.- NRF/BIG provides the results of a research on the amounts spent

on holiday consumers. The following data are the amounts spent on
vacation for the 25 consumers of a sample.
1200 850 740 590 340
450 890 260 610 350
1780 180 850 2050 770
800 1090 510 520 220
1450 280 1120 200 350

a) Classify the variable and create a frequency distribution with these data with 5
equal intervals.
b) What percentage of consumers spend more than 860 Bs?

SOLUTION

a) X: Vacation expense
Rx = Xmax - Xmin = 2050 - 180 = k= 5 c= 1870/5 = 374

Frec
Limits Absolute Relative Frequency % Frec Now Now
180 - 554 11 0.44 44 11 44
554 - 928 8 0.32 32 19 76
928 - 1302 3 0.12 12 22 88
1302 - 1676 2 0.08 8 24 96
1676 - 2050 1 0.04 4 25 100
Total 25 1 100

b) P%(X>860 Bs.) = 28% + 12% + 8% + 4% = 52%

8.- In the following age distribution, information was omitted.

Ages 10 - .20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50
Relative frequencies 0.20 ? ? 0.12
It is known that the arithmetic mean is 29.4 years,

a) complete the data

b) calculate the mode
c) Calculate the median
SOLUTION
a)
∑
∑

Solving the following system of equations:

 b) Median:

c) Fashion:

9.-18 film critics evaluated the movie 'Batman', using an evaluation system of
five stars at most, what have the following meaning:
1 star I was disgusted
2 stars I didn't like it.
3 stars I liked it.
4 stars I liked it a lot.
5 stars I was fascinated.

Las evaluaciones (en cantidad de estrellas) fueron las siguientes: 4, 2, 5, 2, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 4,

4, 4, 2, 4, 4, 5, 4.

a) Determine the variable and its classification.

b) Summarize the frequency table with the data. Make a comment about it.
What evaluations did the critics give to this movie.

SOLUTION

a) Variable : X: Evaluación de la película Batman Inicia

Ordinal Qualitative Variable

b)
X you fi fi%
I was disgusted. 0 0 0
I didn't like it. 3 0.17 17
I liked it 3 0,17 17
I liked it a lot 10 0.55 55
I am fascinated 2 0.11 11
Total 18 1.00 100

10.- A teacher of Calculus I lost the exams of the first partial. But
remember the following, that the 120 notes had a symmetrical distribution (that is, the
the frequencies of the first and last class were the same, those of the second and the penultimate were the same,
the third and the antepenultimate were the same) with 7 class intervals of equal widths.
Additionally, the following information is found in their files:
 -Frecuencias relativa porcentual de la clase 1 = 5%
Relative percentage frequencies of class 3 = 15%
Relative non-cumulative percentage frequency of class 3 = 85%
Class representative or class brandi) from class 4 (x4= 72
7
- xi 400
i 3
a. Reconstruya la tabla de frecuencias.
b. If at least 70 points are needed to pass the exam. How many
Did they waste that exam?

SOLUTION
a)
Li - Li+1 fi% Fi* you Xi
44 to 52 5% 100% 6 48
52 to 60 10% 95% 12 56
60 to 68 15% 85% 18 64
68 to 76 40% 70% 48 72
76 to 84 15% 30% 18 80
84 to 92 10% 15% 12 88
92 to 100 5% 5% 6 96
Total 100% 120
b)
Number of students with a score of at least 70 points = 36 + 18 + 12 + 6 = 82
Nº de estudiantes q no aprovecharan = 120–82 = 38

BIVARIATES
1. In a two-dimensional frequency distribution, the following values were obtained:
V(X–Y ) = 2560 ; V(x) = 3600; promedio de X = 50; Promedio de Y = 15; Y = 5 + 0.2 X.

Find the line X = a' + b' Y.

SOLUTION
( ) ( ) ( )
̅ ( ̅ ) ̅ ̅
() () ()

Replacing the data in the Equations

Comparing with the line, we have: 0.2 = Cov(x,y)/V(x) Cov(x,y) = 0.3*3600 Cov(x,y) = 720

V(X-Y) = V(x) + V(y)–2Cov(x,y) 2.560 = 3.600 + V(y) -2*720 V(y) )= 400

Replacing in
( )
̅ ( ̅ )
()
( )
The straight solution is
 2.- The oxygen content Y has been measured in milligrams/liter from Lake Titicaca at a
depth of X meters, obtaining the following data:

X 15 20 30 40 50 60 70
Y 6.5 5.6 5.4 5.0 4.6 1.4 0,1
a) Find the regression line
b) For a depth between 70 and 75 meters, what oxygen content could be expected?
predict?

SOLUTION
a)
Y X X2 XY
6.5 15 225 97.5
5.6 20 400 112
5.4 30 900 162
5.0 40 1600 200
4.6 50 2500 230
1.4 60 3600 84
0.1 70 4900 7
28.5 215 9225 885.5

∑ ∑
{ Normal Equations: 7a+ 215b = 28.5
∑ ∑ ∑
215a+9225b = 885.5
a = 3.9525
b = 0,003869 The model is
y = 3.9525 + 0.003869x

b) For x = 70 m Y = 3.9525 + 0.003869 (70) = 4.2233 milligrams/liter

For x = 75m Y = 3.9525 + 0.003869 (75) = 4.2427 milligrams/liter

Then between 4.2233 to 1.2427 milligrams/liter

3. The following table records the grades obtained in Calculus for 2 courses and in
Statistics with the number of people who received those grades
Score in 9 1 9 7 5 8 5 6 5 9 4 7 5 8 3 7 9 9 7 2 7 9
Calculation 1 3 1 1 9 6 2 4 4 9 9 3 6 2 6 7 2 0 3 7 2 2
Score in 8 6 6 9 6 3 5 1 3 9 2 1 8 7 5 4 1 7 3 1 2 1
Statistic 1 0 2 0 5 2 0 3 8 6 6 1 2 5 3 4 5 8 2 4 9 4
Frequency
2 3 1 2 4 7 6 3 1 3 7 5 4 3 5 6 2 5 8 3 8 6
a
a) Classify into a two-dimensional frequency table considering as the start
from the intervals [10; 25[ and so on until reaching [85; 100[ if applicable.
b) Build the table of marginal frequencies
c) Calcule la COV(x,y) y las varianzas V(x-y), V(X+y).
SOLUTION
Two-dimensional frequency table
Y [40– Marginal
[10–25[ [25 –40[ [55–70[ [70 –85[ [85 –100[
X 55 X
[10–25[ 0 0 0 3 0 0 3
[25–40[ 3 0 5 0 0 0 8
[40–55[ 0 8 6 0 0 0 14
[55–70[ 3 0 0 4 4 0 11
[70–85[ 5 16 6 0 3 2 32
[85–100[ 8 7 0 1 5 5 26
Marginal Y 19 31 17 8 12 7 94
b)
eleven you niXi niXi2
17.5 3 52.50 918.75
32.5 8 260.00 8.450,00
47.5 14 665.00 31,587.50
62.5 11 687.50 42.968,75
77,5 32 2.480,00 192.200,00
92.5 26 2.405,00 222.462,50
Total 94 6.550,00 498.587,50

yi you you you2

17.5 19 332.50 5.818,75
32.5 31 1.007,50 32.743,75
47.5 17 807,50 38.356,25
62.5 8 500.00 31.250,00
77.5 12 930,00 72,075.00
92.5 7 647,50 59,893.75
Total 94 4.225,00 240.137,50

c)
X = 69,68 V(X) = 448,70
Y = 44,95 V(Y) = 534,44
COV (x,y) = 3.157,45–3.131,93 = 25,52
V(X - Y) = 932.11
V(X + y) = 1,034.17

4.- Given the two-dimensional distribution, where:

X: Duration time of special alkaline batteries
Y: cost of the alkaline battery in $us.
The following data is available:
V ( x ) 3600,x 50;y 15;V(XY 2560
The linear model where: y = a + bx, where a = 5 and b = 0.2
 Find:
a. and interpret the correlation coefficient
b. the linear model x = c + dy

5.- An experiment was conducted in which the data shown in the following was recorded.
table
x (cm) y (cm)
10 3.6
15 7.9
20 14.5
25 23.4
30 34.5
35 47.5

a) Determine the best fitting curve.

b) Calculate the correlation coefficient of the best fitting curve.
c) What will the value be when x = 33 (cm).

SOLUTION
a) The table is formed to apply and determine the best fitting curve:

x (cm) y (cm) x*x y*y x*y

10 3.6 100 12,96 36
15 7,9 225 62.41 118.5
20 14.5 400 210,25 290
25 23.4 625 547.56 585
30 34.5 900 1190.25 1035
35 47.5 1225 2256.25 1662.5
Suma = 135 131,4 3475 4279.68 3727
We proceed with a POTENTIAL equation

Applying logarithms, and making the variable changes:

() (( ))

Equation that will be used for linearization:

x (cm) y (cm) x=ln(X) y=ln(Y)
10 3.6 1,224127541 1,28093385
15 7.9 2,708050201 2,06686276
20 14.5 2,995732274 2,67414865
25 23.4 3.218875825 3.15273602
30 34.5 3,401197382 3,54095932
35 47.5 3,555348061 3,86072971

b) y = 0.0298x2.0715
R² = 0.9996
c) If x = 33 (cm)
 y = 0.0298 * (33)2.0715
y = 41,6694617 (cm)

Adjusted curve
50
45
y = 0.0298x2.0715
40
R² = 0.9996
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

6.- Certain experiment in which there is a correlation of its data, records the following table:
H (cm) Q (lt/seg)
1.5 22.6
2 41.4
2.5 66
3 98.2
3.5 140
4 186.6
a) Find the best correlation.
b) Determine the coefficient of determination
SOLUTION.-
We proceed with a POTENTIAL equation

By applying logarithms and making the variable changes:

() (( ))

Equation that will be used for the linearization:

H (cm) Q (lt/seg) x=ln(H) y = ln(Q)

1.5 22.6 0.40546511 3.11794991
2 41.4 0.69314718 3.72328088
2.5 66 0,91629073 4,18965474
3 98.2 1,09861229 4,58700622
3.5 140 1,25276297 4,94164242
4 186.6 1,38629436 5,22896729
The graphic is:

Q vs H
200
y = 9.3197x2.1548
100 R² = 0.9997

0
0 1 2 3 4 5

The found equation is:

Q = 9.3197 * H2,154
b) R² = 0,9997
7.- From the following table find:
x y 10 20 30 40
0 3 9 7 0
1 4 0 5 3
2 6 1 0 2
n = 40

Find:
a) F3.3
b) F3,4
c) N1,4

Solution.
x y 10 20 30 40
0 0.075 0.225 0.175 0
1 0.1 0 0.125 0.075
2 0.15 0.025 0 0.05
1
a)

0.875

b)

c) =3 +9+7+0= 19

8.- The table shows the birth rate per 1000 inhabitants from 1990 to 1996.

a) find the least squares equation,

b) considering that the trend continues, predict the birth rate for the year 2000.
 Rate of
Year
nac/1000
1990 16.6
1991 16.3
1992 15,9
1993 15.5
1994 15.2
1995 14.8
1996 14.5

SOLUTION
Code
Y x2 xy
a) (X)
0 16.6 0 0
1 16.3 1 16.3
2 15.9 4 31.8
3 15.5 9 46.5
4 15.2 16 60.8
5 14.8 25 74
6 14.5 36 87
Summation 21 108.8 91 316.4

Y = 16.614 - 0.357X
b) X = 10
Y = 16,614–0.357 (10) = 13.044 = 13

9.- The following table shows the number of men and women in a school respectively.
cada curso (10,15)(12,13)(15,9)(12,12)(9,7)
a) Using a linear model to estimate the number of how many women there will be if there are 50
men.
b) The coefficient of determination.

SOLUTION
a)
X y X*y
10 15 150 100 225
12 13 156 144 169 (( )

15 9 135 225 81 ) ()
12 12 144 144 144
9 7 63 81 49
648 694 668
 () ( ) ()
For the linear model.
̂ ( ) ( )
( )

( )
() ( ) ()
()

() ()

a) If x=50
̂
̂

b) (√
) ∑ () (√
) ∑ ()

(√
) (√
)

() ()
( )

() ()

10.- Given the double-entry table, where

Age of the Woman
Y: Number of child
Find:
Media
Variances
Covariances
2
There are men 1 2 3 4 you Xi You Xi you. Xi Yj ni.j
Xi women
20 ¬ 24 2 1 ¬ ¬ 3 22 66 1452 44 44 ¬ ¬
24 ¬ 28 2 4 1 ¬ 7 26 182 4732 52 208 78 ¬
28 ¬ 32 1 3 7 2 13 30 390 11700 30 180 630 240¬
32 ¬ 36 ¬ 2 5 4 11 34 374 12716 136 510 544
ni.j 5 10 13 6 34 112 1012 30600 2696
Yj ni.j 5 20 39 24 88
Yj2ni.j 5 40 117 6 258

a)
 X (media) = 1/n Σxi= 1/34(1012)=29.76
Y (media) = 1/n ΣYi= 1/34(88)=2.59
b)
V(x)=1/n *Σxi2¬ x = 1/34 * 30600 ¬ (29.76)214.34

V(y) = 1/n * Σyi2¬ y = 1/34 * 258 ¬ (2.59)2=0.88

c)
COV[x,y]= 1/nΣ Σ Xi Yj ni j¬XY(mean)= 1/34*2696¬29.76*2.59=2.2157
PROPOSED EXERCISES
1. Determine the truth or falsity of the following propositions. Replace each
false statement by the true proposition.

a) A variable is a property that can vary (acquire different values) and whose
variation is susceptible to measurement.
b) The ordinal scale of measurement uses only numbers as labels or names.
c) The nominal scale of measurement is used when observations can be placed in a
Order and hierarchy concerning the characteristic being evaluated.

2. Establish the truthfulness or falsity of the following statements. Replace each

false statement for the true proposition.
a) Every class distribution has a class interval
b) The number of classes depends on the number of observed values
c) The data series is a frequency distribution
d) The frequency distribution is an arrangement of values ordered in which the frequency of
each value is reported or displayed.
e) The frequency distribution of ungrouped data is an arrangement of ordered value intervals.
What shows the frequency of each interval.

3. Classify the types of variables from the following statements:

a) The number of vehicles that pass through a certain street.
b) The monthly salary that a public employee earns
c) The amount of rain that falls in a month in the city of La Paz.
d) The jersey number of a football player.
e) The pressure that a compressed air valve can withstand.
f) Daily distance traveled by each student to go from their home to the university.
g) Time required for a student to answer the exam questions.
h) Calls that arrive at the telephone exchange of a company during a day.
i) Type of coaxial cable.
j) Height of male students who belong to the basketball team.

4. Classify body weight as a continuous quantitative variable and a variable

Ordinal qualitative.

5. For the following statement, identify the type of variable: Students are interviewed.
a statistics class about their attitudes towards the legalization of abortion; their
responses will be used to predict the opinion of the university community on what
Regarding this topic. What options for answers are considered?

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
6. What is a frequency distribution?
7. When is a frequency distribution used?
8. What are the classes or class intervals of a frequency distribution?
9. What is the class width?

10. Of the following options, which can determine a set with greater precision?
observations?
a) Un grouped frequency distribution
b) Grouped frequency distribution
11. In the organization of the data collected in a frequency distribution:
a) Why should the number of classes not be too large or too small?
b) Why is it sometimes necessary to take intervals of different lengths?
12. The count of the number of times the same calibration equipment was used was carried out.
56 days, the results are as follows:
2 6 4 7 1 8 6 4 7 5 4 8 3 4
4 5 4 3 5 7 3 5 3 2 5 6 2 5
7 7 1 5 2 9 5 6 6 4 3 5 4 3
6 4 1 6 5 6 2 3 6 4 4 8 2 4
For the data:
a) What type of variable is it?
b) Build a frequency distribution table.
c) Interpret two absolute frequencies (ni)
d) Interpret two relative frequencies (fi)
13. Consider the following set of average grades from students from the previous semester.

58 56 51 80 65 53 59 68 64 53 56 58 60
61 67 56 64 71 38 61 63 43 58 46 49 50
55 52 51 56 53 59 51 51 39 50 40 41 50
55 52 61 52 42 59 45 56 58 42 40 41 55
60 47 56 56 53 38 79 63 53 58 46 49 50
59 45 56 58 42 48 41 55 59 65 56 58 52
For the data:
a. Construct a frequency distribution table with equal widths
b. Interpret N2F4F*3%, N* ,N*3 7
c. Build a frequency distribution table with widths of: 35-45, 45-55, 55-
65, 65-75, 75-85.
d. Interpret N2F4F*3N* 3
14. The number of nurses on duty each day at the General Hospital is grouped in a
distribution What has the classes 15 - 30, 31 - 44, 45 - 62, 63 - 74 and 75 - 90. Find
a) The lower class limits
b) The upper class limits
c) Class brands or representatives
d) The width or class interval of the distribution
e) What types of extrema does it have?
f) Convert into a distribution of real extremes.
15. Given the following frequency distribution of equal widths based on family income
per week of 210 families
Ingreso (Bs.) No. Flias.
LiL* i+1 nI Ni
- 25
240
- 45 110
- 167
280 -
- 20
 a. Complete the table
b. What percentage of families has an income greater than or equal to 230 Bs.
c. How many families have an income between 230 and 257 Bs.
d. What proportion of families has an income less than 240
16. Given the distribution of the number of equipment in poor condition, what does the laboratory have in 320?
the following was found:

Number of teams No. Days

Xi ni Nif I
4 0.0375
5 33
47 92
7 0.2375
87
9
10 20
a. Complete the table
b. What percentage of days have more than 5 teams in bad condition.
c. How many days did they have 6 or more teams in poor condition?
d. What proportion of days had less than 8 teams in poor condition

TABULAR AND GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATIONS

17. Answer the following questions clearly and simply.
a. What is the purpose pursued by graphically representing the data?
tabulated?
b. Explain the difference between bar charts and histograms.
c. What are the parts that make up the chart and the statistical graph?
18. The scores of 50 students are classified in a frequency distribution table.
four intervals of amplitude constant. Knowing What:
x2 50,n1 4,N2 20,n3 25,c 6.2. Rebuild the picture.

19. 36 students were interviewed and asked about the number of subjects they passed.
the summer courses, they responded the following.

2 3 3 2 4 2 3 2 2 5 2 2
3 2 0 4 2 1 6 0 3 2 3 4
1 2 1 2 5 2 2 4 2 4 2 3
For the data:
a) Build a frequency distribution table.
b) Build the bar chart and the frequency polygon.
c) Build the cumulative frequency diagram.
d) Interpret:2, N4,
20. The following presents the grades obtained by 48 students in the subject
Statistics, corresponding to the first exam of the 2017 management.
60 41 42 48 47 50 65 66 88 89 91 98 71 73 73 57
39 35 33 41 42 41 60 50 74 65 52 53 80 94 55 84
81 74 61 76 77 85 67 68 69 94 85 66 85 88 77 64
 For the data:
b) Build a frequency distribution table with 6 intervals.
c) Build the histogram and the frequency polygon.
d) Build the histogram of accumulated frequencies and the ogive.
21. The histogram represents the voltages with which an electronic system is started.

hi

2
1

216 218 220 222 224 226 228 230

a. Build the frequency table

b. How many times is a system initialized with a voltage lower than 218.5?
c. How many times is a system initialized with a voltage higher than 220 and lower than
223?
d. What percentage of the time is a system initialized with a voltage lower than
222.7?
e. What proportion of the time is a system initialized with a voltage between 217.5 and
222.3?
f. Plot the ogive

22. Given the following frequency distribution based on the temperature in which they work
the companies

Temperature No. companies

(in °C) ni
LIL* i+1
12 - 16.8 43
16.8 - 22.5 45
22.5 - 27.1 50
27.1 - 34.3 82
34.3 - 39.6 60
39.6 or more 20

a. Graph the histogram

b. What percentage of companies work with more than 26 °C
c. How many companies operate between 22 and 33°C.
d. What proportion of companies work with less than 28°C.
What difficulties do you find in this distribution with the upper endpoint open?
23. From a children's hospital, the following report of care by day is provided. Up to 2 months
by age, 50 children; from 2 to 6 months, 60 children, from 6 months to 1 year, 70 children, from 1 to 2 years, 96 children and
From 2 to 3 years old, 72 children.
a) Graphically represent using the area diagram
b) Graphically represent using a pie chart.

24. If the observable variable is Number of years of study, the following were found
valores: 10, 8, 13, 16, 12 y 13
a. What type of variable is it?
b. Find the arithmetic mean
c. Find the median
d. Find the mode
The quadratic mean

25. If the observable variable is age of admission to university, the following were found
valores: 17, 18, 18, 19, 19, 18, 20, 19 y 17
a. What type of variable is it?
b. Find the harmonic mean
c. Find the median
d. Find the mode
e. The geometric mean

26. The following distribution shows the results of a malnutrition test applied to 130
primary school students from a school.
Test level 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-100
Nº de Alumnos 15 13 12 31 33 24 10 12
Calculate and interpret:
a) The arithmetic mean
b) The arithmetic mean through the transformation w = (x-45)
c) The arithmetic mean using the transformation z = (x-55)/10
d) The median and the mode.
e) What percentage of students has levels of malnutrition higher than the arithmetic mean?
f) What percentage of students have levels of malnutrition lower than the arithmetic mean?

27. In an audit job at a local factory, the following information was obtained:
Salary intervals that employees receivediL*i+1) and the relative accumulated of
number of employees by salary ranges (FI).

LiL*i+1 FI
2300 - 2500 0.12
2500 - 2700 0.29
2700 - 2900 0.71
2900 - 3100 0.92
3100 - 3300 1.00

a. Determine the average salary

b. Determine the new average if it is known that there was an 8% increase and a
Bonus of 300 Bs. in the year 2003
 c. In 2003, when the factory went bankrupt, the bosses reduced the
salaries of employees by 3%, What was the new average salary?
d. Find and interpret the median
e. Find and interpret the mode

28. Given the following frequency distribution of the duration time of electrical artifact (
in days)

Duration (Days) No.

LiL* i+1 artifacts.
ni
400 - 550 38
550 - 720 53
720 - 780 40
780 - 900 62
900 - 1500 70
1500 - 2500 20
Find:
a. la media aritmética b. la mediana c. fashion

29. According to the age of the employees of the companies, the following information was obtained

52.2 28.3 39.5 39.7 27.5 17.5 36.3 27.4 47.9 51.3 43.9 24.8
64.6 25.2 46.9 35.8 49.9 17.8 44.9 35.4 46.7 32.3 28.6 58.0
22.1 23.5 19.7 44.9 24.0 58.2 26.0 64.8 60.0 26.4 16.1 63.4
15.2 39.2 50.7 51.0 22.3 55.5 33.5 52.8 44.2 35.8 47.8 29.9
21.9 16.1 44.5 42.3 42.7 21.2 52.4 38.0 59.2 18.7 46.4 50.8
43.3 23.1 57.8 15.6 19.5 46.0 18.9 17.4 27.5 34.6 45.8 54.9
46.3 17.2 40.5 29.2 39.8 54.1 55.8 24.3 57.7 42.2 38.1 20.4
Find:
a) la moda b) la media aritmética
30. Demonstrate with the data 4, 7, 12, 9, and 10 that Ma(x) < Mg(x) < M(x) < Mc(x).

31. Demonstrate that Ma(x) < Mg(x) < M(x) < Mc(x) from exercise 29.

32. The average monthly salary (arithmetic mean) of the workers of a shoe factory is
Bs. 1350. In the factory, there are three groups of workers: The apprentices who earn an average
of Bs. 600 and constitute 20% of the workers, the workers earn an average of Bs.
1200 and the teachers constitute 30% of the workers.
a) What is the monthly average of the teachers?
b) If the workers achieve a 15% monthly increase and the following month, for one time only
sometimes, they deduct Bs.28 for affiliation procedures to the CNS, what will it be next month?
the monthly salary of the workers

33.- In what cases would you use the median instead of the arithmetic mean?
34.- A button factory has three machines. Machine B produces half of what it produces.
Machine A and machine C's production is 20% lower than what machine B produces.
The production costs per unit are bs. 20, 30, and 50 for machines A, B, and C.
respectively. If a 20% profit per dozen is desired, the average selling price needs to be calculated.

35.-In a calculus one class, there are 40 male students with an average age of 20.
In years, women are on average 10% younger. How many women are there if the average age of the
Is the class 19 years old?

36.-Consider an airplane that flies around a square that has 100 miles on each side,
traveling the first one at 100 m.p.h., the second at 200 m.p.h., the third at 300 m.p.h. and the
cuarto a 400 m.p.h.. ¿Cuál es la velocidad media armonica, media cuadratica y media geometrica
of the airplane in its flight around the square?
37.- Why is it important to know a measure of dispersion?

38. In a form, the salaries fluctuate between Bs.500 and Bs.2000 monthly, with an average of
Bs.1200 and a standard deviation of Bs.120. Due to a salary improvement policy, it
four proposals are made.
a) 5% más del salario y 150 adicionales, b) 10% menos del salario y 330 adicionales, c) 17,5%
more than the salary d) Bs.210 for everyone, e) Which of the proposals benefits the most?
workers? why?

39.- The following frequency distribution corresponds to the time it took to finish a
test What 50 applicants gave in a higher institute that had a maximum duration of
140 minutes. The class width of all intervals is 20.

Time (min.) nI Ni xini

300
400
23 350
17
120 440
50
Halar:
the 18th percentile
b. The third quartile
c. The sixth decile
d. The mean deviation
e. the standard deviation and interpret
the interquartile range

40.- The ministry of health in a monitoring conducted in a suburban development has found
the following distribution of infant mortality:
Years (children) 0.00-0.20 0.20-0.30 0.30-1.00 1.00-2.00 2.00-3.00
Number of children 50 30 12 5 3
a) Calculate the average age in months and interpret.
b) The standard deviation and interpretation
c) The kurtosis coefficient and interpret
41.-Given the data series: 6,7,4,8,10,6,4,12,20 calculate:
the mean deviation
b) kurtosis,
c) the asymmetry

42.- A quality control technician selects 250 boxes weighing one pound from a process of
production, and found the following weight distribution (in ounces).
WEIGHT FREQUENCY
-----------------------------------------------------------
Less than or equal to 15.97 20
15.98 to 16.00 40
16.01 to 16.03 150
16.04 a 16.06 30
16.07 and more 10
------------------------------------------------------------

Determine el peso medio, mediano, moda y la desviación típica. e interprete

43.-In a textile factory, the coefficient of variation of salaries in December 1997 was
19%. After a negotiation in March 1998, a general increase was agreed upon.
7.5% plus a BS. 80 transportation bonus for all staff in these measures the coefficient of
The variation in salaries was 16%. Calculate the average salary and the standard deviation for March.
and for December.

The teacher of the algebra subject wants to know the level of knowledge of calculus of his
group of students to plan their classes according to that level, for this they randomly choose 15
students and a standardized test is applied to them for this purpose, obtaining the following
results; 4 3 7 5 6 4 5 4 5 6 7 7 3 4 5.
a) What is the average level of the group?
b) What is the median of the scores?
c) What is the mode of the scores?
45.-The following distribution shows the results of an intelligence test administered to 130
5th grade students from a school.

Test level 0-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-100
Nº de Alumnos 15 13 12 31 33 24 10 12

Calculate and interpret:

g) the coefficient of asymmetry
h) the coefficient of kurtosis
46.-In a company where the wages of the workers have an average of 1200 Bs. And
variance of 54 Bs. The union requests a 25% increase on the basic salary of each
worker and also assign a bonus of 75 Bs. to each worker. The executive welcomes
partially the request by reducing the salaries proposed by the union by 20%, which is
accepted by the workers. It is requested to calculate the average and the standard deviation of the new
salary distribution.
 Grades 0-5 5-10 10-12 12-15 15-20
fi 0.04 f2 0.4 f4 0.1

Determine:
a) The missing data knowing that the arithmetic mean is 11.5.
b) The interquartile range
c) The mean deviation
51.-The following information is provided regarding a frequency table with six intervals of
class of equal amplitude:
x = 35.3, Me(x)=35, f1=0.04, f3=0.4, F2=0.10 and F5=0.98 f50.16
Determine:
a) The coefficient of variation.
b) The coefficient of skewness.
52. From the following frequency distribution. Determine the average, variance, the Coefficient of
asymmetry and variation.

Values of the
variable You
50 - 60 5
60 - 70 15
70 - 80 35
80 - 90 87
90 - 100 137
100 - 110 150

53. Find the new variance and mean of the new incomes of a group of workers.
company, What increased by 20% plus a bonus of Bs 300, if you know that the average was
Bs 800 and the variance of 100.

54. The variance of n data of variable X is 36. If the sum of the data is 36 and the sum of its
3X 9
cuadrados es 468. Calcular la media aritmética y la varianza de la variableY .
10

55. In a test administered to 100 people, the following information was obtained. The scores are
they were tabulated in a frequency distribution of 5 intervals of equal width, being the
minimum score of 40 and maximum of 90. The absolute frequency of the central interval was 40
and the fifth of 10. The relative frequency of the first interval is 0.05 and that of the fourth is 0.15.
Determine the coefficient of variation and the skewness index of the scores.

56. The owner of a gas station knows what a particular customer consumes during the months
In winter, an average of 105 gallons per week with a standard deviation of 12 gallons. Find
the average and the standard deviation of customer consumption per day.
BIVARIATE
[Link] the data set
No Advertising Sales No Advertising Sales No Advertising Sales
1 3.2 19.5 24 1.4 14.1 47 3.8 15,8
2 7.1 12,6 25 10.9 19.7 48 8.4 9.6
3 8.6 18.0 26 4.2 19.2 49 6.3 10.9
4 2.2 12.3 27 8.7 13.6 50 1.9 19.5
5 7,9 15.7 28 1,1 18.3 51 2.9 11.7
6 8,9 18.2 29 4.5 13.6 52 4.5 12.1
7 6.4 18.9 30 6.3 8.0 53 4.9 8.2
8 4.1 19.8 31 5.0 17.0 54 1.5 18.7
9 1.9 19.9 32 7.7 19.7 55 5.6 11.1
10 1.9 9.8 33 2.1 14.6 56 7.0 14.2
11 2.1 14.4 34 7.5 10.6 57 8.0 12.9
12 6.1 13.6 35 6.7 14.4 58 10.6 13.2
13 10.5 11.4 36 10.1 8.7 59 2,8 9.5
14 2.8 8.1 37 1,1 16.4 60 5.2 17.0
15 1.8 9.2 38 3,1 20.0 61 5.4 14.6
16 1.7 16.8 39 2.9 14.9 62 7.4 10.9
17 10.1 10,9 40 9.6 17.0 63 1.4 10.6
18 6.1 12.9 41 2.7 10,9 64 3.5 17.7
19 4,6 12.0 42 7.6 8.1 65 3.2 18.1
20 9.6 15.2 43 2.0 15.5 66 10.5 12.1
21 9.6 11.7 44 4.1 13.3 67 8.2 15.8
22 3.3 13,7 45 9.4 11.7 68 6.7 15.6
23 10,1 8.0 46 4.3 10.4 69 7.6 14.2

a) Build a frequency distribution in a double-entry table such that the advertising

this in 4 intervals and sales in 5 intervals of equal widths.
b) find the correlation coefficient.
A recruitment company arranges 10 candidates for a job position according to
with the results obtained in the two tests of what the selection process consists of:
Theoretical test 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Practical test 3 4 5 1 6 2 7 10 8 9
Is there any relationship between theoretical knowledge and practical knowledge of
candidate?

3. Given the data of 28 companies that produce a certain article by a group of employees:
Observation number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Nro empleados 8 1 6 3 11 9 6 9 9 4 8 7 3 3
Number of items produced e d s o b a b e i d v e l f
Nro. De observación 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Number of employees 6 9 3 6 9 2 5 7 4 8 8 3 5 3
Number of articles completed 15 37 12 19 35 3 23 12 1 23 18 8 24 2
 a) construir una distrib. de frecuencias b) hallar la media marginales c)hallar el coeficiente
Pearson correlation
4.- A company distributes an aptitude test among all its new sales representatives. The
The direction is interested in knowing the test's capacity to predict the eventual success of these.
representatives. The attached table captures the value of average weekly sales, in hundreds of
thousands of pesetas, and the scores obtained in the aptitude test for a sample of eight
representatives.
Weekly sales 10 12 28 24 18 16 15 12
Score on the test 55 60 85 75 80 85 65 60
a) Estimate the linear regression of weekly sales on the scores in the test of
aptitude.
b) Make a sales forecast What a representative will do Who scored 70 points in
the aptitude test. Is this prediction reliable?
5.- A company is engaged in the installation of computer networks. In the last three months it has
6 installations were carried out in which the number of equipment and the number of working hours
employees for the installation have been the following:

Number of teams 4 9 12 8 30 15
Number of hours 60 100 150 110 200 160

The company wants to participate in a competition for the installation of 25 equipment for which it has
What to prepare a budget. Under the assumption that the number of hours worked is a function of
Number of installed equipment, identify the suitable model using a scatter diagram for the
calculation of the budget that the company will present taking into account the cost per hour
worked is Bs. 3,500. The company wants to obtain a profit of 20% on the total amount of
labor cost. Find the profit540.
6.- A businessman suspects that one of the main reasons for labor absenteeism is the
dissatisfaction of its employees with the work they do. To verify this, it asks 10 of its
trabajadores Qué valoren en una escala de 0 a 10 su grado de satisfacción por las tareas Qué
they perform in their job. Below are the ratings assigned by
each employee along with the number of days they have lost in the last year:

Valuation 4 6 2 1 8 6 7 2 9 4
Lost Journeys 10 3 15 12 0 4 4 8 1 9

a) Considering the available data, do you think the businessman’s suspicion is reasonable?
b) How many days do you estimate an employee would lose who values their job with a
5?