Words followed by preposition

Verbs + Prepositions

Verb Preposition Example

depend on It depends on the weather.

believe in She believes in hard work.

apologize for He apologized for the mistake.

belong to This book belongs to Sarah.

focus on Please focus on your studies.

agree with I agree with your opinion.

suffer from He suffers from asthma.

rely on You can rely on me.

object to They objected to the proposal.

deal with She deals with customer complaints.

Adjectives + Prepositions

Adjective Preposition Example

afraid of I'm afraid of spiders.

interested in She's interested in art.

good at He's good at math.

responsible for You're responsible for the report.

proud of They're proud of their achievements.

similar to This is similar to the last version.

angry about He was angry about the delay.

Adjective Preposition Example

familiar with I'm familiar with that software.

worried about She's worried about the exam.

capable of He's capable of great things.

Nouns + Prepositions

Noun Preposition Example

reason for What's the reason for your absence?

interest in He has a keen interest in history.

solution to We need a solution to this problem.

access to They have access to the database.

effect on The news had a big effect on her.

influence on His words had a strong influence on me.

demand for There's high demand for electric cars.

answer to I know the answer to that question.

attitude towards Her attitude towards work is positive.

connection with He has a strong connection with nature.

Would you like a printable version of this list or a quiz to test your knowledge?

Absolutely! Here's a comprehensive set of detailed notes to help you prepare for grammar
and sentence structure tests like the one you shared. These notes cover the key grammar
concepts, rules, and examples relevant to each question type.

Section 1: Sentence Completion (Questions 1–10)

These questions test your understanding of grammar, verb forms, sentence structure, and
word choice.

1. Time and Sequence Words

Words like after, before, until, by show the order of actions.

• After: used when one action follows another.

Example: After finishing dinner, she went for a walk.

• Before: used when one action happens earlier.

Example: Before leaving, he packed his bag.

• Until: shows the end point of an action.

Example: He waited until she arrived.

• By: shows a deadline or method.

Example: By noon, we were ready.

Tip: Pay attention to the verb tense and logic of the sentence.

2. Verb Forms After Modals

Modals like will, can, should, might are always followed by the base form of the verb.

• Correct: People will travel to Mars.

• Incorrect: People will travels/traveling/traveled to Mars.

Tip: Always use the base form after modals.

3. Simple Present for Facts

Use the simple present tense to describe general truths or scientific facts.

• Correct: Water freezes at 0°C.

• Incorrect: Water freeze/freezing/having frozen at 0°C.

Tip: Look for keywords like “always,” “never,” or factual statements.

4. Question Formation

Use auxiliary verbs to form questions in different tenses.

• Did (past): Did you go to the party?

 • Have (present perfect): Have you seen the movie?

• Does (present): Does she like tea?

• Are (present continuous): Are you coming?

Tip: Match the auxiliary verb to the tense and subject.

5. Gerunds and Noun Phrases

Use noun phrases or gerunds to complete sentences about actions or qualities.

• Correct: …for his dedication to marine science.

• Also correct: …for being dedicated to marine science.

Tip: Choose the form that fits the sentence’s tone and structure.

6. Future Questions

Use will to ask about future events.

• Correct: When will we get to the hotel?

• Incorrect: When have/did/are we get to the hotel?

Tip: Use “will” for future questions unless another tense is clearly needed.

7. Gerund Phrases for Actions

Use “for having + past participle” to describe someone’s achievement.

• Correct: Galileo is famous for having discovered…

• Incorrect: …for discovery / his discovery / in discovering

Tip: Use “for having + verb” to show completed actions.

8. Simple Present for Habits

Use simple present to describe regular actions or habits.

• Correct: They communicate differently.

• Incorrect: communicated / have communicated / communicates

Tip: Use simple present for general behavior.

9. Conditional Sentences

Use when, though, before, so to show relationships between ideas.

• Correct: When you speak more than one language…

• Incorrect: So / Before / Though

Tip: “When” introduces a condition or time.

10. Simple Present for Scientific Facts

Use simple present for universal truths.

• Correct: Light travels faster than sound.

• Incorrect: traveling / having traveled / will travel

Tip: Use “travels” for general truths.

Section 2: Sentence Combination (Questions 11–15)

These questions test your ability to combine ideas clearly and grammatically.

11. Combining Subjects

Use “Both A and B” for two subjects doing the same action.

• Correct: Both Lisa and Kelly play the piano.

• Incorrect: Lisa and Kelly plays…

Tip: Make sure the verb agrees with a plural subject.

12. Combining Actions and Locations

Use clear phrasing to show where the action happened.

• Correct: Kazuko took her dog for a walk to the park.

• Avoid awkward phrasing like: Kazuko, going to the park…

Tip: Keep the sentence direct and logical.

 13. Cause and Effect

Use “because” to show reason.

• Correct: We brought blankets because we knew it might get chilly.

• Avoid confusing order: Bringing blankets, we knew…

Tip: Use “because” to explain why something happened.

14. Combining Likes and Interests

Use “Both A and B enjoy…” for shared interests.

• Correct: Both Juan and Miguel enjoy playing baseball.

• Incorrect: Juan and Miguel enjoys…

Tip: Use plural verb with two subjects.

15. Cause and Result

Use “Because” to explain why something happens.

• Correct: Because they travel in packs, wolves are rarely spotted alone.

• Avoid confusing order: After traveling in packs…

Tip: Use “because” for clear cause-effect relationships.

Of course! This is a great grammar question. The difference between gerunds and
infinitives often confuses English learners because both can act as nouns. Let's break it
down simply.

### The Core Idea

A Gerund is a verb that ends in -ing and acts as a noun.

An Infinitive is the "to" form of a verb (e.g., to be, to run, to think). It can also act as a noun.
Because they both act as nouns, they can both be the subject or object of a sentence. The
tricky part is knowing when to use which one.

---

### 1. Gerunds (the -ing form)

A gerund looks like a verb with "-ing" but functions as a thing or an activity.

Uses:

A. As the Subject of a Sentence:

> Swimming is good exercise.

> Reading helps you learn new things.

Here, "swimming" and "reading" are the main subjects of the sentence.

B. As the Object of a Sentence (after certain verbs):

Some verbs are naturally followed by a gerund.

> I enjoy watching movies.

> She avoids eating sugar.

> He considered moving to a new city.

C. After a Preposition:

This is a very important rule. If a verb comes after a preposition (e.g., in, on, at, of, about,
with, without, for), it must be in the gerund form.

> She is good at painting. (preposition: at)

> He left without saying goodbye. (preposition: without)

> I'm tired of working late. (preposition: of)

D. Common verbs that are often followed by a gerund:

Enjoy: I enjoy cooking.

Avoid: Avoid making noise.

Consider: Consider taking a break.

Suggest: She suggested going out.

Finish: Have you finished writing?

Mind: Would you mind opening the window?

Practice: He practices playing the piano.

---

### 2. Infinitives (the to + verb form)

The infinitive is the base form of the verb, usually with "to" in front of it.

Uses:

A. To Express Purpose or Reason (why you do something):

> She saves money to buy a car. (Why does she save? To buy a car.)

> He studies hard to get good grades.

B. After Certain Adjectives:

> It's difficult to understand.

> I was surprised to see him.

> She is ready to go.

C. After Certain Verbs:

Some verbs are naturally followed by an infinitive.

> He wants to learn French.

> They decided to leave early.

> She promised to help.

D. Common verbs that are often followed by an infinitive:

Want: I want to leave.

Decide: He decided to quit his job.

Hope: We hope to see you soon.

Plan: They plan to travel.

Promise: She promised to call.

Need: You need to rest.

Learn: He learned to code.

---

### The Tricky Part: Verbs That Can Take Both

Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive, but the meaning changes
significantly.

Here are the most common and important ones:

1. Remember & Forget

Remember/Gerund: You recall a memory from the past.

 > I remember going to the beach as a child. (I have a memory of going to the beach.)

Remember/Infinitive: You remember to perform a future task.

> Please remember to buy milk. (Don't forget this task.)

Forget/Gerund: You forget a past memory (less common).

> I'll never forget seeing the ocean for the first time.

Forget/Infinitive: You fail to do something.

> I forgot to lock the door. (I failed to lock it.)

2. Stop

Stop/Gerund: You cease an activity.

> He stopped smoking. (He quit smoking.)

Stop/Infinitive: You interrupt one action to do another.

> He stopped to smoke. (He stopped walking, for example, in order to have a cigarette.)

3. Try

Try/Gerund: You experiment with something to see if it works.

> The computer is frozen. Try restarting it. (This is the solution to try.)

Try/Infinitive: You make an effort to do something difficult.

> I tried to lift the box, but it was too heavy. (I made an effort but failed.)

4. Like, Love, Hate, Prefer

The difference here is often small and relates to general vs. specific situations.

Gerund: For general preferences.

> I like swimming. (In general, I enjoy this activity.)

Infinitive: For specific preferences or situations (more common in American English).

> I like to swim in the morning. (This is my specific preference/routine.)

---

### Quick Summary & Cheat Sheet

| Feature | Gerund (-ing) | Infinitive (to + verb) |

| :--- | :--- | :--- |

| Main Function | Acts as a noun (an activity) | Acts as a noun (often a goal or purpose) |

| As Subject | Running is fun. | To run a marathon is my dream. |

| After a Verb | I enjoy cooking. | I want to cook. |

| After Preposition| I'm thinking about going. | (Never use an infinitive here) |

| After Adjective | (Not common) | It's nice to see you. |

| To Show Purpose | (Not used for purpose) | I study to learn. |

The best way to learn is through practice and exposure. Pay attention to which form is used
after which verbs, and soon it will start to feel natural