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Computer System Components Overview

The document provides an overview of computer systems, defining hardware as physical components and software as instructions governing computer functions. It outlines the five basic components of a computer: input unit, output unit, central processing unit (CPU), primary memory, and secondary memory, and describes the IPO (Input-Process-Output) organization of computers. Additionally, it details common input devices such as keyboards, mice, and microphones.

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19 views2 pages

Computer System Components Overview

The document provides an overview of computer systems, defining hardware as physical components and software as instructions governing computer functions. It outlines the five basic components of a computer: input unit, output unit, central processing unit (CPU), primary memory, and secondary memory, and describes the IPO (Input-Process-Output) organization of computers. Additionally, it details common input devices such as keyboards, mice, and microphones.

Uploaded by

sathyasai728571
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

COMPUTER SYSTEM OVERVIEW:

INTRODUCTION:
Hardware: the physical components of a computer is called as hardware
Eg: MOUSE, KEYBOARD, MONITOR, ETC.

Software: these are the recorded instructions and programs which govern
the functioning of the computer.

Eg: OS, IOS, APPLICATIONS, ETC.

COMPUTER COMPONENTS AND BASIC COMPUTER


ORGANIZATION:
The computer system consists of 5 basic components:

 Input unit: its responsible for taking the input through its input
taking components. For Eg: keyboard, mouse, touchpad, etc.
 Output unit: it’s responsible to produce info as output for the
computer.
the output devices attached to the comp system make the output
unit.
 Central processing unit: it’s responsible to process the data and
instructions.
it comprises of two part:
i) Arithmetic and logic unit: it is responsible to carry out the
arithmetic and logic operations.
ii) Control unit: its responsible for controlling and supervising the
computer.
 Primary memory: it’s the internal volatile memory where the data
and instructions are stored during processing.
 Secondary memory: it refers to the external storage devices
which provide permanent memory to the computer.

INPUT> PM (CPU (CU and ALU))> SM.

COMPUTER ORGANISATION:
Computers follow the IPO system (INPUT -> PROCESS -> OUTPUT). So, the
computer organisation is also like this - these are components dedicated
to obtain input in different forms, components dedicated to perform
processing part and components to produce output in different forms.

INPUT UNIT:
The input unit is formed by the input devices attached to the computer.
Some common important devices are:

1. Keyboard: it’s a typewriter like device which is used to type in the


letters, and digits and commands. For visually challenged people
braille keyboards are also available these days.
2. Mouse: mouse is pointing device with either a roller on its base or
some laser mechanism. Mouse controls movements of pointer (also
called mouse pointer) on screen.
3. Microphone: mic is a sound receiver which receive sound and
changed it into computer’s format, which is called digitized sound or
digital audio.

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