CHHATRAPATI SHAHUJI MAHARAJ UNIVERSITY, KANPUR
[Link] 2024-25
HUMAN RIGHTS
Submitted to:
Submitted by:
Dr. [Link] Hema Rawat
Assistance Professor [Link]
Department of Advanced 2nd SEMESTER
Educational Research & 2024-25
Teaching of Educational
Foundation
Human rights are fundamental freedoms and protections
inherent to all individuals, regardless of nationality, race,
gender, or religion.
They ensure dignity, equality, and respect for every person.
➢ Universality: Applicable to
all people everywhere.
➢ Inalienability: Cannot be Core
taken away.
➢ Indivisibility: All rights are Principles
equally important.
of Human
➢ Interdependence:
Realization of one right
often depends on others.
Rights
➢ Non-Discrimination:
Rights apply without
distinction of any kind.
Human Rights:
INDIA
We The People…………
➢ The Preamble to the Constitution of India serves
as a foundational statement, encapsulating the
core values and objectives that guide the nation.
➢ It reflects India's commitment to human rights
through its emphasis on justice, liberty, equality,
and fraternity.
Constitutional Provisions:
• Right to Equality (Article 14)
• Right to Freedom (Article 19)
• Right against Exploitation (Article 23)
• Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)
Institutions:
• National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
• State Human Rights Commissions
Categories of Human Rights
• Civil and Political Rights:
– Right to life and liberty
– Freedom of speech and
religion
– Right to a fair trial
• Economic, Social,
and Cultural Rights:
– Right to education
– Right to work and fair
wages
– Right to health and
adequate living standards
International Human Rights Instruments
• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(UDHR) is a landmark document adopted by the
United Nations General Assembly on 10 December
1948.
• It outlines 30 fundamental rights and freedoms to
which all individuals are entitled, regardless of
nationality, race, religion, or any other status.
Highlights of the UDHR
❖Universality: Applies to all people, everywhere,
without exception.
❖Inalienability: Rights cannot be taken away or
given up.
❖Indivisibility: All rights are equally important and
interdependent.
❖Non-Discrimination: Rights are to be upheld
without discrimination of any kind.
The UDHR encompasses a wide range of rights,
including:
• Civil and Political Rights:
– Right to life, liberty, and personal security.
– Freedom from slavery and torture.
– Right to a fair trial and presumption of innocence.
– Freedom of thought, conscience, religion, opinion, and
expression.
– Right to peaceful assembly and association.
– Right to participate in government and free elections.
• Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights:
– Right to work, fair wages, and to join trade unions.
– Right to rest and leisure.
– Right to an adequate standard of living, including food,
clothing, housing, and medical care.
– Right to education.
India's Contribution
• India played a pivotal role in shaping the UDHR.
Notably, Indian diplomat Hansa Mehta advocated
for gender-neutral language, leading to the
adoption of the phrase "all human beings are
born free and equal" instead of "all men."
International
Human Rights
Day
10
DECEMBER
Contemporary Human Rights Challenges
Global Issues:
– Arbitrary detentions and suppression
of dissent
– Discrimination against LGBTQ+
communities
– Restrictions on freedom of assembly
and expression
India-Specific Concerns:
– Access to food and nutrition
– Digital divide affecting access to
rights and services
Protecting and Promoting Human
Rights
Roles and Responsibilities:
– Governments: Enact and enforce laws
– Judiciary: Uphold rights through legal interpretations
– Civil Society: Advocate and raise awareness
– Individuals: Respect and exercise rights responsibly
• Mechanisms:
– Legal frameworks and institutions
– Education and awareness campaigns
– International monitoring bodies
Conclusion
• Essence: Human
rights are the
cornerstone of a
just and equitable
society.
• Call to Action:
Continuous
vigilance,
education, and
advocacy are
essential to protect
these rights for all.
References
• [Link]
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• [Link]
human-rights
• [Link]
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• [Link]