INTRODUCTION

The tire loaders, also called wheel loaders, are one of the most equipment
used in construction today. Known for their extreme versatility and load-bearing capacity, these
machines perform multiple tasks at a low cost. Front loaders are primarily used
in construction applications such as material handling, excavation, loading and transportation, construction
of roads, and preparation of sites. The most well-known manufacturers of front loaders by range
Caterpillar, Deere, Komatsu, and Volvo. Among other prominent manufacturers are Case, Kawasaki, New
Holland, Hyundai, JCB, and Shaeff.
 HISTORY OF THE FRONT LOADER

FRONT LOADER PROTOTYPES

In the 1920s, small tractors for agriculture were equipped with a bucket for the
handling of lightweight materials. This device was the first prototype of the modern front loader that
we have today. The first versions of the front loader were nothing more than a simple loader with
lifting arms mounted to a farm tractor. The bucket was attached to the tractor using
wires with a winch operated by
Clutches, then being released by gravity with a 'trip release' mechanism. In the
In the 1930s, a number of manufacturers began creating small front loaders securing the buckets.
a lostractors. In Manchester, England, E. Boydell & Co. was one of the first manufacturers
documented of the bucket-mounted tractor, with the creation of the Muir-Hill loader, a Fordson tractor of
28 horsepower with a 0.5 cubic yards (0.4m3) bucket implemented and cable controlled.
LOADERS ON RIGID FRAME TIRES
In 1939, Frank G. Hough, an engineer from Chicago, built the first self-loading loader.
simple traction and with rubber tires, called Hough model HS. This machine had a bucket with a
capacity of 1/3 cubic yard (0.23 m3). The bucket was released by gravity using a mechanism
of security. Other manufacturers began to produce chargers integrating double extraction. Although
these machines were integrated, their rigid struts limited the possibilities for maneuvering
resulting in the need to turn in large circles, being unable to operate in small places.
Several of the early loader models had rigid frames. For example, the first three.
Prototypes developed by Caterpillar had rigid scaffolds. Other manufacturers such as Euclid/Terex
they entered the front loader market in 1957, relatively later, but also with a
loader for rigid bastidors known as L-7.

LOADERS ON ARTICULATED TIRES

Perhaps one of the most significant moments in the evolution of front loaders was the
Introduction of the articulated mixer. In 1953, in Portland, Oregon, Mixermobile Manufacturers started
technology with the launch of the Scoopmobile Model LD-5; a four-wheel front loader
implementing an articulated loader. The company started in the market for front loaders in
1939, with a model A loader of 3/4 cubic yards (0.6). It had a single rear wheel that drove and
a front wheel on two large tires.

In 1944, the company introduced the Model C front loader, which had a long production that lasted until
1966. This high-reach model features a special arrangement in which the bucket was pulled upward by
the vertical lift caterpillar up to a height of 24 feet (7.3 m), making it possible for the user to load large
containers and silos.

When the company ventured into the Scoopmobile Model LD-5 in 1953, the industry was slow to embrace it.
idea of an articulated front loader. However, the advent of articulated loaders allowed
major maneuver reducing tempo cycles. Eventually the concept was embraced by more
manufacturers. In the mid-1960s, a number of leading American manufacturing companies
equipment such as Caterpillar, International Hough, Allis-Chalmers, and Trojan began to introduce into their lines
articulated models. Nowadays, front loader models with articulated frames are the standard.
from the industry and even the most compact chargers are built this way.
 SAFETY MEASURES IN OPERATIONS WITH LOADING EQUIPMENT
FRONTAL

We all have the possibility of suffering awork accident in the daily routine of our days, not
However, being cautious and taking security measures will help us reduce the likelihood of suffering.
some. What measures should be taken into account if you work with heavy machinery?

In this regard, companies have the obligation to take into account and promote among their workers the
the need to follow safety regulations to safeguard your health. And even more so, when the organization
uses heavy machinery in its processes.

The collaborators responsible for operating heavy machinery, as well as the rest of the workers who
They carry out their activities in the vicinity of these teams and must be trained to use this equipment.
of machines and to know and comply with some basic safety rules.

Below we mention some safety rules for the protection of health.

workers who use or are near heavy machinery:

1. Use appropriate safety equipment. Adjust the seatbelt and the seat.
2. Use gloves and safety goggles to work on the battery.
3. Carry out the preliminary inspection of the machine. In maintenance and repair work, park the
machine on solid ground, place all levers in neutral position and stop the engine by removing the
ignition key.
4. When the machine is not in use, it should remain off. The brakes should not be released.
machine in a stopped position if wheel immobilization blocks have not been installed beforehand.
5. Park the machine on a level surface. On sloped ground, work must be done.
face to the slope.
The worker must be notified in writing of the risks during the operation of machinery.
7. Have a wide field of vision. Continuously look in the direction of movement to avoid
runovers during reverse driving.
8. If you work near heavy machinery, you must know its location and which direction it is heading.
 [Link] out of the equipment's blind spots. Make eye contact with the equipment operator.
heavy before approaching the machine.
10. Know where the other workers are located and keep them away from the path of the
heavy machinery in motion.
Take into account these basic safety rules to reduce the chances of having an accident.
labor
 MAINTENANCE OF FRONT LOADERS

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MAINTENANCE OF A FRONT LOADER

A front loader is heavy machinery used in industries such as construction, mining and
forestry, where large volumes of materials need to be moved.
Front loaders have become essential equipment due to the large number of functions they can perform.
to develop, from truck loading to land leveling. However, like any
heavy machinery, front loaders require proper daily maintenance to keep their
performance and prolong its useful life.

Next, some recommendations for the daily maintenance of the front loader. It is suggested to have
with a checklist of actions to verify during daily maintenance.

Preliminary visual inspection. Before using the front loader, it is important to conduct a daily inspection of the
equipment to detect any visible problem or defect that may affect its performance and safety
of the operator and their environment. In this sense, it is necessary to check the tires, the condition of the lights,

brakes, horn, seat belt, condition of the chassis and the bucket, among other components.
Hydraulic system review. Before using the equipment, it is important to check that the oil tank
The hydraulic system is full and leak-free. Fill the tank if necessary.
Lubrication of the moving components and axles. The moving components of a front loader, such as
hinges and pistons must be regularly lubricated to avoid friction, premature wear and
sediment generation due to oil deterioration. It is suggested to use an appropriate lubricant and follow the
manufacturer's instructions for applying it correctly.
Review and change filters and fluids. The filters and fluids of the front loader must be regularly checked and
change according to the manufacturer's recommendations. This includes the engine oil, the fluid of the
transmission, the coolant and the fuel. A dirty or contaminated fluid can affect performance
from the front loader and cause costly damage that will result in repairs and possible outages
anticipate. The air filters should also be checked regularly and changed if they are dirty or damaged. It is
It is important to drain the coolant tank, clean it, and refill it with water.
Tire check. The pressure and possible wear of the tires is crucial for performance.
the safety of the front loader. The pressure assumes that the tires are inflated
correctly at the precise point, as inadequate pressure can affect the stability of the equipment.
Cleaning of the front loader. Regular cleaning of the equipment will help prevent the buildup of dirt.
dust and other debris that can affect performance and cause damage to the components and parts of the
front loader. Pressurized water can be used to clean the equipment, avoiding the use of products
abrasive chemicals that can damage the paint or components.
Preventive maintenance scheduling. In addition to the daily maintenance tasks, it is
It is important to schedule and know the deadlines for the preventive maintenance of the front loader.
according to the recommendations provided by the manufacturer in their manual. This may include the review of
critical components, the replacement of worn parts and the performance testing. The
Preventive maintenance helps to avoid costly downtime and unscheduled repairs.

All these maintenance actions can be performed daily by the equipment operator, which
it will allow the front loader to be kept in good condition and its useful life to be longer.
MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS WITH THE FRONT LOADER