Direct and Inverse Proportionality Guide
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ScribdTranslationsDirect and Inverse Proportionality Guide
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ScribdTranslationsTema:Proporcionalidad Directa e Inversa
Objectives:
It is expected that the student will achieve:
Introduce the concept of proportion.
Introduce the concept of directly proportional magnitudes and find a
procedure to solve problems with this type of magnitudes.
Introduce the concept of inversely proportional quantities and find a
procedure to solve problems with this type of magnitudes.
Being able to find similarities in varied problems that allow us to use the
previous procedures.
Participate actively in class.
Auxiliary resources:
From the Students: The use of calculator and folder.
The use by the practitioner: Lesson plan, chalk, blackboard.
Motivation:
Mariana prepares artisanal chocolates. She is considering different possibilities for packaging them.
weekend production.
a) If 14 units of chocolate are placed in 2 boxes, how many units will there be in 25 boxes?
b) Complete the following table:
Amount of Amount of
boxes chocolates
1 7
2
21
4
25
Development:
THEORY TO BE USED:
Proportionality: it is a relationship between measurable magnitudes.
Ratio between two numbers: whenever we talk about the ratio between two numbers, we will be
referring to the quotient (the result of dividing them) between them. Then:
ó ú
Numerical proportion: now, when we are presented with two ratios to be compared to each other, to
to see how they behave with each other, we will be talking about a numerical proportion. So:
The numbers a, b, c, and d form a proportion; the ratio between a and b is the same as between c and d.
:=
1
=ó :ℎ é ; , .
:= ⇒ . = .
Magnitude 1 Magnitude 2
a b .
. = . ⇒ =
c x
Direct proportionality.
Two magnitudes are directly proportional when the division between them is always a constant.
same value k (constant). This constant is called the constant or ratio of proportionality
direct.
Taking the problem from the beginning, it will be explained:
Amount of Amount of
7 14 21 28 175
boxes chocolates = = = = = = y = 7. x
X y 1 2 3 4 25
1 7
2 14
3 21
4 28
25 175
y
35 The graphical representation of directly proportional quantities
results in a set of points aligned on a line
28
what happens at the origin of coordinates.
21
14
1 2 3 4 5 x
Number of boxes
Complete the proportionality tables. Graph.
Liters of paint 4 8 20 1
Square meters to be painted 40 15 1
Time it takes to empty the pool 5 10 4
(in hours)
Number of bombs needed. 4 5
2
Inverse proportionality:
Two magnitudes are inversely proportional when the multiplication between them is always
a same value k (constant). This constant value is called the constant of proportionality
inversa.
From the previous example it will be explained:
To drain a swimming pool, several pumps are used that discharge the same amount of water.
Time to empty Amount of
40
the pool (in hours) necessary bombs. . = ⇒ =
x y
5 8 40
10 4 k = 5 . 8 = 10 . 4 = 8 . 5 = 1 . 40 ⇒ y =
8 5
4 10
10 The graphic representation of inversely related quantities
proportional results in a curve called
equilateral hyperbola.
8
4 5 8 10 x
Problem 3: Three painters take 10 days to paint a wall. How long will it take six painters to do the same?
do the same work?
Through the statement we create a table of values:
Amount of Days
painters
3 10
2.5
24
3
Closure:
Place D or I according to whether the magnitudes are directly or inversely proportional.
a) The AMOUNT of water that a faucet releases and the time it is open.
b) The LENGTH of a side of a square and the MEASUREMENT of its perimeter.
c) The TIME of an airplane trip and its SPEED.
d) The NUMBER of people who rent an apartment and what each one PAYS.
e) The DURATION of a cell phone call and the AMOUNT to be paid.
f) The DIAMETER of a pipe and the AMOUNT of water it drains.
Task:
Based on what was seen in class, create a video in groups where problems are solved.
the daily life in which they must use direct proportionality or inverse proportionality.
The way to create the video is free, that is to say at your discretion, respecting the following
conditions:
The video must be represented by at least one member from each group.
The mathematical development of the problem to be solved must appear in the video.
Note: You can consult as help page[Link]
Direct and inverse [Link]
Additional exercises:
Solve:
1) Place a cross on the graphs that correspond to a proportionality function.
direct. For the graphs where you placed a cross, write the constant of
proportionality and the formula of the function.
y
6
y y y
2 2 3
0 1 x 0 -2 0 x 0 2 x
2 x
2) Take your classmate's pulse for 15 seconds and note the number of beats.
Then take the pulse for 20 seconds, 40 seconds, and 60 seconds and record the results in a table like the one
next.
TIME (SEC) 15 20 40 60
PULSES
Represent the table above. Is the number of beats directly proportional to time?
4
Bibliography:
Matemática [Link]. Puerto de Palos. Primera edición 2011.
Matemática 3. Kapeluz. Primera edición 2011.
[Link]