SCHEME OF WORK

CLASS JSS 2

SUBJECT COMPUTER STUDIES

SESSION 2025/2026

TERM FIRST

WEEKS TOPICS CONTENT

1 Revision

2 - Meaning of Computer Ethics

Computer Ethics and Safety
- Responsible Use of Computer
Measures
- Abuse and Misuse of Computer

3 Safety Measures - Examples of Safety Measures

4 - Meaning

Computer Software - Examples

- Types

5 - Definition
Computer Software (System
- Types
Software)
6 Computer Software - Definition
(Application Software) - Types

7 STINT TEST

8 - Definition
Operating System
- Examples

9 Operating System - Types

10 Operating System - Functions

11 Revision

12 Examination

SUBJECT: COMPUTER STUDIES CLASS: JSS 2

WEEK 2

TOPIC: COMPUTER ETHICS

CONTENTS
1. Meaning of Computer Ethics
2. Responsible use of the computer
3. Areas of misuse of computers

INTRODUCTION
The rate of advancement in technology has continued to have greater impact and influence in
every area of human endeavour which poses a great threat to security of information, intellectual
Property right, privacy concerns, artificial intelligence, human communication, and the society,
creating a drastic fall in ethical standards which is a bone of contention. Hence, the need to
address these using ethical standards cannot be over-emphasized.
SUB-TOPIC 1: MEANING OF COMPUTER ETHICS

Computer Ethics: This refers to the set of moral principles that governs and regulate the
behaviours of a group or individual on the acceptable use of computer.

Responsible Use of Computers

This refers to the proper etiquettes and attitudinal posture to display while handling or using a
computer system to ensure maximum performance, confidentiality and respect for other people’s
right. Hence, the following under listed rules must be adhered to and maintained;

1. Avoid dropping food or liquids on the system.

2. Avoid accessing restricted files on another person’s system

3. Refrain from displaying or using offensive pictures as desktop background.
4. Avoid cramming and typing of other people’s password and username instead look away.
5. Cover the computer and all peripherals with dust covers when not in use.
6. The system should be protected from power surges by using either a voltage stabilizer or
a surge protector.
7. In places where power outages are common, the system should be connected to an
uninterruptible power supply unit (UPS) to protect the system from shutting down
abruptly and avoid damage to the computer’s memory.
8. The system should be unplugged from the power source when it is not going to be used
for a long time.
Responsible use of the Internet
1. Check your e-mail regularly.
2. Answer mail promptly and politely
3. The subject of e-mails should be short, meaningful and truthful.
4. Write or type thoughtfully because the internet is a public medium and content of any e-
mail may end up in unexpected places.
5. Check your spellings against errors of omission and commission.
6. Avoid visiting website with polluted content; a lot of innocent looking sites contain
pornographic and other offensive materials.
7. Do not open file attachments from unknown sources, they can contain Viruses.
8. Take caution in giving your personal information or details to anyone you meet on the
internet.
9. Avoid typing or replying a mail quickly on the internet when you are angry because it
could trigger what is called “FLAME”.
10. Avoid typing a mail using capital letters because is equivalent to SHOUTING!

EVALUATION

i. Define the term Computer ethics

ii. Itemize 5 responsible use of computer
iii. State 5 abuse or misuse of internet
SUB TOPIC: MISUSE OF COMPUTER AND INTERNET

CONTENTS
1. Misuse of computer and the internet

INTRODUCTION

The needs to protect and keep data or information save from loss, damage or mis-use it’s of
utmost importance. Here are some several ways in which people misuse computers and the
internet, namely:

SUB-TOPIC 2: MISUSE/ABUSE OF COMPUTER AND THE INTERNET

1. INVASION OF PRIVACY/HACKING: This is an illegal access gained by an

unauthorized person or someone into confidential files, documents and computer
programs without permission. Such unauthorized access is known as hacking. Hackers
can also access computers to collect private information about individuals or delete
important information.

2. COMPUTER VIRUS: These are programs deliberately written to damage data by

copying or replicating itself. People can introduce a virus into a computer system or
network via fictitious e-mails, infected diskettes e.t.c without one’s knowledge.
3. FRAUD: False data and information are sent through e-mails and mailings lists to
fraudulently collect money and other items from unsuspecting victims.

4. PORNOGRAPHY: This is the explicit representation of human body or sexual activity

on the internet by unscrupulous people to promote and distribute pornographic materials.
5. PIRACY: Many people use CD or DVD writers in computers to make illegal copies of
software and other materials such as software, music, films, etc.

6. PLAGIARISM: This is the act of copying another person’s intellectual work such as a
book, music, etc and presenting it as one’s own without giving credit to the real owner of
the idea. This has been made easy by computers and access to the internet.
 7. SPAM or JUNKS: This involves sending of unwanted provocative messages containing
disturbing images and messages to people’s mail which they do not request for. A spam
filter could be installed to minimize such occurrence.

8. CYBER WAR: This is a form of war that happens on computers and the internet done
purposely using cyber war drills and games to prepare for genuine attack from their
enemies.

EVALUATION:

1. Mention and explain 5 ways to use computers and the internet responsibly.
 2. Mention and explain 5 ways in which computers and the internet can be misused.

READING ASSIGNMENT: Students are to read more on Computer Ethics from their textbook

WEEK 3

TOPIC: SAFETY MEASURES

CONTENT:

 Meaning of Safety
 Safety measure tips

SUB-TOPIC 1: SAFETY MEASURES

INTRODUCTION

Accident is an undesirable, unwanted and unpleasant occurrence that happens to man

unexpectedly causing injury the person, damage to equipment and environment. It is such a
common phenomenon and inevitable in a working environment, hence, there is need to
proactively ensure and observe simple safety measures or rules.

Definition of Safety

Safety is a proactive step or measure taken to prevent an unforeseen, unpleasant and undesirable
occurrence.

SAFETY MEASURES

When using computers, safety measures must be taken to protect both the computer system and
the People that are using it, by doing this; the computer’s life span can be prolonged. It can also
be referred to as the control of recognized hazards.

The following points summaries the safety measures every computer user is expected to take in
the Process of using the computer systems:

1. Good sitting habit must be exercised.

2. Using antiglare protection should be recommended.

3. Monitor base must be positioned correctly.

4. Dust free environment must be maintained.

5. Keep liquid away from the computer. Students are not expected to eat or drink beside the
computer.

6. A computer room must be adequately illuminated.

7. A computer laboratory or where computer is placed should be well ventilated. This can
be done by using air conditioner to keep the surrounding cool.

EVALUATION

1. What is safety?
2. List 5 safety measure tips.

WEEK 4
TOPIC: COMPUTER SOFTWARE
CONTENT
(i) Definition of Software
(ii) Types of Software
(iii) Examples of Software

Subtopic 1: Definition of Software

Software, also called a program, is a series of instructions that tells the computer what to do and
how to do it. In other words, it is a collection of computer programs, procedures and
documentation that perform different tasks on a computer system. The software is a program
written by a programmer or software developer. Software is the intangible part of the computer
system though they come in CD’s according to today’s standard. Without the software installed
in the computer, the computer is just a junk of hardware components. Therefore, software is as
important to the computer system as human soul is important to human body.

Installation: This is the process of transferring the set of instruction that makes up
software into the computer so as to make the computer perform certain task.

TYPES OF SOFTWARE

1. System Software
2. Application Software

System Software: This consists of the program that control or maintain the operations of the
computer and its devices. It serves as the interface between the user, the application software and
the computer’s hardware. They are programs that enhance the performance operations of
computer.

TYPES OF SYSTEM SOFTWARE

1. Operating System
2. Language Translators

3. Utilities

4. Device Driver

EVALUATION:

1. Define the term Software.

2. Who develops software?
3. Mention two (2) types of software.

READING ASIGNMENT

Students are to study and briefly explain the meaning of Application Software.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. MS-DOS is an acronym which stands for

(a) Microsoft DOS Opening Software (b) Microsoft Disk Opening System (c) Microsoft Disk
Operating Service (d) Microsoft Disk Operating System

2. A system software include _____

(a) DBASE (b) RAM (c) Word processing (d) UNIX

3. What is installation?
4. System software can be divided into how many parts?
(a) 6 (b) 8 (c) 4 (d) 1
5. _______ is collection of program available in the computer system or set of instructions
guiding the operation of the computer
(a) Software (b) Firmware (c) People ware (d) Hardware
WEEK 5
TOPIC: COMPUTER SOFTWARE
CONTENT
i. Types of System Software explained

Subtopic 1:
Types of System Software
1. Operating system: This is a set of program that coordinates all the activities among
computer hardware devices. It also contains instructions that allow users to run
application software. When a user starts a computer, portions of the operating system
(OS) load into memory from the computer’s hard disk. It remains in memory while the
computer is on. The operating system provides a means for users to communicate with
other software.
 Examples of Operating System

i. Microsoft Disk Operating System(MS-DOS)

ii. Windows OS
iii. Linux
iv. Unix
v. Xenix
vi. Ubuntu
vii. Novell Netware
viii. MAC OS
ix. Symbian OS
x. Palm OS
xi. JAVA etc.

2. Language Translator:The computer is like human beings that understands language and
can also interact with the user. But the only language the computer understands is called
machine language. This machine language is made up of only 0’s and 1’s. Humans do not
use this kind of language but rather English language. When a computer program is
written in English language form, it is said to be a High Level Language. Because
humans must instruct the computer machine on how to carry out specific task, there is
 need for them to write programs that will instruct the computer machine. But humans
cannot use machine language because it is very difficult to write a program in that
language. Therefore, the language translator now helps to translate the program written in
English language (high Level Language) into Machine Language (0’s and 1’s) for the
computer to understand and then perform the task.A program written in high-level
language is called source code while the program format it is translated into is called
object code (machine code). To convert the source code into object code (machine
language which is made up of 0’s and 1’s), Language translators are needed.

EXAMPLES OF TRANSLATOR

i. Compiler: Compiler is a language translator which is used to convert programs

written in High-Level Language all at once to low-level language. It translates the entire
program and also reports the errors in source program encountered during the translation.

ii. Interpreter: Interpreter is a language translator which is used to convert programs in

high-level language to low-level language. Interpreter translates the program line by line
and reports the error once it encountered during the translation process.

iii. Assemblers: Assembler is a language translator which is used to translate a program

written in Assembly language to machine language code.
 3. Utility: this is a kind of system software designed to help analyze, configure,
optimize and maintain the computer. A single piece of utility software is usually called
a utility or tool. They are used for general house-keeping functions of the computer such
as repairing the computer, copying, sorting files etc.

EXAMPLES OF UTILITY

i. Norton utilities
ii. Antivirus,
iii. Scandisk
iv. Windows explorer, etc

4. Device Driver: A device driver is a computer program that operates or controls a

particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver provides a software
 interface to hardware devices, enabling operating systems and other computer programs
to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details of the hardware
being used.
A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or
communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program
invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues command to the device. Once the device
sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling
program. Drivers are hardware dependent and operating-system-specific.

EVALUATION

1. What is system software?

2. List four types of system software.
3. Mention four examples of operating system
 Week 6

Application Software: Application software consists of software that performs specific tasks
for users.

CLASSIFICATION OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE

1. General purpose (User application program):

2. Specific purpose (Application Packages): This is a software package that is created
for a specific purpose or industry

TYPES OF GENERAL-PURPOSE APPLICATION SOFTWARE

i. Word processing software

ii. Spreadsheet software
iii. Database management software
iv. Presentation software
v. Graphic software
vi. Communication software
vii. Multimedia software

The tree below summarizes the classes of software

Software

System Software Application Software

Operating system Users Programs Application Package

Utilities
Device Driver
Translator
i.e.

Computer Interpreter Assembler MS Word

Ms Excel

MS Access

EVALUATION:
 1. Distinguish between system software and application software
2. List five application packages you know

READING ASSIGNMENT:

Students are to study on system and application software.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:

1. A software that comes with a new computer system is called ________ software
(a) Application (b) System (c) Functional (d) Manufacturer
2. System software can be divided into how many parts?
(b) 6 (b) 8 (c) 4 (d) 1
3. An application package that can be used to communicate textual data to the user is called
___
(a) Power point (b) Corel draw (c) MS-WORD (d) Excel
4. Data is entered into the cells of the sheet in ______ software
(a) Graphic (b) DBMS (c) Multimedia (d) Spreadsheet

5. _______ software allows users to create and play audio and video media.

(a) Presentation (b) Multimedia (c) Spreadsheet (d) Communication

6. Which of the following is application software?

(a) (a) CD-ROM (b) FORTRAN (c) ZENIX (d) SPREADSHEET

WEEK 8

TOPIC: OPERATING SYSTEM

CONTENT

1. Definition of operating system (OS)

2. Examples of Operating system

SUBTOPIC 1: DEFINITION OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM

DEFINITION OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM

1. Operating system: This is a set of programs that coordinates all the activities among
computer hardware devices. It also contains instructions that allow users to run
application software. When a user starts a computer, portions of the operating system
(OS) load into memory from the computer’s hard disk. It remains in memory while the
computer is on. The operating system provides a means for users to communicate with
other software. It is the operating system that makes the computer understands the user’s
instructions and command. It is the life-wire of a computer system. It does the loading
and schedule of all activities going on in a computer system.

For users to be able to interact with the computer machine, the operating system provides the
user with what is called user interface (UI)

What is user interface (UI)? This is the space through where interactions between
humans and machine occur. The goal of UI is to allow effective operation of the computer
machine.

Types of User Interface

i. Command based interface

ii. Graphical User Interface (GUI): with graphical user interface, you interact with the
software using text, graphics, and visual images such as icons. An icon is a small
image that represents a program, an instruction, or some other object on the computer
screen.

EVALUATION

1. Define the term Operating System

2. Mention what establishes a relationship between the user and the computer machine
3. A pictorial representation on the computer screen is called what?
 4. Mention the two types of user interfaces

WEEK 9

TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM

There are different types of operating system as specified by their operational performance. The
most commonly used operating systems is:

1. Single user Operating System

2. Multi User Operating System
3. Distributed Operating System
4. Multiprocessing Operating System

Single user operating system

Types of single user OS:

i. Single User/Single tasking OS: allows only a single task performed at a

time. It allows a single user to operate the machine at a time in an interactive
mode and allows one user program to be in the main store and processed at a
time. It does not allow users program. Examples of a single user operating system
include Palm OS for Palm handheld computers.
ii. Single User/Multitasking OS: allow several programs to run at the same time by
a single user. Example is Window 95, Windows NT, Workstation and
Windows 2000 professional.

Multi-User Operating System: this has been designed for more than one user to access the
computer at the same or different time. It permits the execution of more than one task at a time.
It shares the system resources to more than one user by connecting the individual user on the
system.

i. Time sharing OS
ii. Batch Processing OS

These operating systems are types of Multi-user OS in which CPU time is divided among the
users. The division is made on the basis of a schedule.

Examples are UNIX, Linux.

Distributed Operating System: It manages a group of distinct computers and make them
appear to be a single computer. This is where distributed applications are running on multiple
computers linked together communications. A distributed operating system is an extension of the
network operating system that supports higher levels of communication and interaction of the
machine on the network. Distributed computations are carried out on more than one computer
machine. When computers in a group work in cooperation, they form a distributed system. The
computers involved in the use of this OS communicate through LAN / WAN network.

Examples of Distributed OS are internet and Intranet (the portion of the internet which is
managed by an organization).

Multiprocessing Operating System: this is the operating system that supports the use of two or
more central processing unit (CPU’s) within a single computer system. It also refers to the ability
of an operating system to support more than one processor or the ability to allocate tasks between
them. Examples of multi-processing operating system are Windows NT, 2000, XP, and
UNIX.

EVALUATION

1. State 5 examples of operating system

2. List the types of operating system

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. Explain any TWO types of operating system

2. Highlight two examples each of the types of operating system

READING ASSIGNMENT

Study and summarize the topic ‘Functions of operating system’

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Which of the following is NOT an example of an operating system?

(a) Linux (b) UNIX (c) Microsoft office (d) Windows 98

2. The following are examples of networking operating system EXCEPT

(a) Windows NT (b) MS-DOS (c) Novel Netware (d) Windows XP

3. The full meaning of Windows Me is _________

4. The latest operating system developed by Microsoft is ________

WEEK 10

TOPIC: OPERATING SYSTEM

CONTENT

Function of the Operating System

1. Resource Allocation: operating system allocates computer resources such as CPU time,
main memory (RAM), secondary storage and input and output devices for use.
2. File Management: It helps in the transfer of file from one storage devices to another. It
also allows all files to be easily changed and modified through the use of text editors or
some other file manipulating software.
3. Memory Management: It allows the allocation of the main memory and other storage
areas to the system programs as well as user programs and data.
4. It Interprets commands and instructions
5. It coordinates and assigns compilers, assemblers, utility programs and other
software to the various users of the computer system.
6. System Monitoring: Operating system monitors jobs submitted for executions to ensure
efficient processing.
7. Input/output management: it assigns different input and output device while one or
more programs are being executed.
8. It facilitates easy communication between the computer system and the computer
operator.
9. It performs automatic transition from job to job as directed by special control
statement.
10. It determines and maintains the order in which jobs are to be executed in the
computer system.

EVALUATION:

1. List five functions of the operating system

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. Explain any TWO types of operating system

2. Highlight two examples each of the types of operating system

3. State at least five versions of Windows Operating System you know.

READING ASSIGNMENT
Study and summarize the topic ‘Units of storage in computer’

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. The functions of an operating system include the following EXCEPT

(a) allocates computer resources and time to various tasks (b) detects errors and provides error
messages (c) performs memory management (d) requires special computer science skill

2. The full meaning of GUI is

(a) Ground Utility Interface (b) Graphical User Interface (c) Graphical Utility Icon (d) Global
User Index

State whether the following are true or false:

3. The computer’s memory resides in the computer’s hard disk

4. DOS has a graphical user interface

5. Windows 7 is the latest operating system

6. Linux is a UNIX-based operating system