CIT – UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION 1

COURSE 2 MIDTERM EXAMINATION

1. The pressure difference between the top and bottom of a water B. isothermal D. none of the above B. 9.3 m D. 10.3 m
body with a depth of 10 m is: 11. Water flows in a 5-cm-diameter pipe at a velocity of 0.75 m/s. The
A. 98100 kPa C. 100 kPa mass flow rate of water in the pipe is:
B. 98.1 kPa D. 10 kPa A. 75 kg/min C. 1.47 kg/min
B. 37.5 kg/min D. 88.4 kg/min 20. When there’s no work done, no heat transfer and no changes in
2. The internal energy of an ideal gas is a function of temperature only kinetic energy, the process is called
is known as 12. What does the area under the curve on a temperature-entropy A. reversible adiabatic process
A. Joule’s Law C. Henry’s Law diagram indicates? B. throttling process
B. Boyle’s Law D. Charles Law A. volume C. work C . irreversible adiabatic process
B. heat D. entropy D. isolated system
3. A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas in a tank.
The manometer fluid is water and the manometer column height is 13. Air at 100 kPa and 208C flows in a 12-cm-diameter pipe at a rate of 21. Which parameter is not related in the Bernoulli equation?
1.8 m. If the local atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, the absolute 9.5 kg/min. The velocity of air in the pipe is: A. density C. time
pressure within the tank is: A. 1.4 m/s C. 9.5 m/s B. velocity D. pressure
A. 100 kPa C. 101 kPa B. 6.0 m/s D. 11.8 m/s
B. 180 kPa D. 118 kPa 22. The difference between the enthalpy of any state and the enthalpy
14. What is the process that has no heat transfer? of an ideal gas at the same temperature is known as
4. Is a fluid substance capable of absorbing and discharging heat A. reversible C. isothermal A. enthalpy departure C. specific enthalpy
energy by physical or chemical processes B. polytropic D. adiabatic B. latent enthalpy D. sensible enthalpy
A. water C. refrigerant
B. ideal gas D. working medium 15. Consider incompressible, frictionless flow of a fluid in a horizontal 23. Consider an airplane cruising at 850 km/h to the right. If the velocity
piping. The pressure and velocity of a fluid is measured to be 150 of exhaust gases is 700 km/h to the left relative to the ground, the
5. Consider the vertical rectangular wall of a water tank with a width of kPa and 1.25 m/s at a specified point. The density of the fluid is 700 velocity of the exhaust gases relative to the nozzle exit is:
5 m and a height of 8 m. The other side of the wall is open to the kg/m3. If the pressure is 140 kPa at another point, the velocity of the A. 1550 kph C. 700 kph
atmosphere. The resultant hydrostatic force on this wall is: fluid at that point is: B. 850 kph D. 350 kph
A. 1570 kN C. 2505 kN A. 1.26 m/s C. 3.75 m/s
B. 2380 kN D. 1410 kN B. 1.34 m/s D. 5.49 m/s 24. The ratio of specific heats of an ideal gas is always
A. less than one C. greater than one
6. Which of the following is an example of a working substance 16. An ideal gas is compressed isothermally. The enthalpy change is: B. equals to unity D. zero
A. mercury vapor C. diphenyl oxide A. sometimes negative C. zero
B. sulfur dioxide D. all of the above B. sometimes positive D. indeterminate 25. A water jet strikes a stationary horizontal plate vertically at a rate of
18 kg/s with a velocity of 24 m/s. The mass of the plate is 10 kg.
7. A 3-kg object with a density of 7500 kg/m3 is placed in water. The 17. Water is withdrawn at the bottom of a large tank open to the Assume the water stream moves in the horizontal direction after the
weight of this object in water is: atmosphere. The water velocity is 6.6 m/s. The minimum height of strike. The force needed to prevent the plate from moving vertically
A. 29.4 N C. 14.7 N the water in the tank is: is:
B. 25.5 N D. 30 N A. 2.22 m C. 4.33 m A. 192 N C. 334 N
B. 3.04 m D. 5.75 m B. 240 N D. 432 N
8. With the same compression ratio and the same heat input, Otto
cycle has a ______ thermal efficiency than a Diesel cycle. 18. If during a process a system passes through a series of only 26. Temperature above which a given gas cannot be liquefied
A. equal C. lesser equilibrium states, so that the system at any instant is in equilibrium A. absolute temperature C. critical temperature
B. higher D. cannot be determined or infinitesimally close to being in equilibrium, the process is called B. vaporizing temperature D. cryogenic temperature
A. semiequilibrium C. statiequilibrium
9. A 10-kg object with a density of 900 kg/m3 is placed in a fluid with a B. quasiequilibrium D. none of these 27. A water jet strikes a stationary vertical plate horizontally at a rate of
density of 1100 kg/m3. The fraction of the volume of the object 5 kg/s with a velocity of 35 km/h. Assume the water stream moves
submerged in water is: 19. Consider water flow in a piping network. The pressure, velocity, and in the vertical direction after the strike. The force needed to prevent
A. 0.637 C. 0.818 elevation at a specified point (point 1) of the flow are 150 kPa, 1.8 the plate from moving horizontally is:
B. 0.716 D. 0.90 m/s, and 14 m. The pressure and velocity at point 2 are 165 kPa A. 26.3 N C. 34.2 N
and 2.4 m/s. Neglecting frictional effects, the elevation at point 2 is: B. 19.7 N D. 48.6 N
10. In the expression PVn=C, If n=1 then the process is A. 12.4 m C. 14.2 m
A. polytropic C. isentropic
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 CIT – UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION 2

COURSE 2 MIDTERM EXAMINATION

28. A branch of thermodynamic which applies probability To achieve similarity between the model and the prototype, the 42. A hydraulic turbine is used to generate power by using the water in
considerations to the very large number of molecules that water velocity on the model should be: a dam. The elevation difference between the free surfaces
comprise any macroscopic quantity of matter. A. 97 kph C. 263 kph upstream and downstream of the dam is 120 m. The water is
A. classical thermodynamics C. chemistry B. 186 kph D. 379 kph supplied to the turbine at a rate of 150 kg/s. If the shaft power
B. kinetic thermodynamics D. statistical thermodynamics output from the turbine is 155 kW, the efficiency of the turbine is:
29. A reducing elbow is used to deflect water flow at a rate of 14 kg/s in 35. A pump increases the pressure of water from 100 kPa to 3 MPa at a A. 0.77 C. 0.85
a horizontal pipe upward 30° while accelerating it. The elbow rate of 0.5 m3/min. The inlet and outlet diameters are identical and B. 0.80 D. 0.88
discharges water into the atmosphere. The cross-sectional area of there is no change in elevation across the pump. If the efficiency of
the elbow is 113 cm2 at the inlet and 7 cm2 at the outlet. The the pump is 77 percent, the power supplied to the pump is: 43. A machine used to add energy to a liquid to transfer the liquid from
elevation difference between the centers of the outlet and the inlet is A. 21.8 kW C. 27.6 kW one point to another point of higher energy level.
30 cm. The weight of the elbow and the water in it is negligible. B. 24.2 kW D. 31.4 kW A. turbine C. nozzle
Determine the gage pressure at the center of the inlet of the elbow. B. pump D. pipe
A. 175 kPa C. 215 kPa 36. A pump increases the pressure of water from 100 kPa to 900 kPa to
an elevation of 35 m. The inlet and outlet diameters are identical. 44. The height of the column of water of liquid necessary to develop a
B. 202 kPa D. 240 kPa
The net head of the pump is: specific pressure.
A. 143 m C. 91 m A. Velocity head C. total head
30. As the pressure increases, the heat of vaporization per kg of water
B. 117 m D. 70 m B. Pressure head D. head loss
A. increases C. decreases
B. remains constant D. none of the above
37. The brake horsepower and water horsepower of a pump are 45. The theoretical power necessary to raise a given volume of liquid
determined to be 15 kW and 12 kW, respectively. If the flow rate of from a lower to a higher elevation.
31. Consider water flow through a horizontal, short garden hose at a A. Mechanical power C. hydraulic power
rate of 40 kg/min. The velocity at the inlet is 1.5 m/s and that at the water to the pump under these conditions is 0.05 m3/s, the total
B. Brake power D. electric power
outlet is 16 m/s. The hose makes a 90° turn to a vertical direction head loss of the pump is:
before the water is discharged. Disregard the weight of the hose A. 9.3 m C. 6.1 m
46. The ratio of the hydraulic power to the brake power.
and water. Taking the momentum-flux correction factor to be 1.04 at B. 7.7 m D. 4.9 m A. Motor efficiency C. overall efficiency
both the inlet and the outlet, the reaction force in the vertical B. Pump efficiency D. electrical efficiency
38. The net head delivered by a pump at a rotational speed of 1000 rpm
direction required to hold the hose in place is:
is 10 m. If the rotational speed is doubled, the net head delivered 47. Absolute pressure at sea level.
A. 11.1 N C. 9.3 N
will be: A. 101.325 Pa C. 1.032 kg/cm2
B. 10.1 N D. 27.2 N
A. 10 m C. 40 m B. 14.7 ksi D. 1.01 atm
32. Which one is not a primary dimension? B. 20 m D. 80 m
A. velocity C. electric current 48. Gage pressure at sea level.
B. time D. temperature 39. The gage pressure in a pipe is measured by a manometer A. 101.325 kPa C. 14.7 psi
containing mercury. The top of the mercury is open to the B. 0 Pa D. 1.0 atm
33. Consider a boundary layer growing along a thin flat plate. This atmosphere and the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa. If the
problem involves the following parameters: boundary layer mercury column height is 24 cm, the gage pressure in the pipe is: 49. Buoyant force is equal to:
thickness δ, downstream distance x, free-stream velocity V, fluid A. 32 kPa C. 76 kPa A. Weight of body
density ρ, and fluid viscosity μ. The number of primary dimensions B. 24 kPa D. 124 kPa B. Weight of displaced fluid
represented in this problem is: [Link] of body
A. 1 C. 3 40. The absolute pressure in a tank is measured to be 35 kPa. If the [Link] of displaced fluid
B. 2 D. 4 atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, the vacuum pressure in the tank
is: 50. Specific gravity of seawater.
A. 35 kPa C. 65 kPa A. 1000 C. 1030
34. A one-third scale model of an airplane is to be tested in water. The
B. 100 kPa D. 135 kPa B. 1025 D. 1.025
airplane has a velocity of 900 km/h in air at 250°C. The water
temperature in the test section is 10°C.
41. A 7-m-diameter hot air balloon is neither rising nor falling. The 51. The draft of a floating body is equal to:
The properties of air at 1 atm and 250°C: ρ = 1.582 kg/m3, A. Submerged height C. total height
μ = 1.474 x 10^-5 kg/m·s. density of atmospheric air is 1.3 kg/m3. The total mass of the
balloon including the people on board is: B. Floating height D. all of these
The properties of water at 1 atm and 10°C: ρ = 999.7 kg/m3,
μ = 1.307 x 10^-3 kg/m·s. A. 234 kg C. 180 kg
52. In compressible fluids, what is constant?
B. 207 kg D. 163 kg
A. head C. mass flow rate

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 CIT – UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION 3

COURSE 2 MIDTERM EXAMINATION

B. Volume flow rate D. density 62. Air is compressed in a cylinder such that the volume changes from 70. A cubic meter of water at room temperature has a weight of 9800 N
100 to 10 in3. The initial pressure is 50 psia and the temperature is at a location where g = 9.80 m/s 2. What is its specific weight where
53. For turbulent flows, held constant at 100 F. Calculate the work. g =9.77 m/s2?
A. Re > 4000 C. Re > 6000 A. 959 [Link] C. 995 [Link] A. 9770 N C. 9777 N
B. Re > 5000 D. Re > 7000 B. -959 [Link] D. -995 [Link] B. 9870 N D. 9877 N

54. It is the pressure measured above absolute zero. 63. Nitrogen at 100 C and 120 KPa with a volume of 1.2 m 3 is 71. A 2200 kg car travelling at 90 km/hr hits the rear of a stationary
A. atmospheric C. absolute
compressed using an isothermal process until the pressure is 600 1000 kg car. Immediately after the collision, the large car moves at
B. barometric D. gage
KPa. Determine the heat required. 50 km/hr and the smaller car moves at a speed of 88 km/hr. What
A. 223 KJ C. 232 KJ has been the increase in internal energy, taking both vehicle as the
55. It states that at any point in a fluid at rest, the pressure is the same
in all directions. B. -223 KJ D. -232 KJ system?
A. Archimedes principle C. Newton’s law A. 287.5 KJ C. 510.9 KJ
B. Pascal’s law D. Boyle’s law 64. A piston cylinder arrangement contains 0.02 m 3 of air at 50 C and B. 176.6 KJ D. 198.4 KJ
400 KPa. Heat is added in the amount of 50 KJ and work is done by
56. The condition under which two or more phases of a pure substance a paddle wheel until the temperature reaches 700 C. If the pressure 72. A 10 kg body falls from rest. Determine it velocity after it falls 5 m.
can exist together in equilibrium. is held constant, how much paddle-wheel work must be added to A. 8.8 m/s C. 9.4 m/s
A. saturation pressure C. saturated phase the air? B. 10.2 m/s D. 9.9 m/s
B. thermal equilibrium D. saturation conditions A. -5.5 KJ C. -5.8 KJ
B. -6.1 KJ D. -6.4 KJ 73. A 0.8 lb mass travelling at 200 ft/s enters a viscous liquid and is
57. 17. Is the work done by the steam during an irreversible adiabatic essentially brought to rest before it strikes the side. What is the
expansion or polytropic expansion process in the turbine. 65. Calculate the work necessary to compress air in an insulated increase in internal energy, taking the mass and the liquid as the
A. turbine work C. brake work cylinder from a volume of 6 ft 3 to a volume of 1.2 ft 3. The initial system?
B. indicated work D. combined work temperature and pressure are 50 F and 30 psia, respectively. A. 497 [Link] C. 508 [Link]
A. -75 Btu C. -78 Btu B. 602 [Link] D. 611 [Link]
58. How much heat in KJ must be transferred to 10 kg of air to increase B. -81 Btu D. -83 Btu
the temperature from 10 C to 230 C if the pressure is maintained 74. A 5 hp fan is used in a large room to provide for air circulation.
constant ? 66. Air at a pressure of 400 KPa and a volume of 2 m 3 is allowed to Assuming a well-insulated, sealed room, determine the internal
A. 2200 C. 2270 expand in a polytropic process until the volume of the gas is 4 m3. energy after 1 hr of operation.
B. 3150 D. 3320 Determine the heat transfer if n = 1.3. A. 13.4 MJ C. -13.4 MJ
A. 120 KJ C. 125 KJ B. 14.3 MJ D. -14.3 MJ
59. A partially inflated balloon contains 500 m3 of helium at 27 C and 1 B. 130 KJ D. 135 KJ
atm pressure. What is the volume of the helium at an altitude of 75. Air enters a compressor at atmospheric conditions of 20 C and 80
18,000 ft, where the pressure is 0.5 atm and the temperature is -3 67. Helium is contained in a 2 m3 rigid volume at 50 C and 200 KPa. KPa and exits at 800 KPa and 200 C. Calculate the rate of heat
C ? Calculate the heat transfer needed to increase the pressure to 800 transfer if the power input is 400 KW. The air exits at 20 m/s through
A. 850 m3 C. 890 m3 KPa. an exit diameter of 10 cm.
B. 900 m 3
D. 980 m3 A. 1900 KJ C. 1800 KJ A. -212 KW C. -244 KW
B. 1950 KJ D. 1850 KJ B. -233 KW D. -225 KW
60. An ideal gas at 45 psig and 80 F is heated in a closed container to
130 F. What is the final pressure? 68. The air in the cylinder of an air compressor is compressed from 100 76. In a Rankine cycle steam enters the turbine at 2.5 Mpa and
A. 55 psia C. 60 psia KPa to 10 MPa. Find the work required if the air is initially at 100 C. condenser of 50 Kpa, what is the thermal efficiency of the cycle?
B. 65 psia D. 70 psia A. -902 KJ/kg C. -850 KJ/kg At 2.5 Mpa: hg =2803.1 kJ/kg; sg= 6.2575 At 50 kpa: sf=
B. -795 KJ/kg D. -729 KJ/kg 1.0910;sfg= 6.5029; hf= 340.49;hfg = 2305.4; vf= 0.00103
61. What is the specific volume of air at 30 C and 150 KPa? A. 25.55% C. 34.23%
A. 1 m3/kg C. 0.45 m3/kg 69. Nitrogen at 100 C and 600 KPa expands in such a way that it can B. 45.23% D. 12.34%
3
B. 1.2 m /kg D. 0.579 m3/kg be approximated by a polytropic process with n =1.25. Calculate the
work if the final pressure is 100 KPa. 77. Pump work of Rankine cycle is 15 kJ/kg. Density of water entering
A. 73.1 KJ/kg C. 134 KJ/kg the pump is 958 kg/m3 . If condenser pressure is 100 Kpa, what is
B. 143 KJ/kg D. 71.3 KJ/kg the pressure at the entrance of the turbine?
A. 14.47 MPa C. 15. 67 MPa
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 CIT – UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION 4

COURSE 2 MIDTERM EXAMINATION

B. 20.48 MPa D. 17.77 MPa

78. A simple rankine cycle operates between superheated steam at 6

Mpa, 600 C entering the turbine and 10 KPa entering the pump.
Determine the maximum cycle thermal efficiency. At 6 MPa, 600 C:
h1 = 3658 KJ/kg, s1 = 7.1685 KJ/kgK; at 10 KPa: hf = 192, hfg =
2393 KJ/kg, sf = 0.646, sfg = 7.502 KJ/kgK.
A. 32.3% C. 36.8%
B. 39.9 % D. 42.7%

79. At 250 C a mixture of saturated steam and liquid water exists in

equilibrium. If the specific volume of the mixture is 0.04159 m3/kg,
calculate the enthalpy. At 250 C, vf = 0.0012512, vg = 0.05013
m3/kg; hf = 1085.36, hg = 2801.5 KJ/kg.
A. 2407 KJ/kg C. 2501.7 KJ/kg
B. 2521.6 KJ/kg D. 2584.1 KJ/kg

80. Steam enters the superheater of a boiler at a pressure of 25 bar and

dryness of 0.98 and leaves at the same pressure at a temperature
of 370 C. Calculate the heat energy supplied per kg of steam
supplied in the superheater.
Steam Properties: At 25 bar and 370 C: (h = 3171.8 KJ/kg) At 25
bar (hf = 962.11 KJ/kg; hfg= 1841.0 kJ/kg)
A. 407.46 C. 405.51
B. 408.57 D. 406.54

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