D 1100ECT307122103 Pages:4

Reg No.: Name:

APJ ABDUT KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Fifth Semester [Link] Degree pxamination December 2021 (201
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Course Code: ECT 307
Course Name: CONTROL SYSTEMS
Max. Marks: 100
PART A
(Answer all questionsl each question carrtes 3 marks) Marks
I Compare open loop and closed loop control systems. Give one example to both. 3

z.( What is the criterion on the roots of the characteristic equation for the stability? How 3

,i is it connected to the BIBO stability?

a
J Draw the signal flow graph for the following set of algebraic equations:
x1:oxs*bxt*cx2
X2 = d.X1* ex3
4 State the angle and magnitude criteria that roots of the characteristic equation must 3

be satisfied.

5 In a system represented by the state vector differential equation, let A is the

coefficient matrix of the state variable vector. Then, if A = [i. nna ,n"
-1r],
characteristic roots of the system.

Draw the response of an underdamped second order system with complex poles on
the left half of s-plane showing the rise time, peak overshoot, and settling time.
Distinguish between Order of a system and Type of a system. J

-8 Draw the s-plane contour used for mapping, for stability analysis, to the plane of
n
J

open-loop transfer function.

G(s)H(s): t 1 ..
' s(s*1)
Explain the choice of the contour
9 Write and explain the transfer function for a first order phase lag compensator. State 3

the function of a phase lag compensator in a control system.

10 Give nvb advantages for using state variable representation of systems. 3

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 1100ECT307122103

PART B
(Answer onefull questiontrom each module, each question canies 14 marks)

11 a)

Find the transfer function of the system shown by the block diagram using direct
block diagram reduction rules.
b) Draw the signal flow graph for the system in question 1l (a) and obtain the gain
using the Mason's Formula.
'!f
12 a) Draw the schematic of a second order spring-mass-damper (SMD) system and obtain
its transfer function. Draw the Force current and force voltage analogy circuits of the

SMD system.
b) Find the differential equation governing the mechanical system shown in fig.
Draw the_ corresponding Force-Voltage analogous circuit

. Module -2
lvrooure -z
13 a) Define position, velocity and acceleration error constants for a unity feedback control
system.

b) For the second order system with complex poles on the left half of s-plane, derive
the expression for rise time, settling time, and stea{y state error parameters.
L4 a) Find the response of a system with transfer function

T(s) : 1
when subjected to unit step input.
ffi
b) For the system in the block diagram,
10
G(s) :
s2+14s+50

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 1I00ECT307122103

Find the steady state error

varues for unit step and
unit ramp inputs.
Module -3
. 15a) A system has characteristic equation,
s3 * 3s2 + (r + 1)s + 4 = 0. Find the range
.K for the stable system. of
b) For a system having open
loop transfer function.

(. 6(s)t1(s) =
(s+ 1)(s+sxs+6)
Plot the root locus stating
the steps.
16 a) Explain the effect of adding
a pole to a second order
system.
b) write the general transfer 7
functions of P, PI and pID
controllers. Explain their role
in a control system design. 7

Module _4
t7 using the Nyquist contour,
analyse the following system
to obtain the rimit ofKfor
the stab'ity' The system t4
has the open-loop transfer
function
G(s)Il(s) =
s(r1s * lxr;;Tt
gain margin of the system.
Determine phase margin
I
lt:,"j^::::ta: 1.
system from the graph plotted. or the
18 a) state cauchy's argument
principle with the conditions
to be applied on the contour
ofmapping' State'the Nyquist
criterion of stability on the
open loop transfer function
of a control systern.
b) Draw the bode prots of
the system with operrroop
transfer function.

G(s)H(s) =
s(s + 1)(s +.2)
Explain how the prot can
be used for anarysing the
stability of the system.
Module -5
19 a) t€r

1"(s)
- sz + 20s +100-
is the transfer function
of a system. Draw its signal
flow graph in phase variable
form' Arso represent the
system in the state variable
form.

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 1l,S€T3gn?'ng3

b) Find the state trggsition matrix of a systern represented by tr*ro statc [Link] 7
Es

":.
having stak coefuient matrix, a
iA

= Lor jtl
t1 'fv

20 a) A single-inprt single-cnrpW systern has the matix equatiorr 'l

*= [j,
-tul'* [!l"
I y=[10
0]x
_, &te.r-mineth€tresferfirnctiorusingthe signd flourm*I.
:.,,
b) {.qyst€rh,cbaracterised by t}€ transfer function
Y(s) 2

t
tGt:m
Find the state and ouput equation in fiiafiix forrr and also test ee comt*ability and
observability of the sYstem

'.,=i

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t

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D 1100ECT307122104
<')
RegNo.: r\1
APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVE
Fifth Semester [Link] Degree Regular and supplementary Examination Dece
Ji,
"

Course Code: ECT 307

Course Name: CONTROL SYSTEMS

Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours

PART A
(Answer all questions; eoch question canies 3 marks) Marks

I Compare open loop and closed loop control systems. Give example. (3)
2 Obtain the impulse response of a series RL high pass filter. (3)
3 A unity feedback system has the following forward path transfer function.

G (s) - and r(t) = 4t. Determine the corresponding static error coefficient (3)
;ffi
and the steady state error.

4 Compare the features of transient and steady state part of a system response. Give an

5
TRACE KTU
example for a second order control system with natural frequency of 2 rad/s
damping ratio of 0.5.
Explain absolute stability and relative stability of control systems.
and (3)

(3)
6 Compare PD, PI and PID controllers. (3)
T Obtain the DC gain of a unity feedback control system whose overall transfer
function is given by (3)
10
' \-/ =
Tfc)
(s + 3)(s + 5)
8, Starting with the principle of argument, state Nyquist stability criterion. (3)
'
9 Define state transition matrix. Mention uny ffi properties of it. (3)
l0 Define the terms state variable and state space. Mention any four distinct advantages (3)
of state space representation.

PART B
(Answer onefull qaestionfrom each module, each question carries 14 morks)
Module -1
I I a) Obtain the differential equations governing the mechanical system shown below and (7)
draw the force-current electrical analogous circuit.

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 1100EcT3fi7r22r04

b) Find the transfer function of the given system using block diagram reduction method

LZ a)
TRACE KTU
Obtain the differential equations governing the mechanical system shown below and (7)

draw the /o r c e -vol t oge electrical analogous circuit

b) Obtain overall transfer function for the given system using Mason's gain formula

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.J

1100ECT307122104

-Ii3

Module -2
13 a) A unity feedback system has the following open loop transfer function, where K and
T are constants. Determine the factor by which K should be multiplied to reduce the
overshoot from 85% to35o/o. (8)

C"K
r(s')=r(1
+rr)
b) Consider a unity feedback control system with the closed loop transfer function
[Link]
cG)

TRACE KTU
=*t*' . '"
R(s)- sz+as+b . Determine the open loop transfer function. Show that the

state error in the unit ramp input response is er" =

+
steady
(6)

14 a) Starting from the generalized transfer function, derive expression for peak time of (9)
second order under-damped system subjected to unit step function.

b) The open loo_gtransfer function of a unity feedback control system is (5)

I(-
G(s) = s(s * 1)(s + 2)
r
i) Determine the type and ordei-df the system
ii) Find the minimum value ofrK for which the steady state error is less than
0.2 for a unit ramp input.
Module -3
15 .?) Given the characteristic equation of a system. Using R.H criterion, Find the location
of roots in s-plane and hence comment whether the system is fully stable, unstable (5)
or conditionally stable.

F(s) = sa + 2s3 * 11s2 * 18s* 18 = o

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 11008CT307122104

b) Sketch the root locus for the given open loop transfer function and find the value of (9)

K andrrr for marginal slaUitity.

K
G(s)H(s)=;u*,**'
16 a) Given the characteristic equation of a system. Using R.H criterion, Find the range of (6)

K for the system to be stable. Also find the frequency of sustained oscillation at the
marginal stability.
F(s) = s4 + 2os3 * 15s2 * 2s* K = o
b) Sketch the root locus for the given open loop transfer function and comment on the (8)

system stability.

7
6(s)H(s)=s(s+1)(s+a)
,1(i.1,',] ,,
Module -4
17 a) Compare lead, lag and lag-lead compensators. (4)

b) A unity feedback control system with given G(s), Draw the Bode plot. Find the gain
margin and phase margin. Also check for the stability. (Use semi-log sheet) (10)

5(t*'")
G(s)=,
l8 a)
b)
TRACE KTU ==
11+4s)(1+0.25s)
Explain the design procedure of phase lead compensator using Bode plot method.
Draw the Nyquist plot for the system whose open loop transfer function is
(5)
(9)

K
G(s)H(s) =
r s(s * zXs + 10)
Also comment on closed loop stability.
; *-'3. Module -5
' 19 a) Obtain the state model for the electrical network shown. (7)
-
'I; L ---l I
I
I

* i\*,l
--*
b) Check the controllability and observability of the following system. (7)

*=[? !r1r+[l] u; v=11 zix

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 IltrECT3s?rztr94

20 al Defermine tk transf€r fun€tbn of a system represented by

x=l;
t l-2
''i -?1 rl r
_elx+[iJ u; Y=[1 0]u
b) An LTI systcr?l is rcpresen&d by the state equation.* = A X + 8U

-0,
o = [-ot II and B: lll , find the state transition mdix g(t).
[o o -il [oJ
tl +tt

TRACE KTU

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