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SAT Math Concepts Cheat Sheet

This SAT Math Cheat Sheet covers essential concepts including similar figures, parallel lines and angles, right triangle trigonometry, exponential models, factored equations, linear relationships, and quadratic equations. Key formulas and methods for solving problems are provided, emphasizing the importance of labeling and checking for proportionality. Quick reminders are included to aid in problem-solving during the exam.

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14 views2 pages

SAT Math Concepts Cheat Sheet

This SAT Math Cheat Sheet covers essential concepts including similar figures, parallel lines and angles, right triangle trigonometry, exponential models, factored equations, linear relationships, and quadratic equations. Key formulas and methods for solving problems are provided, emphasizing the importance of labeling and checking for proportionality. Quick reminders are included to aid in problem-solving during the exam.

Uploaded by

nmuadifam
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SAT Math Cheat Sheet

1. Similar Figures / Triangles / Rectangles


- Corresponding sides are proportional; corresponding angles are equal.
- Set up ratios: (side■ / corresponding side■) = (side■ / corresponding side■)
- Cross-multiply and solve.

2. Parallel Lines & Angles


- Alternate interior angles → equal.
- Corresponding angles → equal.
- Same-side interior angles → supplementary (sum to 180°).

Steps:
1. Mark the type of angle pair.
2. Write x = y or x + y = 180.
3. Substitute given info and solve.

3. Supplementary Angles
- Two angles that add to 180°.
- On a straight line or between parallels on the same side of a transversal.
- Complementary = 90°, Supplementary = 180°, Vertical = equal.

4. Right Triangle Trig (SOH–CAH–TOA)


sin = opposite / hypotenuse
cos = adjacent / hypotenuse
tan = opposite / adjacent
Label sides relative to the angle; plug in and simplify.

5. Exponential Models
Equation: y = a(b)^x
- a = initial value (when x = 0)
- b = growth or decay factor (b > 1 → growth, b < 1 → decay)
Use (y■ / y■) = b^(x■ - x■) to find b.

6. Factored Equations
Equation: (x + a)(x + b)(x + c) = 0
Set each factor = 0 → solve for x.
Example: (x + 2)(x - 5)(x + 9) = 0 → x = -2, 5, -9

7. Similar Triangles with Intersecting Lines


- Identify equal angles (vertical or marked).
- Write proportions using matching sides (use vertex order!).
- Cross-multiply and solve.

8. Linear Relationships
- x-axis → independent variable (usually number of items).
- y-axis → dependent variable (depends on x).
Equation form: y = mx + b.
m = rate of change (slope), b = starting value (intercept).

9. Quadratic Equations
If ax² + bx + c = 0:
→ Use quadratic formula: x = [-b ± √(b² - 4ac)] / (2a)
→ Or factor if possible.
Example: w² + 12w - 40 = 0 → w = -6 ± 2√19

Quick Reminders
- Always check for proportional sides or equal angles.
- Label sides before using trig.
- Use process of elimination if you’re stuck.
- Keep calculator work clean: write ratios before solving.

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