Scribd
Upload
9 views1 page

Understanding Amplitude Modulation (AM)

Amplitude Modulation (AM) involves varying the amplitude of a carrier signal according to a message signal, represented mathematically by s(t) = Ac [1 + µ cos(ωm t)] cos(ωc t]. There are three main types of AM: DSB-FC, DSB-SC, and SSB-SC, with efficiency decreasing in that order. The power and bandwidth of AM signals are defined, with maximum efficiency achieved at a modulation index of 1.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Pankaj
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views1 page

Understanding Amplitude Modulation (AM)

Amplitude Modulation (AM) involves varying the amplitude of a carrier signal according to a message signal, represented mathematically by s(t) = Ac [1 + µ cos(ωm t)] cos(ωc t]. There are three main types of AM: DSB-FC, DSB-SC, and SSB-SC, with efficiency decreasing in that order. The power and bandwidth of AM signals are defined, with maximum efficiency achieved at a modulation index of 1.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Pankaj
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Amplitude Modulation (AM)

• Amplitude of carrier varies as per message signal

Mathematical Form:
s(t) = Ac [1 + µ cos(ωm t)] cos(ωc t)
µ = Am / Ac → modulation index

AM Spectrum:
• Carrier fc
• USB: fc + fm
• LSB: fc - fm
Bandwidth = 2fm

Power:
Pt = Pc(1 + µ²/2)
ηmax = 33.33% when µ = 1

Types of AM
1■■ DSB-FC → Carrier + both sidebands (BW = 2fm)
2■■ DSB-SC → No carrier, only sidebands (BW = 2fm)
3■■ SSB-SC → Only one sideband (BW = fm)

Efficiency Order:
SSB-SC > DSB-SC > AM(DSB-FC)

Generation (Basic):
• Square-law modulator → AM
• Balanced modulator → DSB-SC
• Filter/Phase-shift → SSB

Detection:
• Envelope detector → AM
• Coherent detector → DSB-SC/SSB

You might also like