MANAGEMENT
THEORIES
HENRY FAYOL
• The real father of modern theory.
• Principles laid by him are known as Operational
Management/ administrative management / General
Management.
• He looked at the problem of managing an
organization from top management point of view.
HENRY FAYOL PRINCIPLES OF
MANAGEMENT
• Division of work
• Authority and responsibility
• Discipline
• Unity of command
• Unity of direction
• Subordination of individual interest to general interest
• Remuneration of personnel
CONTD……….
• Centralization
• Scalar chain
• Order : material and social order
• Equity
• Stability of tenure
• Initiative
• Espirit –de-corps
FW TAYLOR
• Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) is called the father of Scientific Management. His
experience from the bottom-most level in the organization gave him an opportunity to
know at first the problems of the workers. Taylor’s principal concern was that of increasing
efficiency in production, not only to lower costs and raise profits but also to make possible
increased pay for workers through their higher productivity.
F. W. TAYLOR’S 4 PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC
MANAGEMENT
• Replace rule-of-thumb work methods with methods based on a scientific study of the
tasks.
• Scientifically select, train, and develop each worker rather than passively leaving them to
train themselves.
• Cooperate with the workers to ensure that the scientifically developed methods are being
followed.
• Divide work nearly equally between managers and workers, so that the managers apply
scientific management principles to planning the work and the workers actually perform
the tasks.
FEATURES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
• Separation of Planning and Doing
• Functional Foremanship
• Job Analysis
• Standardization
• Scientific Selection and Training
• Financial Incentives
• Economy
• Mental Revolution
CHESTER I. BARNARD
• As individuals pursue their organizational goal, they
must also satisfy their individual needs,
• An organization can work efficiently and grow when
organizational goals are kept in balance with the needs
and aims of the individuals working for it.
• Managers must understand the employee’s ‘zone of
indifference’.
MANAGERIAL ROLES
MANAGERIAL ROLES
Interpersonal Informational Decisional roles
roles roles
•Figurehead •Monitor •Entrepreneur
•Disturbance
•Leader •Disseminator
handler
•liaison •spokesperson
•Resource
allocator
•Negotiator
THE END