COCKROACH
General
morphology
Anatomy
Digestion
Respiration
circulation
Excretion
nervous system
Reproductive system
I 2Q
-
IS
GENERAL
• cockroaches : Brown or Black included in
class Insecta
g Phylum Arthropods .
• size : Yz 3 inches
-
(O -
G -
O -
76cm
)
extensions
• Has
long antennae ,
legs and
flat
of upper body wall that conceals head .
• Nocturnal Omnivores
• live in damp places '
• serious
forests and vectors
of several diseases .
MORPHOLOGY
adult cockroach 34 53mm
length of : -
•
(
Pariplaneta americana)
tip of abdomen in 09
beyond
.
entered
•
wings divisible into Head , Thorax I Abdomen
.
•
Body
Entire hard chitinous exoskeleton
body covered by
'
• a
Exoskeleton has hard plates
• In each
segment :
called sclerites
( tergites
sternites dorsally ; ventrally)
which
articular
are
joined by thin I
flexible
membrane
fniuthrodial Membrane )
AIPMT 2015-
HEE AA DD
•
Triangular in
shape .
• lies
anteriorly at night angles to
longitudinal
body anis .
Formed
by fusion of 6 segments shows
great
-
mobility neck in all directions due to
flexible .
• Head capsule bears : Ip compound eyes .
thread like antennae
I arise
from
°
p
.
membranous sockets in
lying front of eyes .
Antennae Monitor environment
• :
sensory receptors
-
• Anterior end bears
mouth )
appendages (biting A chewing
parts
Head
Region
mouthparts
Labrum mandibles maxillae labium
Hypo
-
(upper lip) ( Ip ) Csp) (lower lip) pharynx
( tongue
•
Hypopharynse is median
flexible lobe
lies within
cavity enclosed
by mouth parts .
Different
mouth
parts
THO R A X
-
•
Has 3 parts : Prothorax
j .
mesothoran
3 . Metatherian
• Head is connected with Thorax
by neck (smqlrtproefntognasixm)
• Each thoracic
segment bear pair of walking legs .
• 1st pair of wings : Arise
from Mesothorax
mesothoracic / forewings / Tegmina opaque dark -
and
leathery & cover hindwings at rest
• 2nd pair of wings : Arise
from Metatherian
Metathoeacic / Hindwings -
Transparent I used
for flight .
A BDO MEN
09 and I)
• Consists
of 20
segments ( both
.
9N Is 7th sternum boat
'
shaped
•
: is
• 7th + 8th + 9th sterna
together lot ) -
Brood / Genital
Pouch
The anterior
female
part of genital pouch has -
gonophore
•
spermatheca pores
• Collateral
glands
• In 03 : Genital
pouch /chamber lies at hind
abdomen bounded
end
of
9th and wth
dorsally
by terga and ventrally by
qtr sternum .
Male genital pouch contains -
Dorsal
•
anus
ventral male
•
genital pore
• Gon
apophysis
Males bear short , thread like anal
pair of
• -
styles ( absent in q) NEET 2018 -
• On both series -
loth
segment bears 2 pair
of
Anal
jointed
cerci
filamentous structures called
ANATOMY
Alimentary Canal
Divided into 3
•
regions :
2 .
Foregut
2 .
Midgut
3-
Hindgut
• Mouth
opens into
short ,
tubular
pharynx leading to
narrow tubular
passage oesophagus .
•
Oesophagus
into
opens
like sac -
CROP ( stores food)
followed
GIZZARD
by OR
PRO VENTRICULUS
outer Thick circular muscles
Has
layer of
thick cuticle
Inner
chitinous plates ( Teeth)
forming
6
highly
.
( Helps in grinding food)
Entire is lined
•
A
foregut
6
cuticle
by
blind tubules called hepatic
.
ring of
s
-
or
gastric calcar : At Junction
foregut E of midgut
•
Hepatic caecae :
secretes Digestive juices .
tubules (yellow
• 100 -
150
Malpighi an
Present at
coloured thin
filamentousand
) :
junction of
removal
midgut hindgut :
Help in -
of excretory products .
Hindgut ! Broader than
midgutileum
Differentiated into ,
colon rectum
, .
Anees
Rectum out
through
i.
opens .
Blood Vascular System
in cockroach
•
open type
• Blood vessels
poorly develop
and open into
space (Maemo cod)
• visceral
organs located in
haemocoel are bathed in
blood (
haemolymfrh)
composed of colourless plasma
and
haemocytes .
• Heart
of Cockroach
:
Elongated
muscular tube
mid dorsal line
lying thorax
along
E
of
abdomen :
Differentiated into
-
with
funnel shaped chambers
side
Ostia on either .
• Blood
from sinuses enter heart through
Ostia E pumped anteriorly to sinus again .
Respiratory system
20 pairs SPIRACLES
• Consists
of Trachea
, open through
lateral side
of
•
spiracles present on
of body .
divided
• Thin
branching tracheal
tubes tubes sub -
tracheids ) carry Oz from air to all
into
, parts .
•
opening of spiracles Regulated by spinchtecs
Tracheids
: .
Exchange at
By Diffusion
:
. .
Excretory System
• Excretion by MALPIGHI AN TUBULES .
• Each tubule lined
by glandular E ciliated cells
• URICOTEUC (
enroute uric acid ) NEET 2015 Re
-
addition Fat body
-
In :
Also help in
Mephrocytes excretion
Meuse
glands
Nervous system
• Consists
of series
of fused segmentally,
arranged GANGLIA joined by pained longitudinal
connectives on ventral side .
• 3
ganglia :
Moran ; 6 ganglia : Head
why Cockroach is alive
for 1 week
if head is cut off ? .
The head bit
holds
only a
of nervous system
while rest is spread along ventral ( ) belly part .
[Link]
Region
In head : Brain represented by
SUPRA -
OESOPHAGEAL GANGLION
t
supplies nerves to antennae of compound
eyes .
•
Sensory Organs : Antennae labial
palps
Anal cerci
Eyes
Manillary huffs
* situated Dorsal
compound Eyes :
head
at
surface
of
Each has hexagonal OMM AND 1A
°
2000
.
eye
O
MOSAIC VISION
(perceive
of an
several
object
images )
Resolution
more
sensitivity ,
less
(common during night) (NOCTURNAL
VISION)
Reproductive system
male Reproductive System
• 2 pair of Testis on each
side in 4th 6th
segment
-
• From each testis :
Arises Vas
deferens
f seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory Duct
shaped gland t
i
Mushroom
in 6th
present 7th
segment
-
which
functions as
Male
situated ventral to
gonophore
Accessory Reproductive ( anus )
Gland .
• External Genitalia represented by -
male
gonapophysis ( Ph Allo MERE) → chitinous
asymmetrical structures surrounding male
gonopore .
NEET -
2016 (TI)
• Sperms are stored in seminal vesicles where
they are
glued in
form of bundles called
SPERMATOPHORES
(discharged during copulation)
.
Female Reproductive system
• Consists
of two
large
Ovaries
lying laterally
in 2nd -
6th segments .
Each
•
ovary formed by
S ovarian
group of
tubules or ovaries .
Oviducts
•
of each
ovary
• 2 pair of spermatheca
in 6th
single median
Oyiduet (VAGINA)
present
segment
Genital chamber
Genital
opens into
chamber
FERTILISATION
•
sperms Transferred through spermatophores .
Fertilised
eggs enclosed in capsules called 00T NECA .
Dark Reddish to Blackish Brown Mele
Foo
-
3/8 ( ) long
"
8mm
On
females produce 9 to ootheca
:
an
average
-
each
containing 14
- lb
eggs
.
P americana Paurometabolous
•
Development of .
:
(Through nymphal stages)
The
•
nymph grows by moulting 13 times .
• The ment to last lymphal stage has wing
adult cockroaches
pads but
only
have
wings
NCERTMagicmT
.
NEET -
2013
Last few words . .
.
species wild Economic Importance
Many are No
-
• .
• Pests -
because
Transmit
spoil food .
bacterial diseases
• Can a
variety of .
Tempt
Pr .
FE