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Work, Energy, and Power Explained

Chapter 4 discusses the concept of work, defined as the product of force and distance moved in the direction of the force, with the SI unit being joule. It explains work done against gravity, work done by a force acting obliquely, and categorizes work as positive, negative, or zero based on the direction of force relative to motion. Examples illustrate calculations for work done in various scenarios, including lifting and pulling objects.

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Daksh Jain
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9 views2 pages

Work, Energy, and Power Explained

Chapter 4 discusses the concept of work, defined as the product of force and distance moved in the direction of the force, with the SI unit being joule. It explains work done against gravity, work done by a force acting obliquely, and categorizes work as positive, negative, or zero based on the direction of force relative to motion. Examples illustrate calculations for work done in various scenarios, including lifting and pulling objects.

Uploaded by

Daksh Jain
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter-4 (Work, Energy and Power)

Part- A work
Work:
Work done in moving a body is equal to the product of force exerted on the body and the distance moved by the
body in the direction of force.
Work = Force × Distance moved in the direction of force
Work = Force × Distance
W=F×s

The SI unit of work is joule.


Work Done Against Gravity:
whenever work is done against gravity, the amount of work done is equal to the product of weight of the body and
the vertical distance through which the body is lifted.

Work done in lifting a body = Weight of body × Vertical distance


W=m×g×h
1. How much work is done by a force of 10 N in moving an object through a distance of 1 m in the direction of
the force ?
2. Calculate the work done in lifting 200 kg of water through a vertical height of 6 metres (Assume g = 10 m/s2).
WORK DONE BY A FORCE ACTING OBLIQUELY:
The work done in pulling the body will be equal to the product of horizontal component of the force and distance
moved by body.

W = F cos θ × s
θ is the angle between the direction of motion of body and the direction of force applied.
Example-01
when the displacement of the body is perpendicular (at 90°) to the direction of force, no work is done.

W = F cos 90° × s
=F×0×s (Because cos 90° = 0)
Work done, W = 0
Example-02
The satellites (like the moon) move around the earth in a circular path. In this case the gravitational force of earth
acts on the satellite at right angles to the direction of motion of satellite the work done by the earth on the
satellite moving around it in circular path is zero.

1. A child pulls a toy car through a distance of 10 metres on a smooth, horizontal floor. The string held in
child’s hand makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal surface. If the force applied by the child be 5 N,
calculate the work done by the child in pulling the toy car.
Positive, Negative and Zero Work
The work done by a force can be positive, negative or zero.
1. Work done is positive when a force acts in the direction of motion of the body.
2. Work done is negative when a force acts opposite to the direction of motion of the body.
3. Work done is zero when a force acts at right angles to the direction of motion of the body.

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