TIME & DISTANCE – FULL NOTES
1. Basic Formula:
• Speed = Distance / Time
• Time = Distance / Speed
• Distance = Speed × Time
2. Units:
• 1 km = 1000 m
• 1 hour = 60 min = 3600 sec
• m/s to km/h → multiply by 18/5
• km/h to m/s → multiply by 5/18
3. Average Speed:
• Average Speed = (Total Distance) / (Total Time)
• If equal distances:
Average Speed = (2xy) / (x + y)
4. Relative Speed:
• Same direction → subtract speeds
• Opposite direction → add speeds
5. Train Problems:
• Time taken to cross a pole = Length of train / Speed
• Time to cross a platform = (Length of train + Length of platform) / Speed
• Two trains crossing = (L1 + L2) / (Relative Speed)
6. Boat & Stream:
• Downstream speed = u + v
• Upstream speed = u – v
• Speed in still water = (Down + Up) / 2
• Stream speed = (Down – Up) / 2
7. Circular Track:
• First meeting time = Length / Relative Speed
• Opposite direction → add
• Same direction → subtract
8. Important Shortcuts:
• If A covers x km/h faster than B, time difference formula:
Distance = (Speed difference × Time difference)
• When distance is same:
Time ratio = Inverse speed ratio
9. Practice Tips:
• Convert units correctly
• Draw diagram for trains/boats
• Use relative speed whenever 2 objects move
This PDF contains all core formulas needed for RRB JE exams.