Module 3 – FINAL Q&A; (Exact Questions + Original Numbers)
Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)
36. What is Amazon EC2? What does it stand for?
Answer: EC2 is a virtual server in AWS used for running applications on-demand.
37. What are EC2 instance types? Name any five.
Answer: Instance types include t-series (general), m-series (balanced), c-series
(compute-optimized), and r-series (memory-optimized).
38. What is an Amazon Machine Image (AMI)?
Answer: An AMI is a template used to launch EC2 instances with OS and configurations.
39. What is Elastic Load Balancing (ELB)?
Answer: ELB distributes incoming traffic across multiple EC2 instances for high availability.
40. What is Auto Scaling in AWS?
Answer: Auto Scaling automatically adjusts the number of EC2 instances based on demand.
41. What is AWS Lambda? How is it different from EC2?
Answer: Lambda runs code without provisioning servers, offering auto-scaling and pay-per-use.
42. What are the key characteristics of AWS Lambda?
Answer: Lambda features include event-driven execution, auto-scaling, and no server
management.
43. What is AWS Elastic Beanstalk?
Answer: Elastic Beanstalk automates deployment of applications by handling provisioning and
scaling.
44. What is serverless computing?
Answer: Serverless computing means running applications without managing servers or
infrastructure.
45. What is an EC2 Security Group?
Answer: A Security Group is a virtual firewall controlling inbound and outbound rules of an EC2
instance.
Long Answer Questions (5–6 lines, 3–5 Marks)
46. Explain the process of launching an EC2 instance step by step.
Answer: To launch an EC2 instance, first select an AMI that defines the OS and software. Then
choose an instance type based on required performance. Configure VPC settings like subnet and
auto-assign public IP. Add storage through EBS volumes. Configure Security Groups to allow
required traffic like SSH or HTTP. Create or use an existing key pair for secure login. Finally launch
the instance and connect through SSH or RDP.
47. What are the different types of Elastic Load Balancers in AWS? Compare them.
Answer: ALB works at layer 7 and supports HTTP/HTTPS routing with path and host-based rules.
NLB works at layer 4 and provides ultra■low latency for TCP/UDP traffic. Classic Load Balancer
supports basic layer 4 and 7 but is older. ALB is ideal for web apps, NLB for high-performance
workloads, and Classic LB for simple legacy applications.
48. Describe how Auto Scaling works in AWS. What are its benefits?
Answer: Auto Scaling monitors metrics like CPU usage and launches or terminates EC2 instances
automatically. Scaling policies define when to add or remove instances. It maintains availability
during traffic spikes and reduces cost when demand is low.
49. Explain the AWS Lambda execution model. How does it handle concurrent requests?
Answer: Lambda runs code in response to events from services like S3 or API Gateway. It
automatically provisions compute resources and scales instantly. Functions run inside isolated
containers and shut down after execution, reducing cost. Lambda is ideal for automation, data
processing, and serverless API backends.
50. What are the use cases for serverless computing with AWS Lambda?
Answer: Lambda is used for file processing, IoT data handling, image resizing, automation tasks,
and backend APIs. It supports many runtimes such as Python and [Link].
51. Compare EC2, Lambda, and Elastic Beanstalk. When would you use each?
Answer: EC2 offers full server control, suitable for traditional hosting. Lambda removes server
management and scales automatically for event-driven workloads. Elastic Beanstalk manages
deployment, provisioning, and scaling automatically, making it ideal for developers who want
simplicity.
52. How do you create and configure a Lambda function in AWS?
Answer: To create a Lambda function, choose a runtime such as Python, then write or upload code.
Configure triggers like S3 or API Gateway. Set memory, timeout, and IAM execution role. Test the
function and monitor logs in CloudWatch.
53. Explain the concept of scaling policies in Auto Scaling Groups.
Answer: Auto Scaling policies include target tracking that maintains a specific metric like CPU
percentage. Step scaling adds or removes instances based on threshold breaches. Scheduled
scaling adjusts capacity at fixed times.
54. What is the difference between horizontal and vertical scaling?
Answer: Horizontal scaling adds more instances to distribute load, while vertical scaling increases
the size of an existing instance. Horizontal scaling offers better fault tolerance and flexibility.
55. Describe a complete architecture using EC2, ELB, and Auto Scaling for a web application.
Answer: A web architecture uses EC2 instances behind an ELB that distributes traffic. Auto Scaling
ensures the right number of instances are running. This setup improves performance, fault
tolerance, and scalability for web applications.