Module 1 – FINAL Q&A; (Exact Question Text + Full Answers)
Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)
What is Cloud Computing? Explain its key characteristics.
Answer: Cloud computing means using services like servers, storage, and databases over the
internet. It offers on■demand access, scalability, pay■as■you■go pricing, and removes the need
to manage hardware.
Differentiate between IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS with examples.
Answer: IaaS provides virtual machines (EC2), PaaS provides a platform to deploy apps (Elastic
Beanstalk), and SaaS provides ready-made software (Amazon Chime).
What are the three cloud deployment models? Explain each.
Answer: Public cloud is shared, private cloud is dedicated to one organization, and hybrid cloud
combines both for flexibility.
What is AWS and when was it launched?
Answer: AWS is Amazon’s cloud platform launched in 2006 that provides scalable, secure, and
on-demand cloud services.
Explain the concept of AWS Global Infrastructure.
Answer: It consists of Regions, Availability Zones, and Edge Locations that deliver reliable global
cloud infrastructure.
What is an AWS Region? How many regions does AWS have globally?
Answer: An AWS Region is a physical geographic location with multiple AZs. AWS has many
Regions worldwide serving global users.
What is an Availability Zone (AZ)? How does it provide high availability?
Answer: An AZ is an isolated datacenter that ensures high availability because if one AZ fails,
others stay operational.
What factors should be considered when selecting an AWS Region?
Answer: Consider latency, cost, legal compliance, and available AWS services for your needs.
List any 10 core AWS services.
Answer: EC2, S3, VPC, IAM, Lambda, DynamoDB, RDS, CloudFront, Route53, SNS.
What are the advantages of cloud computing over traditional on-premises infrastructure?
Answer: Cloud computing reduces hardware cost, provides instant scalability, improves reliability,
and speeds up deployment.
Long Answer Questions (5–6 lines, 3–5 Marks)
Explain the evolution of cloud computing and how AWS emerged as a market leader.
Answer: Cloud computing evolved from traditional servers to virtualized environments and then to
fully on-demand cloud platforms. Earlier, organizations purchased and maintained hardware, which
was costly and slow. Virtualization improved efficiency by allowing multiple systems on one
machine. AWS launched in 2006 and became a leader because of its global infrastructure, strong
security, wide range of services, and pay■as■you■use pricing. Its innovation and reliability helped
it dominate the cloud market.
Compare and contrast public, private, and hybrid cloud deployment models with real-world use
cases.
Answer: Public cloud is accessible to everyone through providers like AWS, suitable for hosting
websites. Private cloud is dedicated to one organization and used for high■security workloads such
as banking. Hybrid cloud combines both, allowing sensitive data to remain on■premise while
running applications on AWS. Many companies use hybrid models for flexibility, cost saving, and
better control during cloud migration.
Describe the AWS Global Infrastructure in detail, including R...s, Availability Zones, Edge
Locations, and their significance.
Answer: AWS Global Infrastructure includes Regions, each containing multiple AZs for redundancy.
AZs are isolated datacenters that ensure high availability because a failure in one won’t affect
others. Edge Locations help deliver data quickly by caching content near users. This global design
improves speed, minimizes failures, and ensures reliable cloud services worldwide.
What is the shared responsibility model in AWS? Explain with a diagram.
Answer: The AWS Shared Responsibility Model divides security between AWS and customers.
AWS secures physical infrastructure, networking, and hardware. Customers secure IAM
permissions, data, operating systems, and application settings. For example, AWS protects the
EC2 host machine, while customers must configure EC2 firewalls and patch their OS. This shared
model ensures better overall protection.
How does AWS pricing work? Explain the pay-as-you-go model.
Answer: AWS pricing follows a pay■as■you■go model where users pay only for the resources
they consume. Costs depend on compute usage, storage, and data transfer. There are no upfront
fees unless using Reserved Instances. AWS also offers On■Demand, Reserved, and Spot pricing.
This flexibility helps companies reduce cost and scale resources based on demand.
What are the key benefits of using cloud computing for businesses?
Answer: Cloud computing benefits include reduced hardware costs, faster deployment, and global
accessibility. It allows businesses to scale instantly and provides high reliability using multi■AZ
architecture. Cloud also reduces maintenance tasks and enables companies to focus on innovation
rather than infrastructure management.
Explain the concept of elasticity and scalability in cloud computing.
Answer: Elasticity automatically adjusts resources based on usage—scaling out during peak
demand and scaling in afterward. Scalability means increasing the capacity of resources by adding
more servers or upgrading existing ones. AWS services like Auto Scaling and Load Balancers help
ensure consistent performance even during traffic spikes.
What is the AWS Free Tier? What services are available under it?
Answer: AWS Free Tier allows new users to access AWS services for free for 12 months. It
includes EC2 [Link] hours, S3 storage, and 1M Lambda requests. Free Tier helps beginners
learn AWS without cost. After limits are exceeded, users are charged standard rates. It is designed
to support experimentation and learning.
Compare AWS with other cloud providers like Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud Platform.
Answer: AWS is the most widely used cloud provider, offering the largest set of services and global
Regions. Azure is strong with Microsoft integrations, while Google Cloud specializes in AI, big data,
and analytics. AWS leads in flexibility, reliability, and community support, making it the preferred
choice for many organizations.
How do you decide which AWS Region to use for deploying your application?
Answer: Choosing a Region depends on latency, service availability, cost differences, and
compliance laws. The closest Region provides faster performance. Some Regions offer specific
services not available elsewhere. For users in India, the Mumbai Region is often chosen due to low
latency and regional compliance.