Factors Influencing English Writing Skills
Factors Influencing English Writing Skills
INTRODUCTION
knowledge. English writing has a great impact on the entire system of education,
exchanging knowledge, information, thoughts and opinions with other countries of the
education, it has played a significant role in increasing the status of the economic
zone, and even it has brightened the lives of the people. With respect to English
writing there are some of the students who are still facing complexities in this
particular domain. Majority of the students at high school level are unable to
particularly in writing skills (Shabbir, 2017). The need and significance of English
writing skills in the modern era cannot be denied. The basic motive of teaching
English writing skills in the school is to make the learner’s capable to correspond in
English language to cope up with the challenges regarding English writing at national
writing efficiently has enhanced, therefore, the need for effective English language
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Writing is an incredibly complex cognitive task that demands it’s learners to
have mastery of the different factors, and these factors differ from the learner’s
through effective writing English vocabulary and grammar can be strengthened and it
assists the learner’s in the practice of learning English writing skills respectively.
Writing difficulties occur because of poor command of English tenses and grammar,
the various factors that affect the ability of writing skills. This study particularly
disclosed to different factors that affecting writing skills of senior high school
students.
writing can be difficult and time consuming for many students. Studying writing skills
writing skills, the universal nature means that the less academically gifted students
find it very hard to excel. Such students have struggled and failed. The problem has
been one compounded by the fact that what is studied keeps changing with time.
However, writing skills of many students in senior high school need improvement
while students’ poor performance in English language and other fields has been
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Writing English are the most significant problems that affect most students
speakers of English, they need guidance to become effective writers. They need to
learn how to transfer their knowledge of grammatical concepts from oral language to
language, teacher can demystify abstract grammatical terminology so that the students
can write and read with greater competence and confidence. A written composition
may not be quite so simple. For success in writing, one should apply the golden rule
of writing whereby you imagine that the person you are writing to is with you and that
you write the words as you would have spoken them (Ibid). It is along this
background that this study had to investigate the English writing proficiency of the
The general aim of this is to determine the factors affecting the writing
a. Age;
b. Gender;
c. Religion;
d. Marital tatus;
2. What are the factors affecting the English writing proficiency of the
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3. What is the level of English writing proficiency of the respondents at San
5. Is there any significant relationship between the factors and the level of
The general objective of the study is to determine the factors that affect the
a. Age;
b. Gender;
c. Religion;
d. Marital status;
5. To know if there is any significant relationship between the factors and the
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Conceptual Paradigm
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Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm of the Study
Conceptual Framework
The independent variable of the study includes the demographic profile of the
respondents and the factors affecting their writing proficiency while the independent
Hypotheses
This study will provide useful information about the factors affecting the level
of English writing proficiency of senior high school students at San Brendan College
School Head- data gathered will inform the school head about the topic. The result
will enable him/her to strengthen the curriculum teaching strategies of the teachers for
Teachers – The result of the study will help the teacher to provide rational activities
that will help the students to improve their writing skills, and enable him/her to
Parents – This study will help the parents for guiding their children by identifying the
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Students - This research will help the students in terms of improving their writing
skills and identifying the factors affecting their level of English writing proficiency,
Researchers – this study will help the researcher to enhance their skills in research
field
Future researchers- this research will help the future researcher for their study to
gather more information. Data gathered satisfy the answer needed to finish the study.
Problem: Factors affecting the level of English writing proficiency among senior
Locale: This study was conducted at San Brendan College, Inc. Montevista,
Timeframe: This study was conducted from October 2022 to January 2023.
The study focused on the writing skills of the senior high school students and
conducted at San Brendan College, Inc. Montevista, Poblacion, Taytay, and Palawan.
The data were collected using questionnaire for primary data and documentation
Operational Definition
For better understanding of the terminologies used in this study, terms are
defined operationally:
Factors - This refers to what generally affects the level of English writing proficiency
of the respondents.
Foreign language – This refers to a language where the respondents are usually
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Grammar - This is one of the criteria writing test where Sentence construction,
subject verb agreement, person, and tense in writing are checked under grammar.
Language - This refers to the words used in a structured way and conveyed by
Mother tongue – This is the language which a respondent has grown up speaking that
Proficiency - This refers to how the respondents can write well in the writing test that
Vocabulary – This is also one of the criteria in writing test where idioms are checked
under this part. Errors or mistakes in use and selection of the vocabulary are mainly
Writing- This refers to the process of answering the writing test provided by the
Writing anxiety - This is a psychological factor that might affect the English writing
Writing skills – This refers to the respondent’s skills who have attain very good level
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Chapter II
This chapter presents the related literature both local and international after an
in- depth search by the researchers. This aims to find the factors affecting the level of
English writing proficiency of the students and to know how these factors affects the
Writing in a foreign language is one of the most crucial yet challenging tasks
for students. However, In Ahmed's study, he investigated the challenges that EFL
learners face in essay writing skills and the common errors they make in their English
writing. And the results obtained from students' questionnaires indicated that major
difficulties that student' encounter are in grammar, organizing ideas, punctuations, and
vocabulary. The challenges that students face in writing essay include: incorrect use
punctuation and this is very alarming because students tend to ignore it. Chico (2022)
also concluded in his study An analysis of factors influencing EFL learners’ writing
skills, " Because of the significance of learning a foreign language, the student’s
writing skills need reinforcement with a practice. While the students practice the
writing skills, there are possibilities of having problems and obstacles like anxiety, not
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Maryana also stated that There are 2 factors that affect students’ English
writing skill in English Study Program of IAIN Curup. There are Personality factors;
these factors come from the students themselves that consist of physiological aspect
such the affective domain, motivation, the neurobiology of affect and measuring
affective factors and Social cultural factors, these factors consist of social and
According to Ekmekçi (2018) 60% of the participants of his study have moderate
anxiety about writing in English. More than half of the participants in these studies
conducted in Turkey have moderate or higher anxiety levels. As for the types of
anxiety, the participants of the study mainly have somatic anxiety, which means that
the participants show physiological symptoms in the course of a writing task such as
nervousness, sweat, and tension. Writing anxiety negatively affects the performance
of the students inside the classroom while doing written task, this study has a closer
result to Yayli and Elif (2019), the results stated that the participants in this study had
high to moderate level of writing anxiety. The participants reported that they feel
Topic selection, finding supporting ideas, time limitation, and lack of effective
feedback were found to be the most anxiety-provoking factors for the participants,
which were followed by grammar for writing, brainstorming, and idea organization.
impact of using social media on the 10th graders' progress in writing skills and their
attitudes towards writing at schools, he concluded that the Palestinian tenth graders’
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have positive attitudes towards utilizing social media as a tool of writing in English
Language. In the light of the results of the study recommended that teachers be asked
to use the social media technology in teaching writing skills in order to develop their
students' ability in writing skills. Abdullah (2020) also concluded that the role of
points and enhancing communication skills. The overall outcomes confirmed the
Writing proficiency
writers put their creative ideas and thoughts in writing forms. Writing provides
learners with numerous opportunities to seek modern ways to compose their different
ideas and thoughts in a foreign language (Rao, 2017). English language skills have
Although all the four language skills have their own significance, but writing skill is
the most vital skill among them because it plays a significant role in all facets of life.
skill for good language production. It is thought of as a significant skill mainly in the
content of English as a second language and the majority of the learners face
get confused in English writing due to a lack of strong vocabulary and suitable
reading comprehension of the English language passages. This skill demands very
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close attention for its effective learning and teaching from the very initial stage of
imparting education at school level (Fareed, Ashraf, & Bilal, 2016a). According to
encounter more difficulties to cope with writing skills than the rest of the three skills.
grammatical components, poor command over this skill underestimates the worth and
importance of students’ creativity. Writing gives proper shape and structure to the
ideas and thinking of men. Not only it is valuable for the people to write down their
thoughts, facts, creative ideas and experiences on the paper, but it also assists to
maintain the past of every country in written form. Writing is perceived as a blend of
the process and product, and this writing process produces a collection of different
thoughts and ideas in learners’ minds. Setiawan, Rohayati, Sari, and KUSUMA
(2014), argue that writing is a perception of the abilities that involve the rules of
demands the writers to explore and classify previous knowledge. Writing brings the
writing as a man who doesn't know how to read and write is called illiterate and
ignorant (Khan & Khan, 2020). According to Andrew (2019), students face a number
of writing difficulties at different levels of their study, these challenges can usually be
Groundbreaking research has paved the way for new theories on writing.
Although still partially a mystery, writing has been defined as a complicated process
that requires several activities simultaneously. In other words, the writer has to
generate, organize and review ideas using the correct grammar, vocabulary and rules
of the written language. Thus, the experience of writing is a cognitive task in which
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writers draw on ‘…information stored in long-term memory.... as [they juggle] a
number of simultaneous
does not make it any easier. A central component in writing seems to be the working
memory. Research shows that the better working memory we have the better we can
write due to a greater capacity to carry out several tasks simultaneously. Assessment
of writing proficiency in English as a foreign language (EFL) has long been a subject
of discussion and research. The concept “proficiency” is, to begin with, not easy to
define. What is proficiency? The predominant view until the late 70’s was that
proficiency was mainly equal to grammatical and lexical competence and that these
two elements alone were enough to enable communication. Nevertheless, in the USA
Spanish speaking pupils coming out of English programs into all-English instruction
vocabulary, which strongly suggests that proficiency is something else than just those
two elements. What are the elements that linguistic proficiency consists of? This issue
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Chapter III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research methodology of this study. This includes the
locale of the study, respondents of the study, sampling procedure, research design,
This study was conducted at San Brendan college Inc. in front of Montevista
located 100 meters away from highway behind the lighthouse bible Baptist church.
Sampling Procedure
respondents. To get the specific number of respondents in grades 11 and 12, stratified
the subdivision of population into smaller groups known as strata where the total
population number of grades 11 and 12 per strand will be divided by the population
Simple random sampling was also employed to know the specific names of
the respondents. It is a probability sampling procedure where the names of all possible
respondents are written in a piece of paper and it will be shuffled in a bowl, the names
of the respondents will be randomly picked based on the number of the sample size.
Research Design
analysis of the population sample. This involves survey and evaluation research
method, and help to provide answer to the questions who, what, when, and where.
Thus, the present study described and quantified the English Writing Proficiency of
the respondents.
Instrumentation
The researchers gathered data by asking the respondents to fill-up the survey
questionnaire. An English writing Proficiency Test as the main tool in gathering data
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was used. In measuring the level of English writing Proficiency of the students,
researchers asked the students to write a formal letter with rubrics. Part I includes the
demographic profile of the respondents, Part II was the factors affecting their English
writing proficiency, and the last part was about their level of writing English
proficiency.
The researchers sent a letter to the admin office as well as to the students for
the approval. The researchers used survey questionnaires and in gathering and
analyzing the data information. The questionnaires used contains essential questions
There are three parts of questions that were given by the researchers. First is
the demographic profile of the respondents. Second is the factors affecting English
writing proficiency of the students, and third is the level of English writing
Treatment of Data
In this study the data gathered by the researchers were tabulated, analyzed, and
interpreted using the descriptive marking like percentage, frequency and weighted
mean which facilitated the interpretation of the data gathered. Frequency is the
number of rates of a repeating event per unit time while percentage is a rate, number,
or amount in each hundred. Correlation was also used by the researchers to see if
there were relationship between the demographic profile of the respondents and the
factors to the level of English writing proficiency of the respondents at San Brendan
College Inc.
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Chapter IV
Profile F %
18-19 20 20
20-23 2 2.86
24-30 1 1.43
Female 38 54.29
Baptist 6 8.57
INC 4 5.71
Pentecost 2 2.86
Overcomer 1 1.43
Apostolic 1 1.43
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2km 27 38.57
3km 9 12.86
4km 4 5.71
5km 9 12.86
6km 1 1.43
10km 1 1.43
Married 1 1.43
Widowed 1 1.43
GAS 14 20
HUMMS 14 20
EIM 11 15.71
HE 8 11.43
ABM 7 10
College Graduate 0 0
5,001—8,000 11 15.71
8,001-10,000 7 10
10,001-15,000 3 4.29
18
15,001-20,000 6 8.57
20,001-25,000 3 4.29
gleaned from the table that out of 70 respondents, 53 or 75.71% of the respondents
were between the age bracket of 16-17 years old, 20 or 20% registered between the
age bracket of 18-19 years old, and 2 or 2.86% were between the age of 20-23 years
old and 1or 1.43% placed under the age of 24 and above.
gender, which shows 32 or 45.71% of the respondents were Male and 38 or 54.29%
were female. The extent of data obtained reveals that majority of the respondents were
female.
married, the same with widowed with 1 or 1.43%. Data revealed that majority of
in General Academic strand, same with the Humanities and Social Sciences with 14
of the respondents answered high school level as their parents educational attainment,
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11 or 15.71%, of the respondents answered elementary level as their parents
high school graduate. Furthermore, table presents the parents monthly income of the
respondents and revealed that the majority of the respondents answered 3,001-5,000
per month with 10 or 57.14%, while 11 or 15.71% of the respondents answered 5,001-
8,000 per month, 7 or 10% of the respondents answered 8,001-10,000 per month, 6 or
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Table 2. Factors Affecting English Writing Proficiency
A. Personal Interest
B. Learning Style
1. I prefer listening to a lecture or a recording rather than writing notes. 3.71 Agree
2. I like to use pictures, diagrams, and written direction to access information. 4 Agree
C. Technology Exposure
1. I prefer to use gadgets to take notes rather than writing it manually. 3.79 Agree
2. I produce quality projects, assignments or performance with the help of 4.03 Agree
technology.
4. I always check proper punctuation and spelling when chatting with my 4.10 Agree
friend.
1.. My teacher always asks to write the information and check it later on. 4.14 Agree
3. My teacher uses various activities in the lesson like experimentation, 4.29 Agree
E. Classroom Environment
Table 2 presents the factors affecting English writing proficiency. The table
reveals that the first factor which is Personal Interest shows that majority of the
respondents personally like writing with the mean of 4.01 that falls under the
However, least of the respondents always, Write in Diary, got the least mean of 3.06
that falls under the description of Neutral which indicates that the characteristic is
sometimes manifested.
The overall mean for the factor of Personal Interest is 3.57 that falls under the
description of Agree which indicates that the characteristics are often manifested. The
table also reflects that most of the respondents like to use pictures, diagrams, and
written direction to access information with the mean of 4 that falls under the
recording rather than writing notes with the mean of 3.71, still under the description
of Agree which indicates that the characteristic is often manifested. The overall mean
for the factor of Learning Style is 3.83, that falls under the description of Agree which
respondents answered that their teacher uses various activities in the lesson like
experimentation, reasoning, live examples. With the mean of 4.10 that falls under the
however, least of the respondents prefer to use gadgets to take notes rather than
writing it manually with the mean of 3.79 that falls under the description of Agree
which indicates the characteristic is often manifested. The overall mean for the factor
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of Technology Exposure is 4 that falls under the description of agree which indicates
Nevertheless, the factor for Positive Student Teacher Relation reveals that
majority of the respondents always check proper punctuations and spelling when
chatting with their friends with the mean of 4.29 that falls under the description of
Agree which indicates that the characteristic is often manifested, even so, least of the
respondents preferred that their teacher always asks to write the information and
check it later with the mean of 4.14 that falls under the description of agree which
indicates that the characteristic is often manifested. The overall mean for the factor of
Positive Student Teacher Relation is 4.22 that falls under the description of agree
of the respondents feel comfortable asking their teacher and classmates whenever they
have questions, with the mean of 4.10, that falls under the description of Agree which
indicates that the characteristic is often manifested, however, least of the respondents
feel comfortable in the setting arrangement, with the mean of 3.81, that falls under the
description of agree which indicates that the characteristic is often manifested. The
overall mean, for the factor in terms of Classroom Environment, is 3.98, that falls
under the description of Agree which indicates that the characteristics are often
manifested.
Also, the data gathered reflects the factor relating to Vocabulary that majority
of the respondents answered that Right use of tenses is the most recurrent problem
they encounter while writing English Essays and Stories with the mean of 3.81, that
falls under the description of agree which indicates that the characteristic is often
manifested, on the other hand, least of the respondents usually feel difficulty while
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using Conjunction and Preposition in English Writing with the mean of 3.67, that falls
under the description of agree which indicates that the characteristic is often
manifested.
Hence, the overall mean for the vocabulary factor is 3.72, that falls under the
description of agree which indicates that the characteristics are often manifested.
anxious in Writing English due to time pressure with the mean of 3.79 that falls under
the description of agree which indicates that the characteristic is often manifested,
however, least of the respondents feel anxious when writing poems and essay due to,
Insufficient Writing Practices, with the mean of 3.57, that falls under the description
of Agree which indicates that the characteristic is often manifested. The overall, mean
for the factor of Writing Anxiety is 3.65, that falls under the description of agree
Additionally, the table also presents, the linguistic factor where majority of the
respondents use their Native Language in their daily lives’ interactions with the mean
of 3.76 that falls under the description of agree which indicates that the characteristic
is often manifested. On the other hand, least of the respondents find it difficult in
learning English Language with the mean of 3.41, that falls under the description of
Neutral which indicates that the characteristic is sometimes manifested. Moreover, the
overall mean for the linguistic factor is 3.63 that falls under the description of Agree
e of interpretatio
F % F % F % F %
score
24
s n
9-10 Excellent 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
% % %
% %
2 and Poor 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
below
1 6 6 9
As indicated in the table, it shows that the Mechanics, where the score range
9-10 (Excellent), 7-8 (Very Good), 5-6 (Good), 3-4 (Fair), and 2 and below means
(poor). As Table 3 shows, none of the respondents got excellent, 14 or 20% of the
respondents are very good, 52 or 74.29 % of the respondents are good, 4 or 5.71% of
the respondents are fair, none of the respondents got poor. The overall mean in
mechanics is 5.61 which means |in “good” performance. Data reveal that majority of
the respondents are good in spelling, punctuation, capitalization, word usage, and
margining. However, Vocabulary, reveals that none of the respondents got excellent,
23 or 32.86% of the respondents are very good, 42, or 60% of the respondents are
good, 5 or 7.14% of the respondents are fair, none of the respondents got poor. The
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overall mean in vocabulary is 5.96 which means in “good” performance. This shows
that most of the respondents are good in choosing appropriate words in writing
composition. Nevertheless, the content shows that, none of the respondents got
excellent, where 23 or 32.86% of the respondents are very good, 42, or 60% of the
respondents are good, 5 or 7.14% of the respondents are fair, none of the respondents
got poor. The overall mean in vocabulary is 5.96 which means in “good”
performance. This implies that majority of the respondents are good in organizing
their ideas and using of ambiguous words, sentences, definition. Moreover, the
17.14 of the respondents are very good, 50 or 71.43% of the respondents are good, 8
or 11.43% of the respondents are fair, none of the respondents got poor. The overall
mean is 5.59 which means in “good” performance. Most of the respondents are good
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Proficiency
Age Level of 0.102 0.402 Very low Failed to
Proficiency
Proficiency
Proficiency
Proficiency
Proficiency
Proficiency
Proficiency
Proficiency
P value < 0.05 Reject null hypothesis P value > 0.05 Accept null hypothesis
Legend: (r statistic)
Size of correlation Interpretation
0.90 to 1.00 (or -0.90 to -1.00) Very high positive (or negative) correlation
0.70 to 0.90 (or -0.70 to -0.90) High positive (or negative) correlation
0.50 to 0.70 (or -0.50 to -0.70) Moderate positive (or negative) correlation
0.30 to 0.50 (or -0.30 to -0.50) Low positive (or negative) correlation
0.00 to 0.30 (or 0.00 to -0.30) Very low positive (or negative) correlation
The table 4 presents the relationship among the categories of the profile
variables such as Age, Gender, Religion, Marital status, Strand, Parent’s Educational
attainment, and Parent’s monthly income. The size of correlation (the “r” statistics)
which has a range between positive or negative 0.90 to 1 interpreted as Very high
positive (or negative) correlation, positive or negative 0.70 to 0.90 interpreted as High
interpreted as Low positive (or negative) correlation, and positive or negative 0.00 to
0.30 interpreted as Very low positive (or negative) correlation. The test was
performed using 0.05 level of significant and the hypothesis was tested in null form.
Table 4 implies that the age of the respondents has a correlation value of 0.102
and the descriptive equivalent is very low positive, age was found to be not
statistically significant with the p value of 0.402 and has very low positive correlation
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with the level of English writing proficiency. This means that the age of the
respondents does not affect their level of English writing proficiency Therefore, the
null hypothesis is accepted and we can say that there is no significant relationship
The data shows that the gender of the respondents has a correlation value of -
0.133 and the descriptive equivalent is very low negative, data revealed that gender of
the respondents was found to be not statistically significant with the p value of 0.272
and has a very low negative correlation with the level of English writing proficiency.
Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted, and we can say that there is no
significant relationship between the gender and their level of English writing
proficiency.
As we gleaned from the table, the religion of the respondents has a correlation
value of 0.058 and the descriptive equivalent is very low positive. It shows that
religion of the respondents was found to be not statistically significant with the p
value of 0.632 and has a very low positive correlation with the level of English
writing proficiency. Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted, and we can say that
there is no significant relationship between the religion and their level of English
writing proficiency.
The table revealed that the Distance of school from home of the respondents
has a correlation value of 0.049 and the descriptive equivalent is very low positive. It
shows that Distance of school from home was found to be not statistically significant
with the p value of 0.690 and has a very low positive correlation with the level of
English writing proficiency. Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted we can say that
there is no significant relationship between the Distance of school from home and
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The table reflects that, the marital status of the respondents has a correlation
value of 0.008 and the descriptive equivalent is very low positive, it shows that the
marital status of the respondents was found to be not statistically significant with the p
value of 0.945 and has a very low positive correlation with the level of English
writing proficiency. Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted we can say that there is
no significant relationship between the marital status and their level of English writing
proficiency.
The table also shows that, the strand of the respondents has a correlation value
of 0.215 and the descriptive equivalent is very low positive. It shows that the strand of
the respondents was found to be not statistically significant with the p value of 0.074
and has a very low positive correlation with the level of English writing proficiency.
Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted, and we can say that there is no significant
relationship between the marital status and their level of English writing proficiency.
The table shows that, the Parents Educational Attainment of the respondents
has a correlation value of 0.182 and the descriptive equivalent is very low positive. It
shows that the Parents Educational Attainment of the respondents was found to be not
statistically significant with the p value of 0.132 and has a very low positive
correlation with the level of English writing proficiency. Therefore, the null
hypothesis is accepted we can say that there is no significant relationship between the
The table shows that, the Parents Monthly Income of the respondents has a
correlation value of 0.041 and the descriptive equivalent is very low positive. It shows
that the Parents Monthly Income of the respondents was found to be not statistically
significant with the p value of 0.735 and has a very low positive correlation with the
level of English writing proficiency. Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted, and
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we can say that there is no significant relationship between Parents Monthly Income
Table 5. Significant Relationship between the factors and level of English writing
proficiency.
English
Writing
Proficiency
Writing correlation
Proficiency
Writing correlation
Proficiency
Writing correlation
Proficiency
Relation Proficiency
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Environment English positive hypothesis
Writing correlation
Proficiency
Proficiency
Proficiency
Proficiency
Table 5 presents the significant relationship between the Factors and the Level
of English Writing Proficiency of the respondents. Data revealed that the factor for
Personal Interest has a correlation value of 0.454 and the descriptive equivalent is low
positive. It shows that Personal Interest factor was found to be statistically significant
with the p value of 0.001. It implies that when the respondents Personal Interest in
writing went up, their Level of English Writing Proficiency also went up. Therefore,
the null hypothesis is rejected, and we can say that there is a significant relationship
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As we gleaned from the table, it shows that learning style factor has a
correlation value of 0.413 and the descriptive equivalent is low positive, where
Learning Style Factor was found to be statistically significant with the p value of
0.001. It implies that the more the Learning Style of the respondents went up, their
Level of English Writing Proficiency also went up. Therefore, the null hypothesis is
rejected, and we can say that there is a significant relationship between Learning Style
It also presents the factor for technology exposure which has a correlation
value of 0.235 and the descriptive equivalent is low positive. It revealed that the
Technology Exposure Factor was found to be statistically significant with the p value
of 0.050. It indicates that the more the respondents use and exposed in technology,
their Level of English Writing Proficiency leveled up. Therefore, the null hypothesis
is rejected, and we can say that there is a significant relationship between technology
The table also reflects that factor technology exposure has a correlation value
of 0.431 and the descriptive equivalent is low positive, factor positive student teacher
relation was found to be statistically significant with the p value of 0.001. It indicates
that if there is a positive student teacher relation when it comes to writing, their level
of English writing proficiency leveled up. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected,
and we can say that there is a significant relationship between positive student teacher
The table shows that factor classroom environment has a correlation value of
0.352 and the descriptive equivalent is low positive, factor classroom environment
was found to be statistically significant with the p value of 0.003. It indicates that the
better the classroom environment, the better the level of English writing proficiency.
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Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected, and we can say that there is a significant
proficiency.
The table shows the factor vocabulary has a correlation value of 0.115 and the
descriptive equivalent is very low positive, factor vocabulary was found to be not
statistically significant with the p value of 0.345, it indicates that the better vocabulary
may increase the level of English writing proficiency. Therefore, the null hypothesis
The table also reflects the factor writing anxiety has a correlation value of
0.110 and descriptive equivalent is very low positive, factor writing anxiety was
found to be not statistically significant with the p value of 0.366 It implies that when
the respondents have writing anxiety, their level of English proficiency enhance.
Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted, and we can say that there is no significant
relationship between writing anxiety and the level of English writing proficiency.
The data also shows the factor h. linguistic has a correlational value of 0.094
and the descriptive equivalent is very low positive, factor h. linguistic was found to be
not statistically significant with the value p 0.439. It implies that when the
respondents are more linguistic, their level of English proficiency went up. Therefore,
the null hypothesis is accepted, and we can say that there is no significant relationship
34
Chapter V
Summary
The study focused on the Factors Affecting the English Writing Proficiency of
Grade 11 Senior High School Students at San Brendan College, Inc. The researchers
conducted a survey to determine the Level of English Writing Proficiency. This study
was conducted at San Brendan College, Inc. located at Montevista, Poblacion, Taytay,
Palawan.
35
The researchers found out that the majority age of the respondents is 16-17
with 53 (75.71%), followed by 18-19 with 20 (20%), while 20-23 with 2 (2.86%), and
then 24 above with 1 (1.43%). The majority of the gender is female with 38 (54.29%)
(71.43%), followed by Seventh Day Adventist and Baptist with 6 (8.57%), INC with
4 (5.71%), and Pentecost with 2 (2.86%), meanwhile, the Overcomer and Apostolic
answered 2km with 27 (38.57%), 1km with 19 (27.14%), followed by 3km and 5km
which has the same result with (12.86%), 4km with 4 (5.71%), while 6km and 10km
has 1 with (1.43%). Most of the marital status is single with 68 (97.14%), married 1
Most of the strand is ICT with 16 (22.86%), GAS and HUMMS has the same
result with 14 (20%), while EIM is 11 (15.71%), HE with 8 (11.43%), and ABM is 7
(10%). And most of the parent educational attainment is high school graduate with 23
(32.86%), High school level with 20 (28.57%), Elementary level with 11 (15.71%),
respondents answered 3,001-5,000 per month with 7 (10%), then 10,001-15,000 per
month with 3 (4.29%), 15,001-20,000 per month with 6 (8.57%) and 20,001-25,000
per month with 3 (4.29%). The overall mean for the factor of personal interest is 3.57
that falls under the description of agree which indicates that the characteristics are
often manifested.
The overall mean for the factor of Learning style is 3.83, that falls under the
description of Agree which indicates that the characteristics are often manifested. The
36
overall mean for the factor of technology exposure is 4 that falls under description of
The overall mean for the positive student teacher relation is 4.22 that falls
under the description of agree which indicates that the characteristics are often
manifested. The overall mean, for the factor in terms of classroom environment, is
3.98, that falls under the description of Agree which indicates that the characteristics
The overall mean for the factor Vocabulary is 3.72, that falls under the
description of agree which indicates that the characteristics is often manifested. The
overall mean for the factor writing anxiety is 3.65, that falls under the description of
agree which indicates that the characteristics are often manifested and the overall
mean for the factor linguistic is 3.63 that falls under the description of Agree which
CONCLUSION
1. Majority of the respondents were under the age bracket of 16 to 17, most were
female and least were male. Most of the respondents were Roman Catholic;
most of the distances of school from home of the respondents were under 1
respondents were ICT students, most of the respondents answered high school
2. The overall mean of factors is 3.83 that falls under the description of Agree,
37
3. The level of English writing proficiency of Grade 11 senior high school
5. Majority of the factors were found to be significantly related with their level
RECOMMENDATION
1. The teachers may give more emphasis on the use of subject verb agreement,
4. Read more to develop an eye for what effective writing looks like.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
[Link]
id=lK1CDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=inauthor:
%22Nazurah+Abdul+Rahman
%22&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&redir_
esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
[Link]
id=wrRFEAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=english+writing+proficiency&hl=en
&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=on
epage&q=english%20writing%20proficiency&f=false
38
Websites
[Link]
328546821_The_Challenges_of_Writing_in_School_Conceptualizing_Writing_Devel
opment_Within_a_Sociocognitive_Framework (deane 2018)
[Link]
Teachers'_Beliefs_on_the_Use_of_L1_in_EFL_Classroom_A_Global_Perspective
( Shabbir 2017)
[Link] (Ahmed's 2019)
[Link] (chico 2022)
[Link]
324825129_Exploring_Turkish_EFL_Students'_Writing_Anxiety (Ekmekci 2018)
[Link]
330137377_The_Second_Language_Writing_Anxiety_The_Perceived_Sources_and_
Consequences (yayli and elif 2019)
[Link]
349427990_THE_IMPACTS_OF_SOCIAL_MEDIA_ON_PALESTINIAN_TENTH
_GRADERS'_ENGLISH_WRITING_PROFICIENCY ( Abuhamda 2021)
[Link]
321743674_A_Brief_Study_of_English_Language_Proficiency_Employability (rao
2017)
[Link] (puspa Aninditha
2016)
[Link] (khan and khan 2020)
39
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LETTER OF REQUEST TO THE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATOR
40
May 26, 2023
Dear Sir,
We are the researcher from Third Year-Bachelor of Technical Vocational Teacher
Education students here at San Brendan College who are currently working on our research in
Technology Research 2 subject entitled “Factors Affecting the English Writing Proficiency
of Grade 11 Students at San Brendan College, Inc. Poblacion, Taytay, Palawan’’.
In connection with this, we would like to ask your consent to allow us to conduct a
survey among the chosen respondents here at San Brendan College, Inc.
Truly Yours,
Agustino, Regine et al.
Noted by:
Rolando B. Belarmino Jr.
Research Adviser
Approved By:
Jayson V. Yara
SBCI Administrator
APPENDIX B
LETTER OF REQUEST TO THE RESPONDENTS
Dear Respondents,
Truly Yours,
The Researchers
Noted by:
Rolando B. Belarmino Jr.
Research Adviser
APPENDIX C
SUVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Republic of the Philippines
San Brendan College Incorporated
Montevista Poblacion Taytay Palawan
42
I. Student-related Information
Name: (Optional)____________________ Grade/Strand: _________________
Age: _______ Gender: Male Female
Religion: ___________
Distance of school from home__________________
Marital status: Single Married Widowed
Parent’s Educational attainment:
Elementary level College level
Elementary graduate College graduate
High school level
High school graduate
0.1 -1.4.- Strongly Disagree (indicates that the characteristics is never manifested)
Part II. Factors affecting the English writing proficiency of the respondents
43
a. Personal Interest 5 4 3 2 1
Strongly Agre Neutral Disagree Strongly
agree e disagree
1. I personally like writing
2. Writing is my favorite leisure time
3. I always write in my diary
4. I enjoy writing fictional story.
b. Learning Style
1. I prefer listening to a lecture or a recording rather
than writing notes.
2. I like to use pictures, diagrams, and written
direction to access information.
3. I express myself well through writing.
4. I like to use my hands and bodies as learning
instrument.
c. Technology Exposure
1. I prefer to use gadgets to take notes rather than
writing it manually.
2. I produce quality projects, assignments or
performance with the help of technology.
3. I find technology helpful to improve my writing
skills.
4. I always check proper punctuation and spelling
when chatting with my friend.
d. Positive Student Teacher Relation
1.. My teacher always asks to write the information
and check it later on.
2. My teacher encourages the students by giving
positive feedback.
3. My teacher uses various activities in the lesson
like experimentation, reasoning, live examples.
4. My teacher presents information in a way that is
easy to understand.
44
e. Classroom Environment
1. I have enough desk space to take notes in the
class.
2. I feel comfortable in the setting arrangement.
3. My classmates are friendly approachable.
4. whenever I have question, I feel comfortable
asking my teacher and classmates
f. Vocabulary
1. I usually feel difficulty while using conjunction
and preposition in English writing.
2. Right use of tenses is the most recurrent problem I
encounter while writing English essays and stories.
3. I often get confused while using punctuation
marks in English writing.
4. frequent mistakes of grammar affect my effective
writing expression.
g. Writing Anxiety
1. I feel anxious in writing English due to my
grammar and spelling might be incorrect.
45
CURRICULUM VITAE
YUMEL DAVE L. GONZAGA
Home Address: Barangay Banbanan, Taytay, Palawan
G-address: yumeldavegonzaga@[Link]
Mobile Number: 09168840136
46
PERSONAL INFORMATION
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
ANGIE M. NATURALES
Home Address: Barangay Abongan, Taytay, Palawan
G-address: angienaturales@[Link]
Mobile Number: 09928597441
PERSONAL INFORMATION
47
Date of Birth July 30, 1998
Place of Birth Brgy. Abongan, Taytay, Palawan
Sex Female
Civil Status Single
Citizenship Filipino
Language Ilonggo
Religion Catholic
Father Elynel Abadilla Naturales
Mother Alma Melancio Naturales
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
REGINE L. AGUSTINO
Home Address: Montevista, Poblacion, Taytay, Palawan
G-address: regineagustino08@[Link]
Mobile Number: 09500460698
PERSONAL INFORMATION
48
Date of Birth June 13, 2002
Place of Birth Sto. Malaya, Brgy. Banbanan, Taytay, Palawan
Sex Female
Civil Status Single
Citizenship Filipino
Language Tagalog
Religion Catholic
Father Roberto Florentino Agustino
Mother Jenelyn Lucio Agustino
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
PERSONAL INFORMATION
49
Date of Birth December 06, 2001
Place of Birth Faith Adventist Academy
Sex Female
Civil Status Single
Citizenship Filipino
Language Tagalog
Religion Seventh Day Adventist
Father Deceased
Mother Elsilita C. Montero
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
50