Tutorial 5
Qn 1. A rectangular chip floats on the top of a thin layer of air, above a bottom plate. Air is blown at a
uniform velocity v0 through holes in the bottom plate. For steady, inviscid, constant density flow, find
out the weight of the chip that can be held in equilibrium by the air injected. Width of the chip
perpendicular to the plane of the figure is L.
⃗ = 𝐴𝑥 2 𝐢̂ − 2𝐴𝑥𝑦𝐣̂, where A is a dimensional constant. Show that this
Qn 2. Consider the velocity field 𝑉
is a possible incompressible flow. Derive an algebraic expression for the acceleration of a fluid particle.
Estimate the radius of curvature of the streamline at (x, y) = (1, 3).
Qn 3. The radial variation of velocity at the midsection of the 180° bend shown is given by 𝑟𝑉𝜃 =
constant as shown in the figure below. The cross section of the bend is square. Assume that the velocity
is not a function of z. Derive an expression for the pressure difference between the outside and the inside
of the bend. Express your answer in terms of the mass flow rate, the fluid density, the geometric
parameters, R1 and R2, and the depth of the bend, b = R2 – R1.
Qn 4. A cylindrical tank of diameter D contains liquid to an initial height of h0, as shown in the figure
below. At time t = 0, a small stopper of diameter d is removed from the bottom. For constant density,
inviscid flow with no losses, derive (i) a differential equation for the free-surface height h(t)during
draining, and (ii) an expression for the time t0 to drain the entire tank.
Qn 5. Two circular plates are separated by a liquid layer as shown in the figure below. The lower plate
is stationary; the upper plate moves downward at constant speed, V. The radius of the top plate is R.
The liquid is squeezed out in the transverse direction between the plates. Find an expression for pressure
distribution, p(r), assuming inviscid flow.
Qn 6. A necked-down section in a pipe flow, called a venturi, develops a low throat pressure that can
aspirate fluid upward from a reservoir, as shown in the figure. Using Bernoulli’s equation with no losses,
derive an expression for the velocity V1 that is just sufficient to bring reservoir fluid into the throat.
Qn 7. A venturimeter, shown in the figure below, is a carefully designed constriction whose pressure
difference is a measure of the flow rate in a pipe. Using Bernoulli’s equation for steady incompressible
flow with no losses, show that the flow rate Q is related to the manometer reading h by
𝐴2 2𝑔ℎ(𝜌𝑀 − 𝜌)
𝑄= √
4 𝜌
√1 − (𝐷2 )
𝐷 1
where 𝜌𝑚 is the density of the manometric fluid.
Qn 8. Two identical orifices are mounted on one side of a vertical tank as shown in the figure below.
The height of water above the upper orifice is 3 m. If the jets of water from the two orifices intersect at
a horizontal distance of 8 m from the tank, estimate the vertical distance between the two orifices.
Calculate the vertical distance of the point of intersection of the jets from the water level in the tank.
Assume Cv = 1 for the orifices.
Qn 9. A tube is used as a siphon to discharge an oil of specific gravity 0.8 from a large open vessel into
a drain at atmospheric pressure as shown in the figure below. Calculate (i) the velocity of oil through
the siphon, (ii) the pressure at points A and B, (iii) the pressure at the highest point C, (iv) the maximum
height of C that can be accommodated above the level in the vessel, and (v) the maximum vertical depth
of the right limb of the siphon. (Take the vapour pressure of liquid at the working temperature to be
29.5 kPa and the atmospheric pressure as 101 kPa. Neglect friction)
Qn 10. Air, assumed frictionless, flows through a tube, exiting to sea-level atmosphere. Diameters at 1
and 3 are 5 cm, while D2 = 3 cm. What mass flow of air is required to suck water up 10 cm into section
2 of the figure below?