🧾 AWS Module 5 – Networking & Content

Delivery
💡 Full Revision Paper (MCQs + Difference Questions)

🧩 Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. What is the main purpose of a VPC (Virtual Private Cloud)?

A. To store data securely

B. To create isolated networks in AWS

C. To host DNS records

D. To monitor EC2 instances

Answer: B. To create isolated networks in AWS

2. Which service is used to host and manage domain names in AWS?

A. AWS Direct Connect

B. Amazon CloudFront

C. Amazon Route 53

D. AWS Site-to-Site VPN

Answer: C. Amazon Route 53

3. Which AWS service provides a content delivery network (CDN)?

A. Amazon CloudFront

B. AWS Direct Connect

C. Amazon S3

D. VPC Peering

Answer: A. Amazon CloudFront

4. What is VPC Peering used for?

A. Connecting your VPC to the internet

B. Connecting two VPCs privately

C. Encrypting network data

D. Creating NAT gateways

Answer: B. Connecting two VPCs privately

5. What is the main restriction of VPC peering?

A. It is not encrypted

B. IP ranges can overlap

C. It does not support transitive peering

D. Only works within the same region

Answer: C. It does not support transitive peering

6. Which service provides a dedicated private network connection to AWS?

A. AWS Direct Connect

B. AWS Site-to-Site VPN

C. CloudFront

D. Route 53

Answer: A. AWS Direct Connect

7. A Site-to-Site VPN connects:

A. One AWS account to another

B. Your VPC to your on-premises data center

C. Your VPC to CloudFront

D. Two EC2 instances

Answer: B. Your VPC to your on-premises data center

8. Which VPC component allows private connections to AWS services without using the
internet?

A. NAT Gateway

B. VPC Endpoint

C. Transit Gateway

D. Route 53

Answer: B. VPC Endpoint

9. What does AWS Transit Gateway do?

A. Provides internet access

B. Acts as a central hub to connect multiple VPCs

C. Caches content

D. Balances traffic between EC2s

Answer: B. Acts as a central hub to connect multiple VPCs

10. Which AWS firewall option is stateful?

A. Network ACL

B. Security Group

C. NAT Gateway

D. VPC Endpoint

Answer: B. Security Group

11. Which AWS firewall option can allow and deny rules?

A. Security Group

B. Network ACL

C. Route Table

D. CloudFront

Answer: B. Network ACL

12. What does Amazon Route 53 mainly do?

A. Load balancing

B. Domain Name System (DNS) routing

C. Data caching
D. File storage

Answer: B. Domain Name System (DNS) routing

13. Which Route 53 routing policy sends users to the nearest region for faster access?

A. Weighted

B. Simple

C. Latency-based

D. Failover

Answer: C. Latency-based

14. Which routing policy in Route 53 provides backup and recovery if the main site fails?

A. Weighted

B. Simple

C. Failover

D. Geolocation

Answer: C. Failover

15. Amazon CloudFront improves performance by:

A. Storing data in S3

B. Caching content close to users

C. Increasing EC2 size

D. Compressing files only

 Answer: B. Caching content close to users

16. What are edge locations in CloudFront?

A. Data centers that serve cached content to users

B. AWS regions

C. NAT gateways

D. Security endpoints

Answer: A. Data centers that serve cached content to users

17. Which of these is NOT a CloudFront benefit?

A. High latency

B. Security at the edge

C. Pay-as-you-go pricing

D. Global performance

Answer: A. High latency

18. Which service helps secure your application from DDoS attacks and integrates with
CloudFront?

A. AWS Shield

B. AWS GuardDuty

C. AWS Inspector

D. AWS WAF
 Answer: A. AWS Shield

19. Which VPC component allows instances in private subnets to access the internet?

A. NAT Gateway

B. Internet Gateway

C. VPC Endpoint

D. Route 53

Answer: A. NAT Gateway

20. Which AWS service is used for private connection between on-premises and AWS
using VPN hardware?

A. AWS Site-to-Site VPN

B. CloudFront

C. Transit Gateway

D. VPC Peering

Answer: A. AWS Site-to-Site VPN

🔄 Part B – Difference Between (Short Answers)

Topic Difference
Security Group works at instance level, only allow rules, and is
Security Group vs
stateful. Network ACL works at subnet level, supports allow &
Network ACL
deny rules, and is stateless.
 VPC Peering is point-to-point between two VPCs. Transit
VPC Peering vs
Gateway is hub-and-spoke, connecting multiple VPCs and
Transit Gateway
networks through one gateway.
Site-to-Site VPN uses the internet and is encrypted, while Direct
Site-to-Site VPN vs
Connect uses a dedicated private connection that is faster and
Direct Connect
more reliable.
Internet Gateway allows public access to and from the internet.
Internet Gateway vs
NAT Gateway allows private instances to initiate internet
NAT Gateway
access (for updates) but not receive it.
VPC Endpoint vs VPC Endpoint connects to AWS services privately without the
Internet Gateway internet. Internet Gateway connects VPCs to the public internet.
Simple Routing vs Simple routing sends traffic to one resource. Weighted routing
Weighted Routing splits traffic across multiple resources based on assigned
(Route 53) weights.
Latency Routing vs Latency routing sends users to the region with best speed.
Geolocation Geolocation routing sends users to servers based on their
Routing (Route 53) location.
CloudFront is a content delivery network (CDN) for caching and
CloudFront vs
speed. Route 53 is a DNS service for directing users to the
Route 53
correct server.
Public subnet connects to internet via Internet Gateway. Private
Private Subnet vs
subnet connects via NAT Gateway and has no direct internet
Public Subnet
access.
VPC Peering vs VPN VPC Peering connects AWS VPCs privately. VPN connects AWS
Connection VPC to on-premises data centers securely.

🧾 AWS Module 6 – Compute: Practice

Paper
🧠 PART A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. What does Amazon EC2 stand for?

A) Elastic Compute Cloud

B) Elastic Container Cloud
C) Elastic Cluster Cloud
D) Elastic Cloud Control
Answer: A) Elastic Compute Cloud

2. Which of the following is a serverless compute service?

A) Amazon EC2
B) AWS Lambda
C) Amazon ECS
D) Amazon EKS
Answer: B) AWS Lambda

3. Which EC2 pricing model is best for short-term, unpredictable

workloads?

A) Spot Instances
B) Reserved Instances
C) On-Demand Instances
D) Dedicated Hosts
Answer: C) On-Demand Instances

4. Spot Instances are ideal for:

A) Critical workloads that must never stop

B) Fault-tolerant workloads that can handle interruptions
C) Long-term predictable workloads
D) Compliance workloads
Answer: B) Fault-tolerant workloads that can handle interruptions

5. Which AWS service allows you to run containers without managing EC2
servers?

A) ECS with EC2

B) ECS with Fargate
C) EC2 Auto Scaling
D) Elastic Beanstalk
Answer: B) ECS with Fargate

6. What is the function of Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR)?

A) Runs containers
B) Stores container images
C) Creates AMIs
D) Manages EC2 instances
Answer: B) Stores container images

7. In AWS Lambda, you pay for:

A) The number of EC2 instances

B) The number of S3 buckets
C) Only the compute time your code runs
D) Monthly subscription
Answer: C) Only the compute time your code runs
8. Which AWS service is a Platform as a Service (PaaS)?

A) Amazon EC2
B) AWS Lambda
C) AWS Elastic Beanstalk
D) Amazon ECS
Answer: C) AWS Elastic Beanstalk

9. In ECS with EC2 launch type, who manages the servers?

A) AWS
B) The customer
C) Both AWS and customer
D) Nobody
Answer: B) The customer

10. Which service is best for deploying web apps quickly without
managing servers?

A) Amazon EC2
B) Amazon EKS
C) AWS Elastic Beanstalk
D) Amazon S3
Answer: C) AWS Elastic Beanstalk
✍️ PART B: Short Questions and Answers

1. What is Amazon EC2 used for?

Answer:
Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) is a web service that provides resizable virtual
servers (instances) in the cloud to run applications.

2. What is a key pair in EC2?

Answer:
A key pair consists of a public key (stored in AWS) and a private key (stored by the user).
It’s used for secure login to EC2 instances via SSH or RDP.

3. What is an Elastic IP address?

Answer:
An Elastic IP is a static public IP that you can associate with your instance. It doesn’t
change when you stop or start the instance.

4. What is Amazon CloudWatch used for?

Answer:
Amazon CloudWatch monitors AWS resources and applications, collects metrics, and
provides real-time performance data for EC2, Lambda, and more.

5. What are the four pillars of cost optimization in AWS?

Answer:
Right-size resources
Increase elasticity
 Use optimal pricing models
Optimize storage choices

6. What is AWS Fargate?

Answer:
Fargate is a serverless compute engine for containers — you run containers without
managing EC2 servers.

7. What is AWS Lambda?

Answer:
AWS Lambda is a serverless compute service that runs your code automatically in
response to events and scales automatically.

8. What is AWS Elastic Beanstalk?

Answer:
Elastic Beanstalk is a PaaS service that automatically handles app deployment, scaling,
and monitoring — you just upload your code.

9. What is Amazon ECS used for?

Answer:
Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service) is used to run, manage, and scale Docker
containers on AWS.
10. What is Amazon EKS?

Answer:
Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service) is a managed Kubernetes service that makes it
easy to run Kubernetes clusters on AWS.

⚖️ PART C: Difference Between Two Concepts

1️⃣ EC2 vs Lambda

Feature Amazon EC2 AWS Lambda

Infrastructure as a Service
Type Serverless Compute
(IaaS)
Server
You manage servers AWS manages everything
Management
Pay per request and runtime
Billing Pay for running time
(per ms)
Use Case Long-running apps Short, event-driven tasks

2️⃣ ECS vs EKS

Feature ECS EKS

Full Form Elastic Container Service Elastic Kubernetes Service
AWS native container
Platform Type Managed Kubernetes
service
Ease of Use Easier to set up More complex
AWS manages
Control Kubernetes-based control
orchestration
Kubernetes-based
Best For Simpler container apps
workloads
3️⃣ ECS with EC2 vs ECS with Fargate

Feature ECS with EC2 ECS with Fargate

Server
You manage EC2 instances AWS manages servers
Management
Setup More manual work Fully automated
Full control over Less control, more
Control
infrastructure simplicity
Use Case Custom configurations Easy, quick container runs

4️⃣ On-Demand vs Spot vs Reserved vs Dedicated Host

Featur On-
Spot Reserved Dedicated Host
e Demand
Payme Pay as you Bidding, 1–3 year Pay for full physical
nt go cheapest commitment server
Discou
None Up to 90% Up to 75% None
nt
Reliabil Can stop
High High Very high
ity anytime
Use Short- Constant Compliance / License
Flexible jobs
Case term workloads control

5️⃣ Containers vs Virtual Machines

Feature Containers Virtual Machines

OS Share the same OS kernel Each has its own OS
Speed Fast to start Slower
Size Lightweight (MBs) Heavy (GBs)
Use Microservices, portable Full system
Case apps environments

6️⃣ ECS vs Fargate

Feature ECS Fargate

 Compute engine for
Type Container orchestration
containers
Server
Needs EC2 or Fargate Fully managed
Management
Managing container
Focus Running containers easily
groups

🧾 AWS Module 7 – Storage Practice Paper

🧠 Part A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

. What type of storage does Amazon EBS provide?

a) Object storage
b) Block storage
c) File storage
d) Cold storage
Answer: b) Block storage

. Which storage service stores data as objects with metadata?

a) Amazon EBS
b) Amazon EC2
c) Amazon S3
d) Amazon Glacier
Answer: c) Amazon S3

. Amazon EBS volumes are automatically replicated within:

a) Multiple Regions
b) A single Availability Zone
c) The entire AWS Cloud
d) Between accounts
Answer: b) A single Availability Zone
 . What is a snapshot in Amazon EBS?
a) A backup of the EBS volume
b) A type of EC2 instance
c) A pricing model
d) A bucket name
Answer: a) A backup of the EBS volume

. Which Amazon EBS type offers highest IOPS performance?

a) General Purpose SSD
b) Provisioned IOPS SSD
c) Throughput-Optimized HDD
d) Cold HDD
Answer: b) Provisioned IOPS SSD

. In Amazon S3, a bucket is used to:

a) Store EC2 snapshots
b) Organize and store objects (files)
c) Launch EC2 instances
d) Configure IAM roles
Answer: b) Organize and store objects (files)

. Amazon S3 automatically stores data across:

a) Multiple facilities in a Region
b) Only one data center
c) Multiple Regions by default
d) The user’s local system
Answer: a) Multiple facilities in a Region
 . Which S3 storage class is cheaper and used for rarely accessed data?
a) S3 Standard
b) S3 Standard–IA (Infrequent Access)
c) S3 Glacier Deep Archive
d) S3 Intelligent-Tiering
Answer: b) S3 Standard–IA

. Amazon S3 pricing is based on:

a) Instance type
b) Data stored, requests, and data transfer
c) Number of snapshots
d) CPU usage
Answer: b) Data stored, requests, and data transfer

. Which of the following is NOT true for Amazon EBS?

a) It can be attached to multiple EC2 instances at once
b) It provides block-level storage
c) It supports snapshots for backup
d) It can increase volume size dynamically
Answer: a) It can be attached to multiple EC2 instances at once

⚖️ Part B: Differences (Short, To-the-Point Answers)

1️⃣ Block Storage vs Object Storage

Feature Block Storage Object Storage

Storage Unit Stores data in blocks Stores data as objects
Only change specific Must upload whole file
Update
block again
Speed Faster, low latency Slower
Use Case Databases, OS disks Backups, media, static files
Example Amazon EBS Amazon S3

2️⃣ Amazon EBS vs Amazon S3

Feature Amazon EBS Amazon S3

Storage Type Block storage Object storage
Accessible from
Attached To Single EC2 instance
anywhere
Highly scalable but
Performance Fast, low latency
slower
Data Location Single Availability Zone Across multiple facilities
Databases, app
Use Case Backups, website files
storage
Example Like a hard drive Like cloud drive

3️⃣ Types of EBS Volumes

Storage
Type Main Use Key Point
Type
General Purpose SSD Balance of cost &
SSD Most workloads
(gp3/gp2) speed
Provisioned IOPS SSD Databases, heavy
SSD Highest performance
(io1/io2) I/O
Throughput-Optimized HDD High throughput, low
HDD Big data, streaming
(st1) cost
Backups, infrequent Cheapest, lowest
Cold HDD (sc1) HDD
use speed

4️⃣ Amazon S3 Standard vs S3 Infrequent Access (S3-IA)

S3 Infrequent Access (S3-

Feature S3 Standard
IA)
 11 nines
Durability 11 nines (same)
(99.999999999%)
Availability 99.99% 99.9%
Access
Frequent Rare
Frequency
Cost Higher Cheaper
Use Case Active data Backups, old files

5️⃣ EBS Snapshot vs AMI

Feature EBS Snapshot AMI (Amazon Machine Image)

Backup of a single
Purpose Full image of an instance
volume
Storage Stored in S3 Stored in S3
Use
Restore volume data Launch new EC2 instances
Case
Scope Volume-level Instance-level
ALL DIFFERENCES I THINK CAN COME
VPC vs Subnet

VPC Subnet
It’s the main virtual network in It’s a smaller section inside a
AWS. VPC.
Like a big house. Like rooms inside the house.
Contains multiple subnets. Exists inside one VPC only.

2️⃣ Security Group vs Network ACL

Security Group Network ACL

Works at instance level. Works at subnet level.
Stateful – remembers allowed Stateless – checks every request
traffic. separately.
Allows rules only (no explicit deny). Allows and denies rules both.

3️⃣ Public IP vs Elastic IP

Public IP Elastic IP
Changes when instance is
Fixed; stays the same always.
stopped/started.
Permanent (until you release
Free and temporary.
it).
Auto-assigned by AWS. Manually allocated by user.

4️⃣ EC2 Pricing Models

Model Main Difference

Pay for what you use, no
On-Demand
commitment.
Reserved Long-term use (1–3 years), cheaper.
Spot Cheapest, but can stop anytime.
Dedicated
Physical server just for you.
Host
5️⃣ Virtual Machine (VM) vs Container

VM Container
Runs full OS per
Shares OS kernel.
instance.
Heavy and slower start. Lightweight and fast.
Good for
Good for large apps.
microservices.

6️⃣ ECS with EC2 vs ECS with Fargate

ECS with EC2 ECS with Fargate

You manage EC2 AWS manages servers for
instances. you.
No server management
More control, more work.
needed.
You pay for EC2. You pay per task/container.

7️⃣ Block Storage vs Object Storage

Block Storage Object Storage

Data stored in
Data stored as objects.
blocks.
Fast and low Cheaper, slower for big
latency. files.
Used in EC2/EBS. Used in S3.

8️⃣ 4 Types of Amazon EBS Volumes

Type Main Use

Most common; balanced price &
General Purpose (SSD)
performance.
Provisioned IOPS (SSD) For high-performance databases.
Throughput Optimized (HDD) For big data & streaming.
Cold HDD Lowest cost, rarely accessed data.

9️⃣ Amazon EBS vs Amazon S3

EBS S3
Block storage. Object storage.
Used for
Used with EC2.
backups/files.
Access from
Lives in one AZ.
anywhere.

🔟 S3 Standard vs S3 Infrequent Access (S3-IA)

S3 Standard S3-IA
For frequent
For rare access.
access.
Lower cost but retrieval
Higher cost.
fee.
99.99% availability. 99.9% availability.

11️⃣ EBS Snapshot vs AMI

EBS Snapshot AMI

Backup of one EBS
Full image to launch EC2 instances.
volume.
Used for volume restore. Used to create new instances.
Also stored in S3, includes snapshot +
Stored in S3.
settings.