CHAPTER 2
PROCEDURES
This chapter presents the discussion on the research methodology of the study, the
subjects, sampling technique, research instruments, and the procedure of data gathering that were
used for accurate data analysis and interpretation. It explains how the study was conducted and
describes the specific steps undertaken by the researcher in collecting and analyzing the data
related to innovation and competitive advantage among Pasalubong centers in Zambales..
Qualitative Design and Methodology
The Instrument used in the study was a structured interview and survey questionnaire
comprising open-ended questions to conclude the overall crucial point of the research
instrument. The structured interview was used as the main data-gathering instruments of the
study. This study is non-numerical data; to strengthen the data collected, a survey method was
used with open-ended questions to encourage respondents to write detailed answers.
Research Site
This study was conducted at Zone 1, Iba, Zambales, where the chosen respondents are the
six Pasalubong Centers of the said locale area. The purpose of this study is to examine the help
of innovation in maintaining competitive advantage of Local micro businesses in Zambales.
Selected Criteria and Participants
The researchers in this study will use Purposive Sampling, the participants which are the
Pasalubong Centers the Local Micro Businesses in Iba, Zambales are chosen based on the
innovation they make to maintain competitive advantage despite of competitors.
Data Collection
The researchers in this study will use Structured Interview and Survey Questionnaires. To
achieve the specific answer and to confirmed Interpretations these two method data collection
will be use. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of innovation in maintaining
competitive advantage that is why the researchers need to get the primary source which are using
Interview and survey questionnaires.
Data Analysis
The qualitative data gathered from Structured Interview and Survey Questionnaires were
analyzed using thematic analysis. The researcher carefully transcribed and reviewed all interview
responses to identify common themes and patterns related to innovation practices among
Pasalubong centers in Zambales. These themes included product development, marketing
strategies, operational improvements, challenges faced, and customer feedback. Similar ideas
were grouped together to form major categories that explained how innovation contributed to the
centers’ competitive advantage. The analyzed data were then interpreted and summarized to
provide a deeper understanding of the experiences, strategies, and perspectives of business
owners, employees, and customers regarding innovation.
Role of Researcher
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Sed vel sapien quis dolor posuere porta.
Nam hendrerit ante vel lectus. Duis gravida ornare enim. Donec adipiscing varius erat. Etiam
non pede. Aliquam erat volutpat. Integer sed neque. Integer laoreet, erat tincidunt tristique
feugiat, augue metus facilisis neque, sed tincidunt dolor lacus in magna. Maecenas porta. Cras
nisl. Nam porta dolor. Quisque feugiat ante vitae nisl.
Methods of Validation
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Sed vel sapien quis dolor posuere porta.
Nam hendrerit ante vel lectus. Duis gravida ornare enim. Donec adipiscing varius erat. Etiam
non pede. Aliquam erat volutpat. Integer sed neque. Integer laoreet, erat tincidunt tristique
feugiat, augue metus facilisis neque, sed tincidunt dolor lacus in magna. Maecenas porta. Cras
nisl. Nam porta dolor. Quisque feugiat ante vitae nisl.
Potential Ethical Issues
Ethical consideration will be observe in conducting the study from Pasalubong Centers in
Zambales. The following rights of participants will be considered:
1. The owners of Pasalubong Centers in Zambales participants will be voluntarily participating in
answering the researchers questions.
2. The researcher will give clear and comprehensive information about the purpose, risk and
benefits of the study to the participants.
3. There will be no risk in gathering data to the participants, there will be no personal identity
collected from participants. The information shared in answering questions will not be disclose.
Further, any unethical activities will not be done on this study especially failure to acknowledge
the contributions of other people in the field. .