Camarines Sur National High School

Naga City

Technology and Livelihood Education

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE
EXPLORATORY COURSE for Grade 8

First Quarter Week 4

LESSON 2: Performing Measurements and Calculations

Learning Outcome 2: Carry out measurements and calculations

1.1 Use appropriate measuring devices for specific tasks
1.2 Compute for required data

Introduction

This lesson is all about performing measurements and calculations. You will learn how to convert different units of
measure and perform actual measurements using different measuring tools.

Definition of Terms

Current - The flow of an electric charge through a conductor. An electric current can be compared to the flow of
water in a pipe. It is measured in amperes.
Resistance - The opposition to the passage of an electric current. Electrical resistance can be compared to the
friction experienced by water when flowing through a pipe. It is measured in ohms.
Voltage - An electromotive force or “pressure” that causes electrons to flow and can be compared to water pressure
which causes water to flow in a pipe. It is measured in volts.
Ohms - The unit of measure for resistance.
Volts - The unit of measure for voltage.
AC (Alternating Current) - This is an electric current that reverses its direction or polarity many times a second at
regular intervals.
DC (Direct Current) — DC current is an electric current that flows in only one direction.

Pre-Test 2.2

Direction: Compute the equivalent value of each given unit of measure. Write your answers on the blanks provided.

1. 3 ft = ___________cm 6. 72 in = ___________ yd

2. 5 yd = ___________ cm 7. 4 dm = ____________ cm

3. 25.4 cm = __________ in 8. 3 ft = ____________ in

4. 5 cm = ___________ mm 9. 2 ft = ____________yd

5. 900 cm = ___________ m 10. 60.96 cm = ____________ ft

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 Information Sheet 2.2

PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS AND CALCULATIONS

System of Measurement

A system of measurement is a set of units which can be used to specify anything can be measured. These are
common units of measurement used in making layout and installation of electrical materials:

1. Metric System

Metric system is an internationally agreed decimal system of measurement. It was created in France in 1799.
It is called International System of Units (SI), the official system of measurement in almost every country in the world,
is based upon the metric system. In the metric system, each basic type of measurement (length, weight, capacity) has
one basic unit of measure (meter, gram, liter).

The basic unit in the Systems International measurement is called the meter. The meter is divided into 100
centimeters. Each centimeter is divided into 10 millimeters. They are abbreviated as follows:

Millimeters mm Centimeters cm
Decimeters dm Meters m

In the Systems International measurement, the centimeter is divided into 10millimeters as shown below:

MILLIMETERS

CENTIMETERS

To read measurement exceeding 1 centimeter say 1cm and for smaller graduations, it is read and written as
1.2cm, 1.3cm, 1.4cm and so on.

2. English System

A system of measurement originated in England. This system grew out of the way people secured
measurements using body parts and familiar objects such as human foot, paces, cups, pails, and galloons.

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 In the English system the inch is divided into 16 graduations and the smallest graduation is read 1/16.

To read measurement exceeding 1 inch say 2” and for smaller graduations, it is read and written as: 2” 4/16 or 2
¼. 1 foot + 2 inches + 3 smaller graduations, it is read and written as: 14” 3/16

Convert English to Metric Measurement System and vice

versa
The conversion tables below are a great help in converting English to Metric system and vice versa.

Metric Conversion
(linear equivalent)
Unit of Measure Equivalent Value

1 centimeter (cm.) 10 millimeters (mm)

1 decimeter (dm.) 10 centimeters (cm.)

1 meter (m.) 100 centimeters (cm.)

1 kilometer (km.) 1000 meters (m.)

English Conversion
(linear equivalent)
Unit of Measure Equivalent Value

1 foot (ft.) 12 inches (in.)

1 yard (yd.) 3 feet (ft.)

1 yard (yd.) 36 inches (in.)

1 mile (mi.) 1760 yard (yd.)

Metric to English Conversions

Unit of Measure Equivalent Value

1 centimeter (cm.) 0.39370 inches (in.)

1 meter (m.) 39.37008 inches (in.)

1 meter (m.) 3.28084 feet (ft.)

1 meter (m.) 1.09361 yards (yd.)

1 millimeter (mm.) 0.03937 inches (in.)

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 English to Metric Conversion
Unit of Measure Equivalent Value

1 inch (in.) 25.4 mm. 2.54 cm. .0254 m.

1 foot (ft.) 304.8 mm 30.48 cm .3048 m.

1 yard (yd.) 914.4 mm 91.44 cm .9144 m.

Conversion Formulas
Length in inches x 0.0254 = length in meters
Length in inches x 2.54 = length in centimeters

Length in feet ÷ 3.28 = length in meters

Length in meters x 39.37 = length in inches

Length in inches ÷ 39.37 = length in meters

Length in feet x 0.305 = length in meters

Length in feet x 30.5 = length in centimeters

COVERSION FROM INCHES TO METER AND VICE VERSA

To convert inches to meter and vice versa, follow the conversion formula.

Example 1: convert 15 inches. to meters.

1 in. is equal to 0.0254 m.

15 in = 15 × 0.0254 m = 0.381 m
Example 2: covert 8 meters to inches.
1m. is equal to 39.37 in. therefore
8m. = 8 x 39.37in. = 314.96in.
Example 3: Convert 3 feet. to centimeters.
1ft. is equal to 30.5 cm
3ft.= 3 x 30.5cm. = 91.5 cm
THE MULTI-TESTER

The Multi-tester or multimeter is sometimes called the VOM (voltmeter, ohmmeter, milliammeter). It is the best
instrument that can measure voltage, resistance and current.

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PARTS OF A MULTI TESTER

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How to read the meter scale of the multi tester

To read the resistance range of the multi-tester, the given table below will be used. The unit of measurement to be
used to determine its resistance is ohm.

Testing a Resistor Using a Ohmmeter Function of a Multi-meter

1. Set the multi-meter to ohmmeter function. Set the multiplier to the nearest value of the resistor to be tested.

In this case, it is set to X10K or X10,000.

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2. Adjust the zero-ohm adjuster so that the needle points to zero.
This is accomplished by touching / holding the tips of the Red and Black meter leads together. Then you use the
Zero Ohms (Ω) Adjuster knob to adjust the needle if needed to read Zero Ohms.

3. Then, connect one probe of the tester to one end of the resistor and another probe to the other end of the
resistor.

4. Read measured result.

The meter above reads 7 ohms. Since the range selector was set to X10k, multiply 7 ohms by 10,000 to get actual
resistance of 70,000 ohms or 70K ohms.

Additional Samples on Reading Measured Results

a. In this figure below, the range selector was set to X1 and the meter reads 1.5 ohms. If you will multiply 1.5
ohms by 1, you will get 1.5 ohms which is the same with the meter reading.

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 b. In this next figure, the range selector was set to X10 and the meter reading shows 15 ohms. Multiply 15
ohms by 10 to get actual resistance of 150 ohms.
c.
d.

e. In this figure, the range selector was set to X1000 or X1k and the meter reads 150 ohms. Multiply 150 by
1000 to get actual resistance of 150,000 or 150K ohms.

Measuring DC Voltage

1. Set the multi meter to DCV function. (For Unknown Voltage, start high on Selector switch and adjust down to
accurately measure the voltage.)

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2. Connect the negative probe of the multimeter to the negative side of the battery to be tested and the positive
probe to the positive side of the battery.

3. Read the result based on the selected range.

In this case, we will use the

250 scale. Since the selector
range was set to 2.5, we will
move 2 decimal places to the
left. The pointer is at 150, by
moving two decimal places to
the left, we now have 1.5
Volts as the actual voltage
reading of the battery.

Measuring AC Voltage

1. Set the multi meter to ACV function. (For Unknown Voltage, start high on Selector switch and adjust down to
accurately measure the voltage.)

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2. Connect each probe into each terminal of the object to be tested. (Since we are measuring AC voltage, correct
polarity is not observed.)

Warning: Household AC
electrical supply is highly
dangerous.

Do not try this at home

without assistance and
proper instrument.

3. Read the result based on the selected range.

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Technology and Livelihood Education
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE
EXPLORATORY COURSE for Grade 8
First Quarter Week 4

Name of Learner: _____________________________________ Grade Level: ________________________

Section: ____________________________________ Date: _________________________

Activity 2.2

Performing Actual Measurements

Materials/Tools:
Pull-push rule
Tape measure
Meter stick
Sheet of paper
Pencil/Ball pen

Directions: Use any of the measuring tools above to perform actual measurement of listed items below.
Write your measurements in the appropriate space provided.

LENGTH LENGTH WIDTH WIDTH THICKNESS THICKNESS

ITEM
(cm) (in) (cm) (in) (cm) (in)

Cabinet

Door
Working/Dining
Table

Post-Test 2.2

A. Measurement Conversion

Direction: Compute the equivalent value of each given unit of measure. Write your answers on the blanks provided.
1. 5 in = ______________ cm 6. 5 yd = _____________ in

2. 5 m = ______________ cm 7. 9 yd = ______________ ft

3. 50 dm = ______________ cm 8. 48 in = _____________ ft

4. 274.32 cm = ___________ yd 9. 1 m = ______________ in

5. 100 cm = ____________ mm 10. 200 m = ______________ dm

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 B. Parts of a Multi-Tester

Directions: Identify the part of a multi-tester that is being described in each item. Choose your answer from the
options below.

Pointer Scale Zero-ohm Adjusting Knob

Range Selector Knob Test probes Adjustment Screw

______________________ 1. It is used to zero-in the pointer before measuring resistance.

______________________ 2. It is used to connect the circuit to the electrical components being tested.

______________________ 3. A series of marking used for reading the value of a quantity. Can have different types
of scale, for voltage and current readings the scales have mostly linear
which means equal division.

_____________________ 4. Makes it possible to adjust the pointer to the zero position of the scale.

_____________________ 5. Makes it possible to select different functions and range of the meter.

_____________________ 6. The needle-shaped rod that moves over the scale of a meter.

C. Multi-tester Measurements Reading

Below are figures showing different voltage and ohms reading using multi-tester. Each figure also shows the
range where the range selector knob was set.

Direction: Find out the voltage or ohms reading in each figure. Write your answers in the space provided before each
number.

Voltmeter Reading

____________ 1.

Range Selector set to

DCV 2.5

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_____________ 2.

Range Selector set to

ACV 1000

Ohmmeter Reading

______________ 3.

Range Selector set to

X1000

______________ 4.

Range Selector set to

X1

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References:

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module

Electrical Installation and Maintenance Exploratory Course for Grade 7 and 8
Module Writers: HECTOR M. VALLARTA/ ROMAN A. CABUSORA JR.
Deped Region 5 Technical Drafting Learning Module
Author: NOEL R. VILLANUEVA- Teacher III (Catanduanes National High School)
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]

Prepared by: Jorge O. Trinidad

Mobile Number: Globe-09052402196/TNT-09488535474

Teachers Handling TLE-8 Exploratory Course

Name Contact Number
Mary Rose Modilla TNT-09305765286/Globe-09772785601
Rechilda Rhoda SJ. Jamora TNT-09487263226
Shirley Delos Santos TNT-09487489114
Helbert Medroso TNT-09380726933
Diomedes Galang TNT-09093691276

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